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- Forssell, Urban, et al.
(author)
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Efficiency of Prediction Error and Instrumental Variable Methods for Closed-loop Identification
- 1998
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In: Proceedings of the 37th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 0780343948 ; , s. 1287-1288 vol.2
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We study the efficiency of a number of closed-loop identification methods. Results will be given for methods based on the prediction error approach as well as those based on the instrumental variable approach. Moreover, interesting insights in the properties of a recently suggested subspace method for closed-loop identification are obtained by exploring the links between this method and the instrumental variable method.
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- Koppal, Sandeep, et al.
(author)
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Quantitative fat and R2* mapping in vivo to measure lipid-rich necrotic core and intraplaque hemorrhage in carotid atherosclerosis
- 2017
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In: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0740-3194 .- 1522-2594. ; 78:1, s. 285-296
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this work was to quantify the extent of lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) in atherosclerotic plaques. Methods: Patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent four-point Dixon and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 Tesla. Fat and R2* maps were generated from the Dixon sequence at the acquired spatial resolution of 0.60×0.60×0.70mm voxel size. MRI and three-dimensional (3D) histology volumes of plaques were registered. The registration matrix was applied to segmentations denoting LRNC and IPH in 3D histology to split plaque volumes in regions with and without LRNC and IPH. Results: Five patients were included. Regarding volumes of LRNC identified by 3D histology, the average fat fraction by MRI was significantly higher inside LRNC than outside: 12.64±0.2737% versus 9.294±0.1762% (mean±standard error of the mean [SEM]; P<0.001). The same was true for IPH identified by 3D histology, R2* inside versus outside IPH was: 71.81±1.276 s-1 versus 56.94±0.9095 s-1 (mean±SEM; P<0.001). There was a strong correlation between the cumulative fat and the volume of LRNC from 3D histology (R2=0.92) as well as between cumulative R2* and IPH (R2=0.94). Conclusion: Quantitative mapping of fat and R2* from Dixon MRI reliably quantifies the extent of LRNC and IPH.
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- Li, Wei, et al.
(author)
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Overexpression of transferrin receptor and ferritin related to clinical symptoms and destabilization of human carotid plaques
- 2008
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In: Experimental biology and medicine. - 1535-3702 .- 1535-3699. ; 233:7, s. 818-826
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Accumulation of tissue iron has been implicated in development of atherosclerotic lesions mainly because of increased iron-catalyzed oxidative injury. However, it remains unknown whether cellular iron import and storage in human atheroma are related to human atheroma development. We found that transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), a major iron importer, is highly expressed in foamy macrophages and some smooth muscle cells in intimal lesions of human carotid atheroma, mainly in cytoplasmic accumulation patterns. In 52 human carotid atherosclerotic lesions, TfR1 expression was positively correlated with macrophage infiltration, ectopic lysosomal cathepsin L, and ferritin expression. Highly expressed TfR1 and ferritin in CD68-positive macrophages were significantly associated with development and severity of human carotid plaques, smoking, and patient's symptoms. The findings suggest that pathologic macrophage iron metabolism may contribute to vulnerability of human atheroma, established risk factors, and their clinical symptoms. The cytoplasmic overexpression of TfR1 may be the result of lysosomal dysfunction and ectopic accumulation of lysosomal cathepsin I caused by atheroma-relevant lipids in atherogenesis. Copyright © 2008 by the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
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