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- Hyde, K. D., et al.
(author)
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Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa
- 2023
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In: MYCOSPHERE. - : Mushroom Research Foundation. - 2077-7000 .- 2077-7019. ; 14:1, s. 1960-2012
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, 'to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation', or 'are there too many genera in the Boletales?' and even more importantly, 'what should be done with the tremendously diverse 'dark fungal taxa?' There are undeniable differences in mycologists' perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others' work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines.
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- Mayer, Manuel, et al.
(author)
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Constraints on particle acceleration in SS433/W50 from MAGIC and HESS observations
- 2018
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 612
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context. The large jet kinetic power and non-thermal processes occurring in the microquasar SS 433 make this source a good candidate for a very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitter. Gamma-ray fluxes above the sensitivity limits of current Cherenkov telescopes have been predicted for both the central X-ray binary system and the interaction regions of SS 433 jets with the surrounding W50 nebula. Non-thermal emission at lower energies has been previously reported, indicating that efficient particle acceleration is taking place in the system. Aims. We explore the capability of SS 433 to emit VHE gamma rays during periods in which the expected flux attenuation due to periodic eclipses (P-orb similar to 13.1 days) and precession of the circumstellar disk (P-pre similar to 162 days) periodically covering the central binary system is expected to be at its minimum. The eastern and western SS 433/W50 interaction regions are also examined using the whole data set available. We aim to constrain some theoretical models previously developed for this system with our observations. Methods. We made use of dedicated observations from the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC) and High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of SS 433 taken from 2006 to 2011. These observation were combined for the first time and accounted for a total effective observation time of 16.5 h, which were scheduled considering the expected phases of minimum absorption of the putative VHE emission. Gamma-ray attenuation does not affect the jet/medium interaction regions. In this case, the analysis of a larger data set amounting to similar to 40-80 h, depending on the region, was employed. Results. No evidence of VHE gamma-ray emission either from the central binary system or from the eastern/western interaction regions was found. Upper limits were computed for the combined data set. Differential fluxes from the central system are found to be less than or similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1) in an energy interval ranging from similar to few x 100 GeV to similar to few TeV. Integral flux limits down to similar to 10(-12)-10(-13) ph cm(-2) s(-1) and similar to 10(-13)-10(-14) ph cm(-2) s(-1) are obtained at 300 and 800 GeV, respectively. Our results are used to place constraints on the particle acceleration fraction at the inner jet regions and on the physics of the jet/medium interactions. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the fraction of the jet kinetic power that is transferred to relativistic protons must be relatively small in SS 433, q(p) <= 2.5 x 10(-5), to explain the lack of TeV and neutrino emission from the central system. At the SS 433/W50 interface, the presence of magnetic fields greater than or similar to 10 mu G is derived assuming a synchrotron origin for the observed X-ray emission. This also implies the presence of high-energy electrons with E-e up to 50 TeV, preventing an efficient production of gamma-ray fluxes in these interaction regions.
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- Giannobile, W. V., et al.
(author)
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Biological factors involved in alveolar bone regeneration Consensus report of Working Group 1 of the 15(th) European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration
- 2019
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In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46, s. 6-11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Aims To describe the biology of alveolar bone regeneration. Material and Methods Four comprehensive reviews were performed on (a) mesenchymal cells and differentiation factors leading to bone formation; (b) the critical interplay between bone resorbing and formative cells; (c) the role of osteoimmunology in the formation and maintenance of alveolar bone; and (d) the self-regenerative capacity following bone injury or tooth extraction were prepared prior to the workshop. Results and Conclusions This summary information adds to the fuller understanding of the alveolar bone regenerative response with implications to reconstructive procedures for patient oral rehabilitation. The group collectively formulated and addressed critical questions based on each of the reviews in this consensus report to advance the field. The report concludes with identified areas of future research.
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- Bressan, E., et al.
(author)
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Influence of soft tissue thickness on marginal bone level around dental implants: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial-sequential analysis
- 2023
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In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 34:5, s. 405-414
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectivesThe aim of the present review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the influence of soft tissue thickness on initial bone remodeling after implant installation. Materials and MethodsA literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers on electronic databases up to May 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) performed on human subjects were included. The risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA) were performed on the selected articles. The primary outcome was marginal bone loss. ResultsAfter screening, 6 studies were included in the final analysis, with a total of 354 implants, and a follow-up from 10 to 14 months. 194 implants were placed in a >= 2 mm soft tissue thickness, while 160 had <2 mm soft tissue thickness before implant placement. The included studies had a high level of heterogeneity (I-2 > 50%). The meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups (0.54; p = .027) and the TSA analysis confirmed the results, despite the limited number of dental implants. Additional analysis showed that age and follow-up parameters were not statistically significant factors influencing the bone loss (p = .22 and p = .16, respectively). ConclusionsBased on the available RCTS and CCTs, initial soft tissue thickness seems to influence marginal bone loss after a short follow-up period. Based on TSA analysis, further studies are needed to assess the influence of the soft tissue thickness on marginal bone loss.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021235324.
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- Galindo-Moreno, Pablo, et al.
(author)
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Clinical and radiographic evaluation of early loaded narrow diameter implants - 1-year follow-up
- 2012
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In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 23:5, s. 609-616
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of Astra Tech OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S implants using one‐stage surgical procedure and early loading in the anterior region. Material and methods: This is a prospective, single arm, multi‐centre study. Patients missing teeth at positions 12, 22 and 32–42 were eligible to enter the study. The implants (OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S) used in the study were of 3 mm diameter and of different lengths. One‐stage surgery was performed, and healing abutments were used during the 6–10 weeks healing period. Clinical and radiographic examinations were assessed at implant installation, loading and at the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up visits. Results: Ninety‐seven implants were placed in 69 patients at six different study centres in Denmark, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The survival rate was 95.9%. No implants have been lost after loading (100% survival rate after loading). Mean marginal bone loss 1 year after installation was 0.065 mm (SD = 1.018). The frequency of bone loss ≥1 mm was 6.6% and 51.3% of the implants demonstrated no bone loss or even bone gain from the surgical visit to the first year follow‐up visit. Mean probing pocket depth and gingival zenith score were stable from crown placement to the 6‐ and 1‐year follow‐up visits. Conclusion: Treatment with OsseoSpeed™ TX 3.0S implants is a safe and predictable option in the anterior region where physical space is limited. Minimal marginal bone loss was observed during the first year follow‐up.
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