| 1. |
- Faxén Irving, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Lukt, smak och aptit
- 2016
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In: Geratrisk nutrition. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. ; :2, s. 67-78
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Cederholm, Tommy, et al.
(author)
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SBU-rapport "missar" övertygande evidensläge : Kosttillägg förlänger livet på undernärda äldre
- 2014
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 111:51-52, s. 2299-2300
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tvärtemot slutsatserna i en ny SBU-rapport anser Tommy Cederholm och medförfattare att det finns övertygande evidens för att kosttillägg är gynnsamt för undernärda äldre. Ordination ska dock ske först efter utredning, göras patientsäkert, dokumenteras och utvärderas individuellt.
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| 5. |
- Donat-Vargas, Carolina, et al.
(author)
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Urinary phosphate is associated with cardiovascular disease incidence.
- 2023
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 294:3, s. 358-369
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Elevated phosphate (P) in urine may reflect a high intake of inorganic P salts from food additives. Elevated P in plasma is linked to vascular dysfunction and calcification.OBJECTIVE: To explore associations between P in urine as well as in plasma and questionnaire-estimated P intake, and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).METHODS: We used the Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical, a population-based cohort study. At baseline (2004-2009), P was measured in urine and plasma in 1625 women. Dietary P was estimated via a food-frequency questionnaire. Incident CVD was ascertained via register-linkage. Associations were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 9.4 years, 164 composite CVD cases occurred (63 myocardial infarctions [MIs] and 101 strokes). Median P (percentiles 5-95) in urine and plasma were 2.4 (1.40-3.79) mmol/mmol creatinine and 1.13 (0.92-1.36) mmol/L, respectively, whereas dietary P intake was 1510 (1148-1918) mg/day. No correlations were observed between urinary and plasma P (r = -0.07) or dietary P (r = 0.10). Urinary P was associated with composite CVD and MI. The hazard ratio of CVD comparing extreme tertiles was 1.57 (95% confidence interval 1.05, 2.35; P trend 0.037)-independently of sodium excretion, the estimated glomerular filtration rate, both P and calcium in plasma, and diuretic use. Association with CVD for plasma P was 1.41 (0.96, 2.07; P trend 0.077).CONCLUSION: Higher level of urinary P, likely reflecting a high consumption of highly processed foods, was linked to CVD. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the potential cardiovascular toxicity associated with excessive intake of P beyond nutritional requirements.
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| 6. |
- Elgestad Stjernfeldt, Per, et al.
(author)
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The Relation between Masticatory Function and Nutrition in Older Individuals, Dependent on Supportive Care for Daily Living
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Associations between masticatory function and nutritional status have been suggested. Masticatory function can be divided into two subdomains, the objective capacity of an individual to mix solid food and the individual's subjectively assessed ability to masticate solid food. Aim: The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between these subdomains and nutritional variables in older, care-dependent individuals. Materials and methods: From a group of 355 individuals with care dependency and functional limitations, individuals aged 60 and older were selected. By home visits, the subjects underwent an oral examination and answered chewing related questions. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. A total of 196 individuals met the age requirement of 60 years or older. Of these, 86 subjects were able to answer the questions. Results: We could not find any concluding significant associations between the subdomains of masticatory function or the nutritional variables. Conclusions: The absence of associations could be explained by the lack of standardized and validated methods to assess masticatory function and they possibly reflect varying underlying constructs. Self-reported questionnaires seem less useful among older and care-dependent individuals, while an objective clinical measurement will be needed when evaluating masticatory function.
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| 7. |
- Eriksdotter, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Plasma Fatty Acid Profiles in Relation to Cognition and Gender in Alzheimer's Disease Patients During Oral Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation : The OmegAD Study
- 2015
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In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 48:3, s. 805-812
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: ω3 fatty acids (ω3 FAs) may slow the rate of decline in cognitive performance in mild forms of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between changes of plasma ω3 FA levels and cognitive performance, as well as effects of gender, are poorly known.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of 6-month administration of DHA-rich ω3 FA supplementation on plasma FA profiles in patients with mild to moderate AD in relation to cognitive performance and gender. This investigation is part of the OmegAD Study.METHODS: 174 AD patients (74 ± 9 years) were randomized to a daily intake of 2.3 g ω3 FA or placebo for 6 months; subsequently all received the ω3 FA preparation for the next 6 months. Baseline as well as changes in plasma levels of the main ω3 FAs in 165 patients, while receiving ω3 FA supplementation for 6 months, were analyzed for association to cognitive performance (assessed by ADAS-cog and MMSE scores) as well as to gender.RESULTS: Preservation of cognitive functioning, assessed by ADAS-cog or its sub-items (but not MMSE) scores, was significantly associated to increasing plasma ω3 FA levels over time. Thus, the higher ω3 FA plasma levels rose, the lower was the rate of cognitive deterioration. This effect was not related to gender; since although females displayed higher ω3 FA plasma levels than did males after 6 months of supplementation, this difference disappeared when adjusted for body weight.CONCLUSIONS: Since our study suggests dose-response relationships between plasma levels of ω3 FA and preservation of cognition, future ω3 FA trials in patients with mild AD should consider exploring graded (and body weight adjusted) doses of ω3 FA.
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| 8. |
- Faxen-Irving, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Does Fatty Acid Composition in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Differ between Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Cohabiting Proxies?
- 2018
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In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 61:2, s. 515-519
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Low tissue levels of the major marine ω3 fatty acids (FAs) DHA and EPA are found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated if healthy proxies to AD patients have higher levels of these ω3 FAs. We observed lower levels of EPA and DHA in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies from 64 AD patients compared with 16 cognitively healthy proxies. No significant difference was observed when pairwise comparisons were made between a subset of 16 AD patients and their co-habiting proxies. Larger studies are needed to replicate these findings and to determine if they could depend on FA intake or differences in metabolism.
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| 9. |
- Faxén-Irving, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Effects on transthyretin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by DHA-rich n - 3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease : the OmegAD study
- 2013
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In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 36:1, s. 1-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transthyretin (TTR) binds amyloid-β (Aβ) and may reduce brain Aβ, a pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD). N - 3 fatty acids (FA), docosahexaenoic (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may increase TTR transcription in rat hippocampus. We studied effects of n - 3 FA supplementation on TTR-levels in patients with AD. Outpatients were randomized to receive 1.7 g DHA and 0.6 g EPA (n - 3/n - 3 group) or placebo (placebo/n - 3 group) during 6 months. After 6 months, all patients received n - 3 FA for another 6 months. TTR and FA were measured in plasma in all subjects, whereas TTR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was measured in a subgroup. The study was completed by 89 patients in the n - 3/n - 3 group (75 y, 57% w) and 85 in the placebo/n - 3 group (75 y, 46% w). Baseline plasma-TTR was within normal range in both groups. After 6 months, plasma-TTR decreased in the placebo/n - 3 group (p < 0.001 within and p < 0.015 between the groups). No changes were observed in CSF TTR. From 6 to 12 months when both groups were supplemented, plasma-TTR increased significantly in both groups. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated an increase in TTR over time (p = 0.04) in those receiving n - 3 FA for 12 months. By linear regression analyses, n - 3 FA treatment was independently associated with increased plasma-TTR at 6 months (β = -0.172, p = 0.028). Thus, n - 3 FA treatment appeared to increase plasma-TTR in patients with AD. Since TTR may influence Aβ deposition in the brain, the results warrant further exploration.
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| 10. |
- Faxén-Irving, Gerd, et al.
(author)
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Energy dense oleic acid rich formula to newly admitted geriatric patients - Feasibility and effects on energy intake
- 2011
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In: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 30:2, s. 202-208
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background & aims: Old patients seldom reach their energy requirements. The effects of an oleic acid rich formula on energy intake and appetite were studied. Methods: Recently admitted geriatric patients (n = 71), likely to stay > 1 week were randomised to receive 30 ml of a fat emulsion (Calogen (R)) 3 times daily, i.e., 420 kcal, at the regular medication rounds (intervention group (IG)) or to standard care (control group (CG)). Food intake and self-rated appetite were registered at baseline, i.e., 2-3 days after admission and on day 8 or the day prior to discharge. Nutritional risk screening (NRS) 2002, serum lipids and fatty acid profiles were analysed. Results: Fifty-one subjects fulfilled the study, i.e., 24 in the IG (83 +/- 7 y) and 27 controls (85 +/- 7 y). NRS showed that two thirds were at risk of malnutrition. Per-protocol analyses indicated that the daily energy intake was around 50% higher in IG compared to CG at the two measurements, respectively (p < 0.0001). The IG displayed a significantly improved appetite compared with the CG (P = 0.021). Serum lipids and fatty acid profile changed favourably by the intervention. Conclusions: An energy dense oleic acid rich liquid supplement given three times daily at medication rounds to geriatric patients may result in increased energy intake and better appetite with positive effects on serum lipids. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01042340.
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