| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
-
Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
-
Die Nutzung von E-Zigaretten in der deutschen Bevölkerung – Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey 2015
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Das Gesundheitswesen. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0941-3790 .- 1439-4421. ; 81:02, s. 137-143
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hintergrund Schätzungen zum E-Zigarettenkonsum in Deutschland variieren erheblich. Die Nutzung von E-Zigaretten zur Tabakentwöhnung wird kritisch diskutiert. Anhand aktueller Daten soll die Verbreitung des Konsums von E-Zigaretten und deren Nutzung in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung Deutschlands dargestellt werden.Methoden Als Datenbasis diente der Epidemiologische Suchtsurvey 2015, eine bundesweite Befragung von 18- bis 64-jährigen in Deutschland (n=9,204; Rücklaufquote: 52,2%).Ergebnisse E-Zigaretten waren einem Großteil der Befragten bekannt (85,3%, 43,5 Mio.), wohingegen lediglich 2,9% (1,5 Mio.) E-Zigaretten in den letzten 30 Tagen genutzt hatten. Jüngere Personen (OR=0,95, 95%-KI=(0,93; 0,97)), Männer (OR=1,45, 95%-KI=(1,02; 2,07)) und Raucher (OR=12,53, 95%-KI=(8,71; 18,03)) zeigten ein signifikant höheres Risiko, E-Zigaretten zu konsumieren. Etwa ein Drittel (36,6%) der Raucher und Ex-Raucher konventioneller Zigaretten nutzte E-Zigaretten zur Tabakentwöhnung, wovon ein Fünftel (21,3%) mit dem Rauchen aufhören konnte.Schlussfolgerungen E-Zigarettennutzer scheinen häufiger männlich, jünger und Raucher konventioneller Zigaretten zu sein. Neben Neugierde ist die Veränderung des Rauchverhaltens ein bedeutendes Konsummotiv. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Gebrauch von E-Zigaretten vereinzelt zur Tabakentwöhnung beitragen kann, die Mehrheit der Nutzer aber weiterhin konventionelle und/oder E-Zigaretten konsumiert.
|
|
| 3. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
-
Do smoking, nutrition, alcohol use, and physical activity vary between regions in Germany?-results of a cross-sectional study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies on lifestyle risk factors mainly focused on age- or gender-specific differences. However, lifestyle risk factors also vary across regions. Aim of the present study was to examine the extent to which prevalence rates of SNAP (smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity) vary between East and West Germany or North and South Germany.Methods: Data came from the population-representative 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) comprising 9204 subjects aged 18 to 64 years. To assess an east-west or south-north gradient, two binary logistic regression models were carried out for each SNAP factor.Results: The logistic regression models revealed statistically significant differences with higher rates of at-risk alcohol consumption and lower rates of unhealthy nutrition in East Germany compared to West Germany. Significant differences between North and South Germany were found for at-risk alcohol consumption with higher rates of at-risk alcohol consumption in South Germany. Daily smoking and low physical activity were equally distributed across regions.Conclusions: The implementation of measures reducing at-risk alcohol consumption in Germany should take the identified east-west and south-north gradient into account. Since the prevalence of unhealthy nutrition was generally high, prevention and intervention measures should focus on Germany as a whole instead of specific regions.
|
|
| 4. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
-
E-Zigaretten : Einschätzung vonGesundheitsgefahren undNutzung zur Tabakentwöhnung
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-9990 .- 1437-1588. ; 61:11, s. 1415-1421
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe perception that e-cigarettes are less harmful than traditional tobacco products can influence the consumption of e-cigarettes.ObjectivesThree questions were examined: (1)How do different population groups perceive health risks of e-cigarettes? (2)Do sociodemographic variables explain differences in the risk assessment of e-cigarettes? (3)Does the perception of health risks predict the use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation?MethodsData came from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) with asample size of n=9204 participants, aged 18 to 64years (response rate 52.2%). Data were collected by telephone, online, or by written questionnaires. Assessments of risk perception of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes (more harmful, just as harmful, less harmful, do not know) were compared. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were performed.ResultsIndividuals with lower education rated e-cigarettes as more harmful. Older people and women perceived e-cigarettes as just as harmful. Smokers considered e-cigarettes to be more harmful than or just as harmful as conventional tobacco products. The likelihood of using e-cigarettes for smoking cessation was higher if people thought they were less harmful than conventional cigarettes.ConclusionsOnly one-third of the population knows that e-cigarettes are less harmful to health than conventional cigarettes. The perception of health risks is related to the usage of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
-
Patterns of multiple lifestyle risk factors and their link to mental health in the German adult population : a cross-sectional study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Lifestyle risk factors, such as drinking or unhealthy diet, can expotentiate detrimental health effects. Therefore, it is important to investigate multiple lifestyle risk factors instead of single ones. The study aims at: (1) identifying patterns of lifestyle risk factors within the adult general population in Germany and (2) examining associations between the extracted patterns and external factors.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting General German adult population (aged 18–64 years).Participants Participants of the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (n=9204).Primary outcome measures Lifestyle risk factors (daily smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, low physical activity, weekly use of pharmaceuticals, as well as consumption of cannabis and other illicit drugs).Results A latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of lifestyle risk factors, and a multinomial logistic regression was carried out to examine associations between the extracted classes and external factors. A total of four classes were extracted which can be described as healthy lifestyle (58.5%), drinking lifestyle (24.4%), smoking lifestyle (15.4%) and a cumulate risk factors lifestyle (1.7%). Individuals who were male, at younger age and single as well as individuals with various mental health problems were more likely to show multiple lifestyle risk factors.Conclusions Healthcare professionals should be aware of correlations between different lifestyle risk factors as well as between lifestyle risk groups and mental health. Health promotion strategies should further focus especially on younger and single men.This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-cultural variation in the association between family's socioeconomic status and adolescent alcohol use
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Review. - : Wiley. - 0959-5236 .- 1465-3362. ; 36:6, s. 797-804
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and Aims. This study estimates cross-country variation in socioeconomic disparities in adolescent alcohol use and identifies country-level characteristics associated with these disparities. Design and Methods. The association between socioeconomic status (family wealth and parental education) and alcohol use (lifetime use and episodic heavy drinking) of 15- to 16-year-olds from 32 European countries was investigated. Country-level characteristics were national income, income inequality and per capita alcohol consumption. Multilevel modelling was applied. Results. Across countries, lifetime use was lower in wealthy than in less wealthy families (odds ratio [OR]((girls))=0.95, OR(boys)=0.94). The risk of episodic heavy drinking, in contrast, was higher for children from wealthier families (OR(girls)=1.04, OR(boys)=1.08) and lower when parents were highly educated (ORs=0.95-0.98). Socioeconomic disparities varied substantially between countries. National wealth and income inequality were associated with cross-country variation of disparities in lifetime use in few comparisons, such that among girls, the (negative) effect of family wealth was greatest in countries with unequally distributed income (OR=0.86). Among boys, the (negative) effect of family wealth was greatest in low-income countries (OR=1.00), and the (positive) effect of mothers' education was greatest in countries with high income inequality (OR=1.11). Discussion and Conclusions. Socioeconomic disparities in adolescent alcohol use vary across European countries. Broad country-level indicators can explain this variation only to a limited extent, but results point towards slightly greater socioeconomic disparities in drinking in countries of low national income and countries with a high income inequality. [Gomes de Matos E, Kraus L, Hannemann T-V, Soellner R, Piontek D. Cross-cultural variation in the association between family's socioeconomic status and adolescent alcohol use.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
Does a Change Over All Equal a Change in All? Testing for Polarized Alcohol Use Within and Across Socio-Economic Groups in Germany
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 50:6, s. 700-707
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at testing whether drinking volume and episodic heavy drinking (EHD) frequency in Germany are polarizing between consumption levels over time. Polarization is defined as a reduction in alcohol use among the majority of the population, while a subpopulation with a high intake level maintains or increases its drinking or its EHD frequency. The polarization hypothesis was tested across and within socio-economic subgroups. Analyses were based on seven cross-sectional waves of the Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) conducted between 1995 and 2012 (n = 7833-9084). Overall polarization was estimated based on regression models with time by consumption level interactions; the three-way interaction with socio-economic status (SES) was consecutively introduced to test the stability of effects over socio-economic strata. Interactions were interpreted by graphical inspection. For both alcohol use indicators, declines over time were largest in the highest consumption level. This was found within all SES groups, but was most pronounced at low and least pronounced at medium SES. The results indicate no polarization but convergence between consumption levels. Socio-economic status groups differ in the magnitude of convergence which was lowest in medium SES. The overall decline was strongest for the highest consumption level of low SES.
|
|
| 8. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
Problembewusstsein und Inanspruchnahme von Hilfe bei substanzbezogenen Problemen
- 2013
-
Ingår i: SUCHT. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0939-5911 .- 1664-2856. ; 59:6, s. 355-366
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: It was aimed to estimate 12-months prevalences of i) perception of substance-related problems among alcohol, illicit drugs and prescription drug users; ii) use of several formal and informal sources of care by individuals perceiving substance-related problems; and iii) use of professional help among individuals with a substance use disorder. Factors associated with help-seeking were assessed. Methods: Data come from the 2012 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA; n = 9084; 18 to 64 years; response rate 53.6 %). DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed using the M-CIDI. Regression analyses were used to assess predictors of help-seeking. Results: Between 6 % (alcohol) and 19 % (illicit drugs) of substance users reported having experienced substance related problems. Of those, 14 % (alcohol), 33 % (illicit drugs) and 59 % (prescription drugs) sought help. With the exception of income, socio-demographic variables were not associated with help-seeking. Conclusions: Results show a clear under-treatment in individuals with substance related problems. Help-seeking seems to be mainly influenced by the severity of the substance-related disorder.
|
|
| 9. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
Substanzkonsum in der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland. Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys 2015
- 2016
-
Ingår i: SUCHT. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0939-5911 .- 1664-2856. ; 62:5, s. 271-281
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ziel: Die Verbreitung des Substanzkonsums in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung Deutschlands soll anhand aktueller Daten dargestellt werden. Methodik: Datengrundlage bildete der Epidemiologische Suchtsurvey 2015, eine bundesweite Befragung in der Wohnbevölkerung von 18 bis 64 Jahren (n = 9,204; Rücklaufquote: 52.2 %). Probanden wurden zum Gebrauch von Tabak, Alkohol, illegalen Drogen und Medikamenten befragt. Ergebnisse: In den letzten 30 Tagen hatten 28.7 % der Befragten Tabakprodukte genutzt. Den Konsum von Alkohol in diesem Zeitraum berichteten 72.8 %. Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum in den letzten 12 Monaten wiesen 28.3 % (Männer) bzw. 9.6 % (Frauen) auf. Die 12-Monats-Prävalenz illegaler Drogen lag bei 6.1 % für Cannabis und bei maximal 1 % für alle anderen Substanzen. Unter Medikamenten hatten Schmerzmittel die höchste Gebrauchsprävalenz (47.1 %) sowie die geringste Prävalenz täglichen Gebrauchs unter Nutzern (8.6 %). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse belegen die nach wie vor hohe Verbreitung des Substanzkonsums in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Konsumprävalenz sowie Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum sind in Bezug auf legale Substanzen, die eine hohe Verfügbarkeit charakterisiert, am häufigsten. Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum illegaler Drogen bestanden bei deutlich weniger Personen. Da es sich dabei jedoch um eine besondere Risikogruppe handelt, ist deren Erreichung durch adäquate Angebote sicherzustellen.
|
|
| 10. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
-
The Consumption of New Psychoactive Substances and Methamphetamine Analysis of Data From 6 German Federal States
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. - : Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH. - 1866-0452. ; 115:4, s. 49-55
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The abuse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and methamphet amine has severe adverse effects. Here we provide the first report of regional patterns in NPS and methamphetamine consumption in Germany, on the basis of epidemiologic data from six federal states (Bavaria, Hamburg, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Saxony, and Thuringia).Methods: Data were derived from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey) and supplemented with additional cases from the federal states that were studied. The numbers of persons included in the representative samples of persons aged 18 to 64 in each state were 1916 (Bavaria), 1125 (Hamburg), 1151 (Hesse), 2008 (North Rhine-Westphalia), 1897 (Saxony), and 1543 (Thuringia). Potential risk factors for the lifetime prevalence of consumption were studied by logistic regression.Results: The lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine consumption in the individual states ranged from 0.3% (North Rhine-Westphalia) to 2.0% (Saxony). Thuringia and Saxony displayed values that were significantly higher than average. For NPS, the figures ranged from 2.2% (Bavaria) to 3.9% (Hamburg), but multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the states. Higher age and higher educational level were associated with lower consumption of NPS and methamphetamine, while smoking and cannabis use were each associated with higher consumption.Conclusion: NPS consumption is equally widespread in all of the federal states studied. Methamphetamine is rarely consumed; its consumption appears to be higher in Saxony and Thuringia. The risk factor analysis reported here should be interpreted cautiously in view of the low case numbers with respect to consumption.
|
|
