| 1. |
- Brambor, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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The Lay of the Land: Information Capacity and the Modern State
- 2016
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Relying on three new indicators of the information capacity of states, this paper provides new evidence on the ability of states to collect and process information about the territories and populations that they govern. The three indicators are (a) the availability of a reliable census, (b) the establishment of a permanent government agency tasked with processing statistical information about the territory and the population, and (c) the regular release of statistical yearbooks. We find, as expected, that there has been a secular increase in information capacity over time. We also investigate salient differences among countries from the early 1800s onward.
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| 2. |
- Cameron, Maxwell A., et al.
(author)
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¿Vive América Latina un segundo ciclo de política de izquierda?
- 2023
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In: Politica y Gobierno. - 1405-1060. ; 30:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent electoral victories by left-leaning leaders and parties mark another turn in the oscillations of Latin American politics, but they also signal enduring changes. The electoral success of the left is a sign of both the durability of electoral democracy and the persistence of social pres-sures in highly unequal societies. In this article, we discuss how the electoral fates and governing strategies of leftist movements and parties reflect the conditions in which they emerged. We ana-lyze the political and organizational legacies of Cold War repression as well as the ways in which global events such as 9/11, the commodity boom of the 2000s and its exhaustion, the covid-19 pandemic, and the new global wave of progressive movements, have shaped the ebb-and-flow of left-wing politics. We conclude with reflections on the possibilities for the construction of social democracy as an alternative to radical populist and right-wing oligarchical politics.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ellermann, Antje, et al.
(author)
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Discrimination and policies of immigrant selection in liberal states
- 2019
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In: Politics & Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0032-3292 .- 1552-7514. ; 47:1, s. 87-116
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How should liberal societies select prospective members? A conventional reading of immigration history posits that whereas ascriptive characteristics drove immigration policy in the past, contemporary policy is based on the principle of nondiscrimination. Yet a closer look at the characteristics of those admitted reveals systematic group biases that run counter to liberalism’s core moral commitments. This article first discusses liberal states’ basic moral obligation to treat their citizens with equal respect. It then identifies ways in which the group biases produced by immigration policy violate that principle, when states either deprive their citizens of fundamental rights or stigmatize them through hierarchical constructions of citizenship. Three mechanisms are presented-structural bias, profiling, and positive selection-by which seemingly liberal admissions policies produce illiberal outcomes. The empirical analysis explores the resulting discriminatory group biases in the context of language and income conditionalities on family migration, excessive demand restrictions against economic migrants, and visa waivers for international travelers. We conclude that immigration reforms that mitigate, if not erase, these morally problematic patterns are within the reach of liberal states.
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| 5. |
- Goenaga, Agustín, et al.
(author)
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Guy-Guessing Democracy : Gender and Item Non-Response Bias in Evaluations of Democratic Institutions
- 2022
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In: Journal of Women, Politics and Policy. - 1554-477X. ; 43:4, s. 499-513
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research on democratic attitudes has recently turned to examine citizens’ views about the performance of specific democratic institutions in their country. Drawing on data from the European Social Survey (ESS6) and the Bright Line Watch Project (BLW) in the United States, this article argues that such evaluative questions carry high levels of cognitive complexity that lead to gender gaps in item response rates. We then show that those gender gaps are present at every level of political knowledge and tend to be wider the less respondents know about the political system. Since women also tend to be more critical of democratic institutions, these results indicate that item non-response biases can make researchers underestimate overall levels of dissatisfaction with democracy, as well as overlook specific groups that may be particularly dissatisfied with the performance of certain parts of the democratic system.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Goenaga, Agustín, et al.
(author)
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The state does not live by warfare alone : War and revenue in the long nineteenth century
- 2023
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In: The Review of International Organizations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1559-7431 .- 1559-744X. ; 18:2, s. 393-418
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research shows that wars contributed to the expansion of state revenues in the Early Modern period and in the twentieth century. There are, however, few cross-national studies on the long nineteenth century. Using new unbalanced panel data on wars and public revenues from 1816 to 1913 for 27 American and European countries, this article provides new evidence that military conflicts very rarely triggered lasting increases in public revenues during those years. We argue that the uneven diffusion of military innovations reduced the probability that international wars would be sufficiently intense to push state actors to seek additional resources. Moreover, the distinction between international and civil wars was blurred by the opportunities for non-state actors to mobilize military forces comparable to those of the state. Therefore, only very intense international and civil wars had a lasting impact on state revenues, but such conflicts were extremely rare, both in Europe and the Americas.
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| 9. |
- Goenaga, Agustín, et al.
(author)
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War and state capacity in the long nineteenth century
- 2018
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A great deal of literature has analyzed the relationship between warfare and state capacity in late-modern and contemporary times. While there is a consensus regarding the significant impact of mass warfare on fiscal expansion during the twentieth century, the interplay between warfare and fiscal capacity in the nineteenth century remains disputed. This paper sheds light on this issue by making use of novel datasets of international and civil wars and public finance from 1816 to 1913 in Europe and the Americas. Our results suggest that the type of wars that states fought in the nineteenth century mattered less than their intensity and duration. Public revenues increased in the aftermath of both international and civil wars when they were intensive enough. We argue, however, that overall wars had a weak effect on state-making in the nineteenth century precisely due to their limited intensity and duration compared to the total wars of the twentieth century.
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