| 1. |
- Duraisamy, Murugesan, et al.
(author)
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Novel ruthenium-doped vanadium carbide/polymeric nanohybrid sensor for acetaminophen drug detection in human blood
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. - 0141-8130 .- 1879-0003. ; 244
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of advanced electroactive catalysts enhances the performance of electrochemical biosensors in real-time biomonitoring and has received much attention owing to its excellent physicochemical and electrochemical possessions. In this work, a novel biosensor was developed based on the electrocatalytic activity of functionalized vanadium carbide (VC) material, including VC@ruthenium (Ru), VC@Ru-polyaniline nanoparticles (VC@Ru-PANI-NPs) as non-enzymatic nanocarriers for the fabrication of modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) to detect acetaminophen in human blood. As-prepared materials were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. Biosensing was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques and has revealed imperative electrocatalytic activity. A quasi-reversible redox method of the over-potential of acetaminophen increased considerably compared with that at the modified electrode and the bare SPE. The excellent electrocatalytic behaviour of VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE is attributed to its distinctive chemical and physical properties, including rapid electron transfer, striking ᴫ-ᴫ interface, and strong adsorptive capability. This electrochemical biosensor exhibits a detection limit of 0.024 μM, in a linear range of 0.1–382.72 μM with a reproducibility of 2.45 % relative standard deviation, and a good recovery from 96.69 % to 105.59 %, the acquired results ensure a better performance compared with previous reports. The enriched electrocatalytic activity of this developed biosensor is mainly credited to its high surface area, better electrical conductivity, synergistic effect, and abundant electroactive sites. The real-world utility of the VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE-based sensor was ensured via the investigation of biomonitoring of acetaminophen in human blood samples with satisfactory recoveries.
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| 2. |
- Elancheziyan, Mari, et al.
(author)
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Eco-friendly fabrication of nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor based on cobalt/polymelamine/nitrogen-doped graphitic-porous carbon nanohybrid material for glucose monitoring in human blood
- 2023
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In: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 223
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The design and development of eco-friendly fabrication of cost-effective electrochemical nonenzymatic biosensors with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity are one of the emerging area in nanomaterial and analytical chemistry. In this aspect, we developed a facile fabrication of tertiary nanocomposite material based on cobalt and polymelamine/nitrogen-doped graphitic porous carbon nanohybrid composite (Co-PM-NDGPC/SPE) for the application as a nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor to quantify glucose in human blood samples. Co-PM-NDGPC/SPE nanocomposite electrode fabrication was achieved using a single-step electrodeposition method under cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique under 1 M NH4Cl solution at 20 constitutive CV cycles (sweep rate 20 mV/s). Notably, the fabricated nonenzymatic electroactive nanocomposite material exhibited excellent electrocatalytic sensing towards the quantification of glucose in 0.1 M NaOH over a wide concentration range from 0.03 to 1.071 mM with a sensitive limit of detection 7.8 μM. Moreover, the Co-PM-NDGPC nanocomposite electrode with low charge transfer resistance (Rct∼81 Ω) and high ionic diffusion indicates excellent stability, reproducibility, and high sensitivity. The fabricated nanocomposite materials exhibit a commendable sensing response toward glucose molecules present in the blood serum samples recommends its usage in real-time applications.
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| 3. |
- Ganesan, Sivarasan, et al.
(author)
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Preparation and Characterization of Salsalate-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles : In Vitro Release and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity
- 2022
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In: Marine Drugs. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-3397. ; 20:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The controlled-release characteristic of drug delivery systems is utilized to increase the residence time of therapeutic agents in the human body. This study aimed to formulate and characterize salsalate (SSL)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) prepared using the ionic gelation method and to assess their in vitro release and antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. The optimized CSNPs and CSNP-SSL formulation were characterized for particle size (156.4 +/- 12.7 nm and 132.8 +/- 17.4 nm), polydispersity index (0.489 +/- 0.011 and 0.236 +/- 132 0.021), zeta potential (68 +/- 16 mV and 37 +/- 11 mV), and entrapment efficiency (68.9 +/- 2.14%). Physicochemical features of these nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction pattern. Scanning electron microscopy studies indicated that CSNPs and CSNP-SSL were spherical in shape with a smooth surface and their particle size ranged between 200 and 500 nm. In vitro release profiles of the optimized formulations showed an initial burst followed by slow and sustained drug release after 18 h (64.2 +/- 3.2%) and 48 h (84.6 +/- 4.23%), respectively. Additionally, the CSNPs and CSNP-SSL nanoparticles showed a sustained antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus (15.7 +/- 0.1 and 19.1 +/- 1.2 mm) and Escherichia coli (17.5 +/- 0.8 and 21.6 +/- 1.7 243 mm). Interestingly, CSNP-SSL showed better capability (89.4 +/- 1.2% and 95.8 +/- 0.7%) than did CSNPs in inhibiting antibiofilm production by Enterobacter tabaci (E2) and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae (SC3). Therefore, CSNPs are a promising dosage form for sustained drug delivery and enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of SSL; these results could be translated into increased patient compliance.
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