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| 2. |
- Bagchi, Sonchita, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Probable role for major facilitator superfamily domain containing 6 (MFSD6) in the brain during variable energy consumption
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 130:5, s. 476-489
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is known as the largest and most diverse superfamily containing human transporters, and these transporters are essential as they sustain the homeostasis within cellular compartments by moving substances over lipid membranes.Methods: We have identified a novel MFS protein, named Major facilitator superfamily domain containing 6 (MFSD6), and confirmed that it is phylogenetically related to the human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporter family. A homology model of MFSD6 revealed 12 predicted transmembrane segments (TMS) with the classical MFS fold between TMS 6 and 7.Results: Immunohistological analyses showed specific MFSD6 staining in neurons of wildtype mouse brain tissue, but no expression in astrocytes. Furthermore, we explored expression and probable function(s) of MFSD6 in relation to its phylogenetically related proteins, major facilitator superfamily domain containing 8 (MFSD8) and 10 (MFSD10), which is of interest as both these proteins are involved in diseases.Conclusions: We showed that expression levels of Mfsd6 and Mfsd10 were decreased with elevated or depleted energy consumption, while that of Mfsd8 remained unaffected.
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| 3. |
- Ceder, Mikaela M., et al.
(author)
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CG4928 is vital for renal function in fruit flies and membrane potential in cells : A first in-depth characterization of the putative Solute Carrier UNC93A
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-634X. ; 8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The number of transporter proteins that are not fully characterized is immense. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster and human cell lines to perform a first in-depth characterization of CG4928, an ortholog to the human UNC93A, of which little is known. Solute carriers regulate and maintain biochemical pathways important for the body, and malfunctioning transport is associated with multiple diseases. Based on phylogenetic analysis, CG4928 is closely related to human UNC93A and has a secondary and a tertiary protein structure and folding similar to major facilitator superfamily transporters. Ubiquitous knockdown of CG4928 causes flies to have a reduced secretion rate from the Malpighian tubules; altering potassium content in the body and in the Malpighian tubules, homologous to the renal system; and results in the development of edema. The edema could be rescued by using amiloride, a common diuretic, and by maintaining the flies on ion-free diets. CG4928-overexpressing cells did not facilitate the transport of sugars and amino acids; however, proximity ligation assay revealed that CG4928 co-localized with TASK(1) channels. Overexpression of CG4928 resulted in induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity, which could be restored when cells were kept in high-sodium media. Furthermore, the basal membrane potential was observed to be disrupted. Taken together, the results indicate that CG4928 is of importance for generating the cellular membrane potential by an unknown manner. However, we speculate that it most likely acts as a regulator or transporter of potassium flows over the membrane.
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| 4. |
- Ceder, Mikaela M., et al.
(author)
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The Fly Homologue of MFSD11 Is Possibly Linked to Nutrient Homeostasis and Has a Potential Role in Locomotion : A First Characterization of the Atypical Solute Carrier CG18549 in Drosophila Melanogaster
- 2021
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In: Insects. - : MDPI. - 2075-4450. ; 12:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cellular transport and function are dependent on substrate influx and efflux of various compounds. In humans, the largest superfamily of transporters is the SoLute Carriers (SLCs). Many transporters are orphans and little to nothing is known about their expression and/or function, yet they have been assigned to a cluster called atypical SLCs. One of these atypical SLCs is MFSD11. Here we present a first in-depth characterization of the MFSD11, CG18549. By gene expression and behavior analysis on ubiquitous and brain-specific knockdown flies. CG18549 knockdown flies were found to have altered adipokinetic hormone and adipokinteic hormone receptor expression as well as reduced vesicular monoamine transporter expression; to exhibit an altered locomotor behavior, and to have an altered reaction to stress stimuli. Furthermore, the gene expression of CG18549 in the brain was visualized and abundant expression in both the larvae and adult brain was observed, a result that is coherent with the FlyAtlas Anatomy microarray. The exact mechanism behind the observed behaviors is not fully understood, but this study provides new insights into the expression and function of CG18549. Clearly, these results provide a strong example as to why it is vital to fully characterize orphan transporters and through that gain knowledge about the body during normal condition and disease.
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| 5. |
- Ceder, Mikaela, et al.
(author)
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The Neuronal and Peripheral Expressed Membrane-Bound UNC93A Respond to Nutrient Availability in Mice
- 2017
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In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1662-5099. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many transporters such as the solute carriers belonging to the Major facilitator superfamily Pfam clan are orphans in that their tissue and cellular localization as well as substrate profile and function are still unknown. Here we have characterized the putative solute carrier UNC93A. We aimed to investigate the expression profile on both protein and mRNA level of UNC93A in mouse since it has not been clarified. UNC93A staining was found in cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. It was found to be expressed in many neurons, but not all, with staining located in close proximity to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, we aimed to extend the starvation data available for Unc93a in hypothalamic cell cultures from mouse. We investigated the Unc93a alterations with focus on amino acid deprivation in embryonic cortex cells from mice as well as 24 h starvation in adult male mice and compared it to recently studied putative and known solute carriers. Unc93a expression was found both in the brain and peripheral organs, in low to moderate levels in the adult mice and was affected by amino acid deprivation in embryonic cortex cultures and starvation in in vivo samples. In conclusion, the membrane-bound UNC93A is expressed in both the brain and peripheral tissues and responds to nutrient availability in mice.
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| 6. |
- Fredriksson, Emelie
(author)
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Decadal effects of forest fire on biodiversity and browsing : a comparison between wildfire and prescribed burning
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The role of fire as a natural disturbance in northern European boreal ecosystems has largely disappeared due to effective fire suppression with large consequences for fire-associated biodiversity. Recently, prescribed burns have been introduced as a conservation action that aims to promote biodiversity. Not only fire regimes but also wildlife densities have been heavily impacted by human activities. Forest fires can result in pervasive changes with early successional forest stages, large amounts of deciduous trees, and newly formed deadwood, habitats which are largely missing in the managed boreal landscape. In this thesis, I evaluate decadal post-burn effects on community composition of wood-inhabiting polypores, beetles, bird and mammal species, vegetation differences, and moose browsing levels. I compare three unusually large wildfires in northernmost Sweden with nearby unburnt forests and five prescribed burns. I found differences in community composition among all taxa a decade after burning and a distinct turnover of beetles the years immediately postburn. No wildlife species had higher visitation frequency in the wildfire areas, suggesting that burnt areas did not necessarily add much habitat in a landscape already dominated by early successional forest stages. Unburnt forests were also important for red-listed polypores, reindeer, and western capercaillie. However, wildfire, in contrast to prescribed burning, did provide large amounts of deadwood and rich field layer vegetation impacting biodiversity and functional trait composition of beetles and polypores and changing moose forage availability and browsing levels. Thus, for prescribed burning to mimic wildfire and better emulate wildfire impacts of biodiversity, I emphasise the importance of higher tree mortality.
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| 7. |
- Fredriksson, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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Produktionsnedsättning i törskateangripen gallringsskog : En ekonomisk analys i Heureka
- 2023
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I syfte att belysa de ekonomiska konsekvenser som en enskild skogsägare kan drabbas av vid omfattande törskateangrepp startade Skogforsk 2022 en riktad studie i sju gallringsbestånd i Norr- och Västerbotten. Genom att utnyttja delar av redan etablerade försökslokaler i det pågående projektet ”Demoförsök Törskate” kunde lämpliga gallringsbestånd snabbt lokaliseras och inkluderas i studien. Under hösten 2022 inventerades törskateangrepp på samtliga huvud- och bistammar i försökslokalerna. För att få en heltäckande bild av skadeläget inkluderades även liggande och stående törskatedödade stammar i inventeringen. Dessa inventeringsdata användes sedan för att modellera de ekonomiska konsekvenserna av törskateangrepp fram till slutavverkning i simuleringsverktyget Heureka. I simuleringarna testades olika scenarier för avgång och hantering av törskateinfekterade tallar samt för olika klassningar av de infekterade stammarnas ekonomiska värde. Projektet finansierades av Skogsstyrelsen.
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| 8. |
- Fredriksson, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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Wildfire and prescribed burning impact moose forage availability and browsing levels in the northern boreal forest
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 38, s. 58-69
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fire regimes and herbivore densities have in parts of the boreal been heavily impacted by human activities with consequences for vegetation, forage supply and ungulate use. In this study, we evaluate the effects of natural wildfires and prescribed burning on moose forage availability, use, and browsing in northern Sweden. We studied three wildfire locations, adjacent controls, and five prescribed burns 12 years after fire. To compare forage availability and browsing levels we combined related variables with Principal Component Analyses and used the first axis in a regression analysis. The wildfire locations had a different composition of forage compared with the controls with less forage in the field layer and more woody browse and deciduous saplings. Forage availability was best explained by the occurrence of fire and differed between wildfire and the unburned control areas. Browsing levels were higher in wildfire locations compared with unburned controls. Prescribed burns varied substantially and could resemble both unburnt control and wildfire in terms of forage availability and browsing. We conclude that prescribed burning as a restoration action potentially can improve forage availability, particularly of deciduous species, if they mimic the impact of wildfires in terms of larger area burned and high fire severity.
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| 9. |
- Fredriksson, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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Wildfire yields a distinct turnover of the beetle community in a semi-natural pine forest in northern Sweden
- 2020
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In: Ecological processes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2192-1709. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Fires have been an important natural disturbance and pervasive evolutionary force in the boreal biome. Yet, fire suppression has made forest fires rare in the managed landscapes in Fennoscandia, causing significant habitat loss for saproxylic species such as polypores and insects. To better understand how the beetle community changes (species turnover) after a wildfire in a landscape with intense fire suppression, we monitored beetles with flight intercept traps the first 3 years as well as 12 years after a large wildfire in a national park in northern Sweden (a control/unburnt area was set up for the last year of sampling). Results Species composition changed significantly among all studied years with a continuous turnover of species following the wildfire. The indicator species analysis showed that year 1 post-fire was mostly associated with cambium consumers and also the pyrophilous speciesBatrisodes hubenthali. Year 2 was the most abundant and species-rich year, withTomicus piniperdaas the most important indicator species. The indicator species year 3 were mostly secondary successional species, fungivores, and predators and were characterized by lower species diversity. Year 12 had higher diversity compared with year 3 but lower species richness and abundance. A control area was established during year 12 post-fire, and our analyses showed that the control area and burned area differed in species composition suggesting that the beetle community needs longer than 12 years to recover even after a low-intensive ground fire. Conclusion The wildfire area hosted several red-listed and fire-dependent species suggesting that after a century of landscape-level fire suppression in a semi-natural area, the reintroduction of fire benefits rare and pyrophilous species and still impacts species composition after 12 years. This study implies that fire has long-lasting effects on high latitudes and that prescribed burning has the potential to benefit biodiversity over decades in these landscapes while also highlighting the value of considering the whole species community and not only monitoring abundance and richness to assess biodiversity after management actions.
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