| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(author)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Tobias, Deirdre K, et al.
(author)
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Second international consensus report on gaps and opportunities for the clinical translation of precision diabetes medicine
- 2023
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In: Nature Medicine. - 1546-170X. ; 29:10, s. 2438-2457
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Precision medicine is part of the logical evolution of contemporary evidence-based medicine that seeks to reduce errors and optimize outcomes when making medical decisions and health recommendations. Diabetes affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, many of whom will develop life-threatening complications and die prematurely. Precision medicine can potentially address this enormous problem by accounting for heterogeneity in the etiology, clinical presentation and pathogenesis of common forms of diabetes and risks of complications. This second international consensus report on precision diabetes medicine summarizes the findings from a systematic evidence review across the key pillars of precision medicine (prevention, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis) in four recognized forms of diabetes (monogenic, gestational, type 1, type 2). These reviews address key questions about the translation of precision medicine research into practice. Although not complete, owing to the vast literature on this topic, they revealed opportunities for the immediate or near-term clinical implementation of precision diabetes medicine; furthermore, we expose important gaps in knowledge, focusing on the need to obtain new clinically relevant evidence. Gaps include the need for common standards for clinical readiness, including consideration of cost-effectiveness, health equity, predictive accuracy, liability and accessibility. Key milestones are outlined for the broad clinical implementation of precision diabetes medicine.
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| 3. |
- Andrews, B. J., et al.
(author)
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Quantitative human cell encyclopedia
- 2016
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In: Science Signaling. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1945-0877 .- 1937-9145. ; 9:443
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scientists gathered to discuss the necessity, feasibility, and challenges of generating a quantitative catalog of the components in human cells that is essential for our understanding of human physiology in health and disease and to support future breakthroughs in treating diseases. This report summarizes the discussion that emerged at the Human Quantitative Dynamics Workshop held in Bethesda, MD, USA, in December 2015.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Henelius, Patrik, et al.
(author)
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Refrustration and competing orders in the prototypical Dy2Ti2O7 spin ice material
- 2016
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 93:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spin ices, frustratedmagnetic materials analogous to common water ice, have emerged over the past 15 years as exemplars of high frustration in three dimensions. Recent experimental developments aimed at interrogating anew the low-temperature properties of these systems, in particular whether the predicted transition to long-range order occurs, behoove researchers to scrutinize our current dipolar spin ice model description of these materials. In this work, we do so by combining extensive Monte Carlo simulations and mean-field theory calculations to analyze data from previous magnetization, diffuse neutron scattering, and specific-heat measurements on the paradigmatic Dy2Ti2O7 spin ice material. In this work, we also reconsider the possible importance of the nuclear specific heat C-nuc in Dy2Ti2O7. We find that C-nuc is not entirely negligible below a temperature similar to 0.5 K and must therefore be taken into account in a quantitative analysis of the calorimetric data of this compound below that temperature. We find that in this material, small effective spin-spin exchange interactions compete with the magnetostatic dipolar interaction responsible for the main spin ice phenomenology. This causes an unexpected " refrustration" of the long-range order that would be expected from the incompletely self-screened dipolar interaction and which positions the material at the boundary between two competing classical long-range-ordered ground states. This allows for the manifestation of new physical low-temperature phenomena in Dy2Ti2O7, as exposed by recent specific-heat measurements. We show that among the four most likely causes for the observed upturn of the specific heat at low temperature [an exchange-induced transition to long-range order, quantum non-Ising (transverse) terms in the effective spin Hamiltonian, the nuclear hyperfine contribution, and random disorder], only the last appears to be reasonably able to explain the calorimetric data.
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| 9. |
- Bovo, L., et al.
(author)
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Special temperatures in frustrated ferromagnets
- 2018
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In: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The description and detection of unconventional magnetic states, such as spin liquids, is a recurring topic in condensed matter physics. While much of the efforts have traditionally been directed at geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets, recent studies reveal that systems featuring competing antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions are also promising candidate materials. We find that this competition leads to the notion of special temperatures, analogous to those of gases, at which the competing interactions balance, and the system is quasi-ideal. Although induced by weak perturbing interactions, these special temperatures are surprisingly high and constitute an accessible experimental diagnostic of eventual order or spin-liquid properties. The well characterised Hamiltonian and extended low-temperature susceptibility measurement of the canonical frustrated ferromagnet Dy2Ti2O7 enables us to formulate both a phenomenological and microscopic theory of special temperatures for magnets. Other members of this class of magnets include kapellasite Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 and the spinel GeCo2O4.
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| 10. |
- Gingras, M. J. P., et al.
(author)
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Collective phenomena in the LiHo xY 1-xF 4 quantum ising magnet : Recent progress and open questions
- 2011
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In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 320, s. 012001-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In LiHo xY 1-xF 4, the magnetic Holmium Ho 3+ ions behave as effective Ising spins that can point parallel or antiparallel to the crystalline c-axis. The predominant inter-Ho 3+ interaction is dipolar, while the Y 3+ ions are non-magnetic. The application of a magnetic field B x transverse to the c-axis Ising direction leads to quantum spin-flip fluctuations, making this material a rare physical realization of the celebrated transverse field Ising model. The problems of classical and transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions in LiHo xY 1-xF 4 in the dipolar ferromagnetic (x = 1), diluted ferromagnetic (0.25 ≤∼ x < 1) and highly diluted x ≤∼ 0.25 dipolar spin glass regimes have attracted much experimental and theoretical interest over the past twenty-five years. Two questions have received particular attention: (i) is there an antiglass (quantum disordered) phase at low Ho 3+ concentration and (ii) what is the mechanism responsible for the fast B x-induced destruction of the ferromagnetic (0.25 ≤∼ x < 1) and spin glass (x ≤∼ 0.25) phases? This paper reviews some of the recent theoretical and experimental progress in our understanding of the collective phenomena at play in LiHo xY 1-xF 4, in both zero and nonzero B x.
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