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- Gondouin, Johanna, 1972-
(author)
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Adoption, Surrogacy and Swedish Exceptionalism
- 2012
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In: Critical Race and Whiteness Studies. - 1838-8310. ; 8:2, s. 1-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article deals with the current discussion on transnational surrogacy and adoption in Sweden. The ethical problems pertaining to new assisted reproductive technologies (ART) that are now the subject of intense debate share common ground with the predicaments of transnational adoption, but this is seldom recognized. By bringing these reproductive methods together, this article sets out to discuss the decidedly intersectional character of the new reproduction, analyzed in terms of ”stratified reproduction” (Colen 1995). One parallel that this article considers is the association in Sweden of both adoption and surrogacy with the struggle for gay rights. RFSL (The Swedish Federation for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights) is a driving force in the present political rapprochement to surrogacy. This echoes the situation ten years ago when the opening up of Swedish adoptive legislation to same-sex couples coincided with a turbulent debate on adoption. The article examines the intersectional dynamics that characterize the Swedish context, according to which different power relations are played out against each other. Another aspect that is focused on is how the discussion on transnational adoption and surrogacy expose ”Swedish exceptionalism”, a concept designating a widespread belief of Sweden as untouched by colonial legacies, positing Swedish whiteness as innocent regarding racial matters. The television series Barn till varje pris? (Children at all Costs?, 2011) will be analyzed as a case in point. Through this example I will examine the mediational aspects of the Swedish discussion, in which film and television play key roles.
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| 2. |
- Gondouin, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Dalit Feminist Voices on Reproductive Rights and Reproductive Justice
- 2020
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In: Economic and Political Weekly. - India : E P W Research Foundation. - 0012-9976. ; LV:40, s. 38-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research has addressed questions of reproductive justice and the stratifications of Indian women’s reproductive lives in terms of class position and economic status. However, the question of caste has received little attention in the literature and there has been a lack of research on assisted reproductive technologies and caste along with the absence of Dalit feminists speaking out on reproductive technologies. This paper attempts to begin exploring the significance of caste by drawing on in-depth interviews with Dalit feminists who challenge dominant understandings of surrogacy in both international and national debates on reproductive technologies. It highlights how an insistence on the wider socio-economic context of women’s lives challenges notions of reproductive rights, replacing them by reproductive justice.
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| 3. |
- Gondouin, Johanna, 1972-
(author)
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Feminist Global Motherhood : Representations of Single-Mother Adoption in Swedish Media
- 2016
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In: Critical Kinship Studies. - London : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. - 9781783484164 - 9781783484188 ; , s. 101-116
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single mother adoptions form an influential discourse on transnationl adoption in contemporary swedish media that this chapter sets out to eplore. What particular understandings of adoption does it construct, and what ideological work does it perform? Drawing on the concept of Global motherhood (Raka Shome 2011) I study how adoption articulates with idealized notions of feminity and whiteness.The investigation departs in the aftermath of the major debate on adoption that took place in the early 2000’s, to the present, including a film (Bombay Dreams 2004), a documentary (Min dotter från Kina, 2005), a publicity campaign (Nolltolerans mot rasism, 2010) and print media coverage of the adoption of celebrity Carola in 2012. Bringing together these different kinds of media formats illustrate how a number of recurrent themes central to this understanding of adoption appear across a range of texts.Two major discursive strategies are identified: victimisation and moralisation. Single adoptive mothers constitute a complex figure, both privileged (in relation to class and race) and marginalised (in relation to norms regarding family and kinship). However, these representations tend to place these women rather squarely among the latter. Victimisation allows for an understanding of adoption as a feminist question concerning the rights of single women to parenthood. Adoption by single mothers thus becomes a manifestation of Sweden as a feminist nation, in the same way that representations of male same sex couples turning to surrogacy serves as a manifestation of Sweden as an LGBT friendly nation. But adoption is also understod in terms of moral entitlement. Motherhood is presented as a question of moral skill rather than structural privilege. This positioning as both victim and champion comes through as a specifically Swedish strategy for managing the global distribution of privilege and inequality that premise transnational adoption. In this process, white feminity is made the ideal manifestation of Swedish exceptionalism (Keskinen et al 2009).
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| 4. |
- Gondouin, Johanna, 1972-
(author)
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Gay Fathers, Surrogate Mothers, and the Question of the Human: : A Postcolonial Feminist Analysis of Emotions in Barn till varje pris?
- 2014
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In: Lambda Nordica. - Föreningen Lambda Nordica. - 1100-2573 .- 2001-7286. ; 19:3-4, s. 109-139
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artikeln undersöker representationen av surrogatmödraskap i dokumentärfilmserien Barn till varje pris? (SVT1, 2011), där ett svenskt manligt samkönat par anlitar en surrogatmamma i Indien. Framställningen är emblematisk för den svenska mediedebatten och illustrerar de komplexa maktrelationer som transnationellt kommersiellt surrogatmödraskap ofta är förknippat med.Min utgångspunkt är rollen som känslor spelar i serien: kärlek och sårbarhet har avgörande betydelse för hur surrogatmödraskap framställs, men de är ojämnt fördelade. De blivande föräldrarna skildras som sårbara och drivna av kärlek, medan surrogatmamman framställs som rationell och påfallande känslolös och distanserad. Vad skapar detta för bild av surrogatmödraskap? Hur framförhandlas det svenska bögparets reproduktiva sårbarhet (Riggs och Due 2013) i relation till den indiska surrogatmammans sårbarhet?Jag argumenterar för att kärlek och sårbarhet fungerar som individualitetsteknologier (Pantti och van Zoonen 2006) som skyler över de etiska och politiska utmaningarna i kommersiellt transnationellt surrogatmödraskap. Här spelar även sanningsregimer kopplade till Reality-tv genren (Jerlsev 2004) en avgörande roll. Bilden av surrogatmamman analyseras med hjälp av en samtida postkolonial feministisk diskussion om surrogatmödraskap fokuserad på begreppet mänsklig värdighet och parallellerna mellan samtida surrogatkontrakt och indiskt kontraktsarbete under kolonialtiden (Vora 2012). Jag menar att den inkludering av queerhet i en heteronormativ familjemodell som sker i serien blir möjlig genom exkluderandet av den rasifierade, kvinnliga Andra. Dessutom visar jag hur dokumentärseriens ojämna fördelning av kärlek och sårbarhet utför en typ av grundläggande politiskt arbete nödvändigt för att reproducera koloniala värdesystem som bas för den snabbt expanderande globala marknaden för reproduktivt och affektivt arbete.
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| 5. |
- Gondouin, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Indian native companions and Korean camptown women : Unpacking coloniality in transnational surrogacy and adoption
- 2022
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In: Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, and Technoscience. - : University of Toronto Libraries - UOTL. - 2380-3312. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article argues that transnational adoption and surrogacy from South Korea and India are shaped through US and British imperial and colonial histories in Korea and India respectively. We focus on the reproductive labor of “native companions” in early British India and kijich’on (camptown) women in post–World War II Korea. The management of native women’s sexuality was crucial for maintaining social order, political stability, and for consolidating capitalism through the commodification and devaluation of colonized reproductive labor. The configuration of historical legacies is unpacked through the idea of coloniality, the constitutive dark side of modernity, which reproduces subalternity and exploitation of racialized bodies. The reproductive labour of Korean birth mothers and Indian surrogate mothers is formed and shaped by the colonial and imperial formations of gender, sexuality, kinship and family, in which white supremacy and exploitation of Indian and Korean women was at the core. We argue that these formations are re-configured in the present through three mechanisms that enable contemporary practices of adoption and surrogacy: the transformation of waste into profit, the erasure of non-white mothers, and the trope of the white savior.
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| 6. |
- Gondouin, Johanna
(author)
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Reproducing heteronormativity : Gay parenthood and transnational surrogacy in Sweden
- 2018. - 1
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In: Transnationalising Reproduction. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9781315732695 - 9781138840713
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter draws on research on media representations of surrogacy in Sweden. It analyses discourses of surrogacy in relation to heteronormativity and argues that reproduction through surrogacy not only privileges the male genetic tie, and effaces the role of the mother/woman, but also shows how the idea of the heterosexual nuclear family seems to be crucial for making queer parenthood acceptable. The chapter considers how transnational surrogacy may reinforce dominant views on family and kinship, including dominant norms of whiteness and heteronormativity.
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