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| 2. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Hashim, Ahmed, et al.
(author)
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Pattern of novel psychoactive substance use among patients presented to the poison control centre of Ain Shams University Hospitals, Egypt : A cross-sectional study
- 2022
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In: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 8:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) are relatively new substances in the illicit drug market, notpreviously listed in the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDOC). Strox and Voodoo are consideredsome of the most popular blends of NPS in the Egyptian drug market.Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess NPS's use pattern: Voodoo and Strox among acutelyintoxicated patients presented to the poison control center of Ain Shams University Hospitals (PCC- ASUH).Methods: A single center based cross-sectional study was carried out in the PCC-ASUH among acutely intoxicatedpatients presenting to the emergency department (ED) over four months (from January–April 2019. using apreviously adopted and validated Fahmy and El-Sherbini socioeconomic scale (SES). Data were presented asmean, median and range as appropriate. Both smoking and crowding indexes were calculated and presented aspreviously reported.Results: Fifty-one patients were presented to the ED of PCC-ASUH during the study period. A total of 96.1% (n ¼49) were males. The mean age was 25 7.5 years. The most common NPS used was Strox: 54.9% (n ¼ 28),followed by Voodoo: 27.4% (n ¼ 14). Neurological and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were the most frequentpresentations. The most common motive behind NPS use was the desire to give a trial of new psychoactivesubstances. The mean SES score was 35.1 13.17. Most patients have the preparatory as the highest education36.0% (n ¼ 18).Conclusions: NPS use is common among young males in preparatory education from different social classes,starting it most commonly as a means to experiencing a new high. Neurological and GI manifestations are themost common presenting symptoms of NPS intoxication.
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| 5. |
- Amin, Md. Nurul, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans L.) Tolerant Potato Varieties for Northern Bangladesh
- 2023
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In: Gesunde Pflanzen. - : Springer. - 0367-4223 .- 1439-0345. ; 75:6, s. 2269-2279
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The precarious potato disease known as late blight (LB), which is brought on by Phytophthora infestans, quickly decimates crops and economically detriment growers. The pathogen prefers relatively cold temperatures and that usually prevails in northern Bangladesh. To decrease the number of fungicide sprays with the changing climate, it is necessary to identify potato varieties that are most resistant to late blight. This study aims to assess the growth and production performance of late blight-tolerant potato varieties in the northern part of Bangladesh. The field study was conducted in the crop-growing years of 2017-18 and 2018-19. In this study, three exotic potato varieties [(BARI Alu-90 (Alouette), BARI Alu-91 (Carolus), and BARI Alu-77 (Sarpomira)] and two check varieties [BARI Alu-8 (Cardinal) and BARI Alu-25 (Asterix)] were used. Compared with the two cultivated varieties BARI Alu-8 (Cardinal) and BARI Alu-25 (Asterix), the BARI Alu-90 (Alouette) with the highest level of late blight resistance based on AUDPC scoring (late blight estimated mean value of 5.9). The result showed that the majority of the evaluated variety BARI Alu-90 (Alouette) and BARI Alu-91 (Carolus) were highly resistant and BARI Alu-77 (Sarpomira) is moderately resistant. In contrast, the check varieties were susceptible to late blight. The yield and shelf life (or storage) quality of BARI Alu-90 (Alouette) was also good compared with the other varieties. Considering the yield, yield contributing characters, shelf-life data and disease resistance level BARI Alu-90 (Alouette) can be grown in northern Bangladesh without chemical protection.
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| 6. |
- El-sagheir, Ahmed M. Kamal, et al.
(author)
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Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, Biological Activity, and Mechanism of Action of Novel Amino Acid Derivatives of Norfloxacin
- 2023
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In: ACS Omega. - 2470-1343. ; 8:45, s. 43271-43284
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two series of N4-substituted piperazinyl amino acid derivatives of norfloxacin (24 new compounds) were designed and synthesized to attain structural surrogates with additional binding sites and enhanced antibacterial activity. Synthesized derivatives showed increased antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity compared to their lead structure, norfloxacin. Molecular modeling studies supported the notion that the derivatives can establish additional bonds with the target enzymes gyrase and topoisomerase IV. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays confirmed that the tested compounds were significant inhibitors of these enzymes. Inhibition of gyrase and topoisomerase IV was then confirmed in living bacterial cells using bacterial cytological profiling of both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, revealing a typical topoisomerase inhibition phenotype characterized by severe nucleoid packing defects. Several derivatives exhibited additional effects on the Gram-positive cell wall synthesis machinery and/or the cytoplasmic membrane, which likely contributed to their increased antibacterial activity. While we could not identify specific cell wall or membrane targets, membrane depolarization was not observed. Our experiments further suggest that cell wall synthesis inhibition most likely occurs outside the membrane-bound lipid II cycle.
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| 7. |
- El-sagheir, Ahmed M. Kamal, et al.
(author)
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Rational design, synthesis, molecular modeling, biological activity, and mechanism of action of polypharmacological norfloxacin hydroxamic acid derivatives
- 2023
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In: RSC Medicinal Chemistry. - 2632-8682. ; 14:12, s. 2593-2610
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that target gyrase and topoisomerase IV, involved in DNA compaction and segregation. We synthesized 28 novel norfloxacin hydroxamic acid derivatives with additional metal-chelating and hydrophobic pharmacophores, designed to enable interactions with additional drug targets. Several compounds showed equal or better activity than norfloxacin against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and mycobacteria, with MICs as low as 0.18 mu M. The most interesting derivatives were selected for in silico, in vitro, and in vivo mode of action studies. Molecular docking, enzyme inhibition, and bacterial cytological profiling confirmed inhibition of gyrase and topoisomerase IV for all except two tested derivatives (10f and 11f). Further phenotypic analysis revealed polypharmacological effects on peptidoglycan synthesis for four derivatives (16a, 17a, 17b, 20b). Interestingly, compounds 17a, 17b, and 20b, showed never seen before effects on cell wall synthetic enzymes, including MreB, MurG, and PonA, suggesting a novel mechanism of action, possibly impairing the lipid II cycle. Addition of metal-chelating and lipophilic groups to norfloxacin yielded dual-action compounds inhibiting DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV and bacterial cell wall synthesis.
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| 8. |
- Elrasoul, Ahmed Shaaban Abd, et al.
(author)
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Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Azolla pinnata Ethanolic Extract against Lead-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
- 2020
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In: Antioxidants. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3921. ; 9:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current study investigated the protective potential of Azolla pinnate ethanolic extract (APE) against lead-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixty male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into six groups (n = 10). The control group was orally administrated with saline. The second group received lead acetate (100 mg/kg body weight (BW) orally for 60 days). The third group was fed with APE (10 mg/kg BW orally for 60 days). The fourth group was administrated with lead acetate like the second group and APE like the third group, concomitantly, for 60 days. The fifth group was administrated with APE like the third group for 30 days, then orally administrated with the lead acetate like the second group for another 30 days. The sixth group was administrated with lead acetate like the second group for 30 days, then with APE like the third group for a further 30 days. Phytochemical analysis of APE indicated the presence of peonidin 3-O-glucoside cation, vitexin, rutin, thiamine, choline, tamarixetin, hyperoside, astragalin, and quercetin. The latter has been elucidated using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS). Lead acetate increased the serum levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and that of urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 1β, hepatic tissue malondialdehyde contents, and caspase 3 protein expression, as well as altering the hepatic tissue architecture. However, it decreased the serum levels of interleukin 10 and glutathione (GSH) contents, and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in hepatic tissue. In contrast, the administration of APE ameliorated the lead-induced alterations in liver function and structure, exemplifying the benefits of Azolla’s phytochemical contents. Collectively, A. pinnate extract is a protective and curative agent against lead-induced hepatotoxicity via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic impacts.
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| 9. |
- Kamal El-Sagheir, Ahmed M., et al.
(author)
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N4-Substituted Piperazinyl Norfloxacin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Multiple Mechanisms on Gyrase, Topoisomerase IV, and Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
- 2023
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In: ACS Bio and Med Chem Au. - 2694-2437. ; 3:6, s. 494-506
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antitubercular activity. Here, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of 38 N4-substituted piperazinyl norfloxacin derivatives. Their activity and mechanism of action were characterized using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Several compounds displayed interesting activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and few displayed antimycobacterial activity, whereby some were as potent as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Molecular docking experiments suggested that the new derivatives inhibit both DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV in a similar manner as norfloxacin. Selecting the most promising candidates for experimental mode of action analysis, we confirmed DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV as targets of all tested compounds using enzymatic in vitro assays. Phenotypic analysis of both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis confirmed a typical gyrase inhibition phenotype for all of the tested compounds. Assessment of possible additional targets revealed three compounds with unique effects on the B. subtilis cell wall synthesis machinery, suggesting that they may have an additional target in this pathway. Comparison with known cell wall synthesis inhibitors showed that the new compounds elicit a distinct and, so far, unique phenotype, suggesting that they act differently from known cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Interestingly, our phenotypic analysis revealed that both norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin displayed additional cellular effects as well, which may be indicative of the so far unknown additional mechanisms of fluoroquinolones.
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| 10. |
- Abd El-Gaber, Amira S., et al.
(author)
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Microwave Extraction of Essential Oil from Anastatica hierochuntica (L) : Comparison with Conventional Hydro-Distillation and Steam Distillation
- 2018
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In: Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants (JEOBP). - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0972-060X .- 0976-5026. ; 21:4, s. 1003-1010
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article stands to introduce microwave assisted extraction (MAE) as a more effective method for extraction of Anastatica hierochuntica (L) essential oils (EOs) compared to traditional hydrodistillation (HD) and steam distillation (SD) methods. Analysis of EOs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) showed significant differences in the constituents and percentages of the obtained oils. Using MAE and HD obtained oxygenated monoterpenes 50.79 % whereas SD obtained sesquiterpene hydrocarbons 79.84 % as major contents of the extracted oils. This is the first report of EO composition of the aerials parts of A. heirochunatica. It offered several advantages of MAE technique as a green method with shorter extraction time (60 min) and better yield.
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