| 1. |
- Navarro, Julien R. G., et al.
(author)
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Luminescent Nanocellulose Platform : From Controlled Graft Block Copolymerization to Biomarker Sensing
- 2016
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In: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 17:3, s. 1101-1109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A strategy is devised for the conversion of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) into fluorescently labeled probes involving the synthesis of CNF-based macroinitiators that initiate radical polymerilation of methyl acrylate and acrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester producing a graft block copolymer modified CNF. Finally, a luminescent probe (Lucifer yellow derivative) was labeled onto the modified CNF through an amidation reaction. The surface modification steps were :verified with solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) confirmed the successful labeling of the CNF; the CNF have a hydrodynamic radius of about 700 nm with an average number of dye molecules per fibril of at least 6600. The modified CNF was also imaged with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Luminescent CNF proved to be viable biomarkers and allow for fluorescence-based optical detection of CNF uptake and distribution in organisms such as crustaceans. The luminescent CNF were exposed to live juvenile daphnids and microscopy analysis revealed the presence of the luminescent CNF all over D. magna's alimentary canal tissues without any toxicity effect leading to the death of the specimen.
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| 2. |
- Patel, Onisha, et al.
(author)
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Recognition of CD1d-sulfatide mediated by a type II natural killer T cell antigen receptor.
- 2012
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In: Nature immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1529-2916 .- 1529-2908. ; 13:9, s. 857-63
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) are divided into type I and type II subsets on the basis of differences in their T cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire and CD1d-antigen specificity. Although the mode by which type I NKT cell TCRs recognize CD1d-antigen has been established, how type II NKT cell TCRs engage CD1d-antigen is unknown. Here we provide a basis for how a type II NKT cell TCR, XV19, recognized CD1d-sulfatide. The XV19 TCR bound orthogonally above the A' pocket of CD1d, in contrast to the parallel docking of type I NKT cell TCRs over the F' pocket of CD1d. At the XV19 TCR-CD1d-sulfatide interface, the TCRα and TCRβ chains sat centrally on CD1d, where the malleable CDR3 loops dominated interactions with CD1d-sulfatide. Accordingly, we highlight the diverse mechanisms by which NKT cell TCRs can bind CD1d and account for the distinct antigen specificity of type II NKT cells.
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| 3. |
- Romson, Joakim, et al.
(author)
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SpheriCal(R)-ESI : A dendrimer-based nine-point calibration solution ranging from m/z 273 to 1716 for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry peptide analysis
- 2021
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In: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. - : Wiley. - 0951-4198 .- 1097-0231. ; 35:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale A calibration solution for mass spectrometry needs to cover the range of interest with intense and sufficiently narrowly spaced peaks. Limited options fulfilling this may lead to compromises between performance and ease of use. SpheriCal(R)-ESI was designed to combine high calibration performance for electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometric analysis of peptides in positive mode with quick and easy use. Methods The developed calibration solution was tested using three mass spectrometers: two ion traps and one tandem quadrupole. The m/z errors of SpheriCal(R)-ESI itself and of a tryptic digest of cytochrome C were measured after calibration. The results were compared with those achieved with ESI Tuning Mix. The memory effects of the dendrimers, and contamination from Na+ in the calibration solution, were evaluated. Results SpheriCal(R)-ESI showed good shelf life as powder and was quickly reconstituted for use. Achieving intense and stable signals was straightforward. The accuracies and precisions were as expected for the instruments. SpheriCal(R)-ESI was more precise and at least as accurate as ESI Tuning Mix. The memory effects and Na+ contamination were found to be negligible in typical peptide solvents. In addition, the dendrimers showed predictable dissociations with product ions common to collision-induced dissociation in both ion trap and tandem quadrupole mass spectrometers. Conclusions SpheriCal(R)-ESI provided easily accessible calibration by showing intense signals at low infusion rates and at source settings equal or similar to those used in peptide analysis. Nine calibration points in the range of interest gave precise and accurate results. Memory effects and contamination were negligible even without rinsing.
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| 4. |
- Squires, Janet E., et al.
(author)
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The Implementation in Context (ICON) Framework: A meta-framework of context domains, attributes and features in healthcare
- 2023
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In: Health Research Policy and Systems. - 1478-4505. ; 21:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background There is growing evidence that context mediates the effects of implementation interventions intended to increase healthcare professionals’ use of research evidence in clinical practice. However, conceptual clarity about what comprises context is elusive. The purpose of this study was to advance conceptual clarity on context by developing the Implementation in Context Framework, a meta-framework of the context domains, attributes and features that can facilitate or hinder healthcare professionals’ use of research evidence and the effectiveness of implementation interventions in clinical practice.Methods We conducted a meta-synthesis of data from three interrelated studies: (1) a concept analysis of published literature on context (n = 70 studies), (2) a secondary analysis of healthcare professional interviews (n = 145) examining context across 11 unique studies and (3) a descriptive qualitative study comprised of interviews with heath system stakeholders (n = 39) in four countries to elicit their tacit knowledge on the attributes and features of context. A rigorous protocol was followed for the meta-synthesis, resulting in development of the Implementation in Context Framework. Following this meta-synthesis, the framework was further refined through feedback from experts in context and implementation science.Results In the Implementation in Context Framework, context is conceptualized in three levels: micro (individual), meso (organizational), and macro (external). The three levels are composed of six contextual domains: (1) actors (micro), (2) organizational climate and structures (meso), (3) organizational social behaviour (meso), (4) organizational response to change (meso), (5) organizational processes (meso) and (6) external influences (macro). These six domains contain 22 core attributes of context and 108 features that illustrate these attributes.Conclusions The Implementation in Context Framework is the only meta-framework of context available to guide implementation efforts of healthcare professionals. It provides a comprehensive and critically needed understanding of the context domains, attributes and features relevant to healthcare professionals’ use of research evidence in clinical practice. The Implementation in Context Framework can inform implementation intervention design and delivery to better interpret the effects of implementation interventions, and pragmatically guide implementation efforts that enhance evidence uptake and sustainability by healthcare professionals.
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| 5. |
- Undin, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Controlled copolymerization of the functional 5-membered lactone monomer, alpha-bromo-gamma-butyrolactone, via selective organocatalysis
- 2016
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In: Polymer. - : Elsevier. - 0032-3861 .- 1873-2291. ; 87, s. 17-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The selective nature of organic catalysts has been exploited to synthesize copolymers of the functional monomer, alpha-bromo-gamma-butyrolactone (alpha Br gamma BL), with trimethylene carbonate (TMC), 2-allyloxymethyl-2ethyl- trimethylene carbonate (AOMEC) and epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon CL) with excellent control. The high control is attributed to high selectivity and reactivity at ambient reaction temperatures, which suppresses the degree of side reactions (e.g., transesterification) that inherently plague this class of co-monomers. In particular, good results were obtained using diphenyl phosphate (DPP) as a catalyst, resulting in copolymers with low dispersities (D-M) (i.e., approximately 1.08) and number average molecular weights (M-n) of approximately 20,000 g/mol. The high control opened the possibility to construct more complex polymeric structures, exemplified via the synthesis of a multifunctional triblock copolymer composed of AOMEC as the center block, flanked with a statistical copolymer consisting of 3CL and aBrgBL. The subsequent grafting of methyl acrylate (MA) via Cu(0)-mediated CRP on the copolymers resulted in graft copolymers with a final D-M of less than 1.2.
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