| 1. |
- Koole, Sebastiaan, et al.
(author)
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Competence profiles in undergraduate dental education : a comparison between theory and reality
- 2017
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In: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6831. ; 17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Competence profiles are purposed to provide a blueprint in support to develop and/or benchmark the learning outcomes of undergraduate dental curricula. This study aims to investigate whether a competence profile as proposed by academic-and clinical experts is able to represent the real clinical reality. Methods: A questionnaire was developed including questions about gender and age, perception about required competences, and educational organisation and was distributed among Flemish dentists via email and on paper during a symposium. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-tests. Results: A total of 312 questionnaires were completed (= 6.5% of dentist population, with similar gender and age characteristics). All competences in the European competence profile were rated between 7.2 and 9.4 on a 10-point scale. In dentists under 50 years, females rated the importance of identifying/managing anxiety and abnormal patient behaviour; and promoting/improving oral health as significantly higher than males. In dentists of 50 years and above, females rated 8 competences significantly higher than males, including obtaining/recording a complete history; identifying/managing anxiety and abnormal patient behaviour; obtaining/interpreting radiography; identifying temporomandibular and associated disorders; identifying orthodontic needs; awareness of own limitations/when to refer; managing dental urgencies; and basic-life-support/defibrillation. Clinical practice management was most frequently reported as additional competence to address in dental education. Furthermore, the respondents suggested an undergraduate dental curriculum based on 34% theoretical education, 26% preclinical skills training, and 40% clinical education and 86% agreed with a duration of 5 years. Finally, the respondents also illustrated the dynamic nature of dentistry including a reduction of amalgam fillings, a shift from individual practice to group practices, an increased administrative load, and more assertive patients. Conclusion: Findings in the present study suggest the validation of the proposed competences for graduating European dentists within the clinical reality of dental professionals in daily practice. Nevertheless, the results have also demonstrated heterogeneity regarding gender and age within the dentist population and emphasised a continuously evolving dental profession and required competences. Hence, to maintain high quality of dental care, a strategy should be developed in which dental curricula are continuously benchmarked against an evolving clinical reality.
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| 2. |
- Madalińska-Michalak, Joanna, et al.
(author)
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Quality in teaching and teacher education : key dilemmas and implications for research, policy and practice
- 2023
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In: Quality in teaching and teacher education. - Leiden : Brill Academic Publishers. - 9789004536586 - 9789004536593 - 9789004536609 ; , s. 352-376
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this final chapter is twofold: (1) to provide a synthesis of learning on quality in teaching and teacher education based on the analyses and discussions of the fifteen chapters collected in this book, and (2) to discuss implications that have emerged for future research on quality in teaching and teacher education, policy and practice. In so doing, we ask: What do we know about quality in teaching and teacher education from the collected chapters, and how can these findings inform future research, policy and practice in these areas? In order to answer these questions, this closing chapter is divided into five main parts. In the first part, we identify and endorse a call that is present in all chapters to move beyond a reductionist notion of education. In the second part, we recognise the growing attention to teaching quality both as a blessing and a burden. In the third part, we identify seven key dilemmas that arise from the different chapters. Next we use these dilemmas to identify implications for teacher education practice, policy and research. We then conclude this chapter with some final reflections on what we have learnt in the collected chapters about reimagining and rethinking teacher education quality and the challenges ahead.
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| 3. |
- Muneer, Faraz
(author)
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Novel uses of bio-polymers in composites : from chemistry to processing of materials and food
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Plant bio-polymers obtained as industrial side-streams (wheat gluten and potato proteins) and specifically designed potato starch and hemp fibres were used to produce composite materials. Fractionated pea protein and pea dietary fibres were used to make pasta-like sheets for production of healthy food. During processing of composite materials and food, the blend composition, temperature and additives influenced protein chemistry and structure and caused physicochemical changes. These physicochemical changes in proteins and other blend components, and their interactions, influenced the functional performance of materials and food. In wheat gluten protein-hemp fibre composites, the hemp fibres contributed to increasing stiffness, while higher temperatures increased protein cross-linking and thereby the mechanical strength of the composites. In wheat gluten protein-starch blends, high processing temperature (130 compared with 110 °C) induced a high degree of protein cross-linking and increased β-sheet formation, which increased both stiffness and strength in wheat gluten-starch blends and only strength in glutenin-starch blends. The gliadins showed a hierarchical hexagonal arrangement, observed for the first time in a gliadin-starch processed composite. The wheat gluten protein-starch composites also showed low oxygen permeability suitable for packaging applications. Combining glycerol with water improved composite processability and micro-structural morphology and also increased protein cross-linking and β-sheets. This increased the strength, stiffness and extensibility of wheat gluten- and glutenin-starch composites. Hot pressing at 130 °C induced a high degree of protein cross-linking and high amount of β-sheets and improved the mechanical properties of pea protein and pea protein-fibre at 90/10 and 80/20 blends. Pasta-like sheets with higher pea fibre content showed higher water uptake and reduced cooking losses. Chemical modification of wheat gluten and potato proteins de-polymerised the proteins, and thereby making them less cross-linked. In hot-pressed materials, less cross-linked proteins re-cross-linked and increased the tensile performance for potato proteins but not for wheat gluten. Processing conditions and blend component interactions in composites and foods governed the variation in protein cross-linking, structure and mechanical performance.
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| 4. |
- Ohlsson, Jonas, 1980
(author)
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Branschstruktur
- 2014
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In: Medieutveckling 2014. - Stockholm : Myndigheten för radio och tv. - 1404-2819. - 9789198048933 ; , s. 66-95
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Spiess, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Active and inactive beta 1 integrins segregate into distinct nanoclusters in focal adhesions
- 2018
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In: Journal of Cell Biology. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0021-9525 .- 1540-8140. ; 217:6, s. 1929-1940
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Integrins are the core constituents of cell-matrix adhesion complexes such as focal adhesions (FAs) and play key roles in physiology and disease. Integrins fluctuate between active and inactive conformations, yet whether the activity state influences the spatial organization of integrins within FAs has remained unclear. In this study, we address this question and also ask whether integrin activity may be regulated either independently for each integrin molecule or through locally coordinated mechanisms. We used two distinct superresolution microscopy techniques, stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) and stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED), to visualize active versus inactive beta 1 integrins. We first reveal a spatial hierarchy of integrin organization with integrin molecules arranged in nanoclusters, which align to form linear substructures that in turn build FAs. Remarkably, within FAs, active and inactive beta 1 integrins segregate into distinct nanoclusters, with active integrin nanoclusters being more organized. This unexpected segregation indicates synchronization of integrin activities within nanoclusters, implying the existence of a coordinate mechanism of integrin activity regulation.
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| 7. |
- Spiess, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Over-Expression Analysis of All Eight Subunits of the Molecular Chaperone CCT in Mammalian Cells Reveals a Novel Function for CCTdelta
- 2015
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In: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 427:17, s. 2757-2764
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chaperonin containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 (CCT) forms a classical chaperonin barrel structure where two rings of subunits surround a central cavity. Each ring consists of eight distinct subunits, creating a complex binding interface that makes CCT unique among the chaperonins. In addition to acting as a multimeric chaperonin, there is increasing evidence indicating that the CCT subunits, when monomeric, possess additional functions. Here we assess the role of the CCT subunits individually, using a GFP (green fluorescent protein) tagging approach to express each of the subunits in their monomeric form in cultured mammalian cells. Over-expression of CCTdelta, but not the other seven CCT subunits, results in the appearance of numerous protrusions at the cell surface. Two point mutations, one in the apical domain and one in the ATP binding pocket of CCTdelta, that abolish protrusion formation have been identified, consistent with the apical domain containing a novel interaction site that is influenced by the ATPase activity in the equatorial domain. Structured illumination microscopy, together with sub-cellular fractionation, reveals that only the wild-type CCTdelta is associated with the plasma membrane, thus connecting spatial organization with surface protrusion formation. Expression of the equivalent subunit in yeast, GFP-Cct4, rescues growth of the temperature-sensitive strain cct4-1 at the non-permissive temperature, indicative of conserved subunit-specific activities for CCTdelta. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-ncV4.0/).
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Antipov, Sergey V., 1986, et al.
(author)
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Spin-orbit and rotational couplings in radiative association of C((3)P) and N((4)S) atoms.
- 2011
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In: The Journal of chemical physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 1089-7690 .- 0021-9606. ; 135:18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The role of spin-orbit and rotational couplings in radiative association of C((3)P) and N((4)S) atoms is investigated. Couplings among doublet electronic states of the CN radical are considered, giving rise to a 6-state model of the process. The solution of the dynamical problem is based on the L(2) method, where a complex absorbing potential is added to the Hamiltonian operator in order to treat continuum and bound levels in the same manner. Comparison of the energy-dependent rate coefficients calculated with and without spin-orbit and rotational couplings shows that the couplings have a strong effect on the resonance structure and low-energy baseline of the rate coefficient.
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| 10. |
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