| 1. |
- Bergiers, Anneleen, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of Rolling Resistance Measuring Equipment : Pilot Study
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This research is part of the MIRIAM project (Models for rolling resistance In Road Infrastructure Asset Management systems), which aims at developing methods for improved control of road transport carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in order to obtain sustainable and environmental friendly road infrastructure.As a first part of MIRIAM, a “Phase 1” was conducted in 2010-2011. It is planned to start a “Phase 2” in 2012.MIRIAM is divided into five sub-projects. Sub-project number 1 (SP 1) is designated “Measurement methods and surface properties model”, and lead by Ulf Sandberg, VTI. Within SP 1, one of the major tasks is to study various measurement methods and the performance of available measurement equipment for rolling resistance, with a focus on measuring the pavement properties. As part of this task, in 2011 an international experiment was conducted to compare the measurement devices available within the MIRIAM project. This comparison experiment was popularly called “Round Robin Test” (RRT), which is the name used in this report.The RRT was organized from 6 to 10 June 2011 on the test track owned by IFSTTAR in Nantes, France. Three institutes participated with their rolling resistance trailers: BASt, BRRC, and TUG. The practical organization was coordinated by IFSTTAR and the technical organization by BRRC. Texture measurements were performed by BRRC to verify the homogeneity of the test sections. Measurements on drums in laboratories were performed by BASt and TUG with the same tyres as used in the RRT.At a later stage also truck rolling resistance measurements were carried out on a smaller selection of surfaces on the test track in Nantes. However, when this report was written these measurement results were not yet available.This experiment was, as far as the authors are aware, the first time when this type of devices was compared.This report presents the RRT in terms of how it was carried out and the results obtained.
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| 2. |
- Conter, Marco, et al.
(author)
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ROSANNE project : New procedure for noise characterization of road surfaces in Europe
- 2016
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In: Proceedings of the INTER-NOISE 2016 - 45th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering. ; , s. 4997-5005
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ROSANNE is a collaborative project in the 7th EU Framework Program which aims at harmonizing measurement methods for skid resistance, noise emission and rolling resistance of road pavements as a preparation for standardization. The project started in November 2013 and is developing and improving standards in the field of working group CEN/TC 227/WG 5.Regarding the influence of the pavement on the road traffic noise emission, the main objective is to combine the existing measurement methods of SPB (ISO 11819-1) and CPX (ISO/DIS 11819-2) into a stable and reliable harmonized pavement noise emission characterization method. A respective procedure is being developed within the project and its potential use for noise calculation methods like the one proposed by the CNOSSOS-EU project is investigated. The first two years of research focused on analyzing and comparing existing noise measurement methods to specify the noise properties of road surfaces as well as investigating the temperature influence of possible correction measures; respective results will be presented in a separate paper on this issue within this conference. Activities related to the compatibility with the CNOSSOS-EU calculation method and to the experimental validation are still ongoing. The present paper shows the current draft of the procedure developed.
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| 3. |
- Freitas, Elisabete, et al.
(author)
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Tests and Surveillance on Pavement Surface Characteristics
- 2023
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In: Advances on Testing and Experimentation in Civil Engineering. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. ; , s. 135-161
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pavement surface characteristics have been gaining relevance with the changing mobility paradigm as they greatly contribute to the degree of safety, comfort, environmental quality and long lasting pavements. The surveillance methods of pavement surface characteristics have evolved from manual to semi- and automated methods and also to more cost-effective methods. Automated condition surveys provide objective high-quality data. At network level, pavement distresses, friction, evenness and texture are currently surveilled. More rarely surveyed and related to sustainability demands are tyre-road noise and rolling resistance. They rely on dedicated pavement data collection vehicles or trailers coupled to vehicles, equipped with high-speed digital cameras, laser systems, ultrasonic sensors, accelerometers, microphones, etc. As a complementary alternative to these methods, unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with cameras as well as smartphone-based data collection methods are arising. In a design framework, the laboratory methods to survey pavement surface characteristics often use the same technology as in the field tests adapted to a much smaller scale and lower testing speed. In this chapter, the latest advances in laboratory and field tests, and surveillance methods of pavement surface characteristics are described and their performance is analyzed.
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| 4. |
- Goubert, Luc, et al.
(author)
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Development of the ultra low noise poroelastic road surface : The findings of the persuade project
- 2016
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In: ICSV 2016 - 23rd International Congress on Sound and Vibration. - 9789609922623
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A poroelastic road surface (PERS) consists of rubber granulates and stone aggregates, bound with an elastic resin, such as polyurethane. It does not contain bitumen. Thanks to its elasticity, porosity and texture, it is capable of yielding an unequalled noise reduction, typically 8 - 12 dB(A) with respect to reference dense asphalt concrete. Although already invented in 1979, some persistent problems, the most important being as durability, prevented the use of it for noise abatement.In 2009 the six year EU funded project PERSUADE started, aiming to develop a highly noise reducing, safe and affordable PERS with an acceptable durability. The approach of the PERSUADE consortium was at the same time holistic (all aspects of PERS were studied) and step-wise. It started with laboratory testing of mixes and adhesion to the sub layer. Then small scale pilot test tracks were constructed on parking lots and consequently full scale test tracks on real roads. An extensive monitoring program extracted as much as possible information from the test tracks.Many other relevant aspects, such as cost-benefit, fire safety, toxicity, sustainability, etc were thoroughly studied. This contribution outlines all the findings of the project and makes clear how one go further with this technology.
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| 5. |
- Goubert, Luc, et al.
(author)
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Report of the first round robin test for mobile reflectometers : research carried out in the frame of the activities of CEN/TC 226/WG2
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Instrument för mobil mätning av vägmarkeringars retroreflexion har varit kommersiellt tillgängliga sedan slutet av 1990-talet. Det har spekulerats i att mätfelen hos dessa instrument är större än hos de traditionella, handhållna instrumenten. För att få underlag till en standard för mobila instrument har CEN/TC 226/WG2:s expertpanel i ett round robin-test undersökt mätonoggrannheten för tre typer av mobila instrument: Ecodyn 30, LTL-M och Zehntner ZDR 6020. I testet deltog två Ecodyn samt ett instrument av vardera typ LTL-M och Zehntner. Instrumenten numrerades 1–4.En testslinga innehållande 19 kantlinjer och 2 körfältslinjer definierades. Samtliga kantlinjer var heldragna, plana eller profilerade, medan körfältslinjerna var plana och hade längden 3 meter med 9 meters lucka. Varje teststräcka var 200 meter lång och denna mättes två gånger med varje mobilt instrument. Referensmätning gjordes med det handhållna instrumentet LTL-2000 i 32–38 mätpunkter.
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| 6. |
- Goubert, Luc, et al.
(author)
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The balance between practicality and uncertainty in the SPB method : How many heavy vehicles do we need to measure?
- 2020
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In: Proceedings of 2020 International Congress on Noise Control Engineering, INTER-NOISE 2020. - : Korean Society of Noise and Vibration Engineering. - 9788994021362
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The statistical pass-by (SPB) method is an internationally standardized method (ISO 11819-1:1997), designed to assess the acoustical properties of pavements. Although the method is attractive for several reasons (such as low investment, measuring of the overall vehicle noise, representativity of the result for actual noise exposure of the dwellings along the road etc.), it also has some important inconveniences and one of the main is the sometimes excessive duration of the measurement. A factor which is responsible for the excessive duration is the requirement to monitor a minimum of heavy vehicles (at least 80 in the current standard). The ISO 11819 standard is currently under revision and one of the requirements that the working group considers changing is to require a lower number of heavy vehicles to be monitored per measurement. In this paper we will discuss the consequences of this on the accuracy of the measurement result. Another problem perceived by the users of the method is the sometimesdifficult assignment to an HV category and this issue will be discussed as well. © Proceedings of 2020 International Congress on Noise Control Engineering, INTER-NOISE 2020. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Goubert, Luc, et al.
(author)
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The PERSUADE project : developing the concept of poroelastic road surface into a powerful tool for abating traffic noise
- 2010
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In: 39th International Congress on Noise Control Engineering 2010. - Lissabon : Sociedade Portuguesa de Acustica (SPA). - 9781617823961 ; , s. 7329-7338
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Within the noise-abating action plans emanating from the European Noise Directive, there is much need for effective and efficient measures to abate traffic noise. In September 2009, the EC-funded project PERSUADE was started with a view to developing the concept of poroelastic road surface (PERS) into a durable, safe and environmentally friendly tool for extreme noise reduction. The main ingredients for PERS are recycled tyre granules and a polymer binder (generally polyurethane, not bitumen). The work will be carried out by a European consortium of twelve partners specialized in different fields and will be coordinated by the Belgian Road Research Centre. This contribution will discuss the state of the art for PERS and outline the working plan for the PERSUADE project.
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| 8. |
- Goubert, Luc, et al.
(author)
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The Poroelastic Road Surface (PERS) : Is the 10 dB Reducing Pavement within Reach?
- 2016
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In: Materials and Infrastructures 1. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781119318583 - 9781786300294 ; , s. 253-268
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In September 2009, a consortium of 12 partners started to develop a durable, safe and extremely noise-reducing poroelastic road surface (PERS). PERS is a novel pavement type, containing a substantial amount of rubber (new or recycled, e.g. from scrapped tires) and an elastic resin (like polyurethane). The work is carried out in the framework of the PoroElastic Road Surface for Avoiding Damage to the Environment (PERSUADE) project and has the financial support of the European Commission (EC).The project duration is 6 years, and in the first 3 years, the main focus was on the development of a mixture with a number of criteria: a high noise reduction, a sufficient raveling resistance, a sufficient binding to the sublayer and an acceptable drainability. The research of the consortium involved the testing of numerous samples with a variety of laboratory tests and led to two promising mix formulas. The consortium has started with the construction of five "full-scale" test tracks in five different countries and these tracks will be monitored. The PERSUADE project includes the study of environmental and economic aspects.
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| 9. |
- Kragh, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
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Optimization of thin asphalt layers : state-of-the-art review
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ERA-NET ROAD initiated a transnational research project titled "Optimization of thin asphalt layers" (OPTHINAL). The DRI-BRRC-VTI Consortium was trusted with carrying out the project and began with a State-of-the-Art report covering, among other things, a literature study and an inventory of experience with using thin asphalt layers (TAL). The results of this phase of the project are given in the present report.This study was limited to thin asphalt mixtures with a maximum thickness of 30 mm, which means that surface dressings or slurry seals were outside the scope of the project. Neither were top layers of double-layer porous pavements considered as TAL, even though such top layers often are 20-30 mm thick. Mix design and optimization was the subject of another study in this project and is therefore not treated here. The main conclusions are that the application of TAL is certainly worthwhile, in particular asa renewable “skin” of a stable road construction having sufficient bearing capacity. The skin serves road users’ need for sufficient skidding resistance and other important functions.
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| 10. |
- Kragh, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
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Optimization of thin asphalt layers, OPTHINAL. Final report
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ERA-NET ROAD initiated a transnational research project titled "Optimization of thin asphalt layers". Thin asphalt layers have been used extensively and with promising results for more than 15 years in several countries in Europe and abroad. They seem to be cost effective, fast to build and may have good surface properties. In recent years thin asphalt layers have been shown to imply reduced traffic noise levels, increased traffic safety (skid resistance and forward visibility during wet condition) and to be durable compared with traditional alternatives.The DRI-BRRC-VTI Consortium was trusted with carrying out the ERA-NET ROAD project and began with a State-of-the-Art report covering, among other things, a literature study and an inventory of experience with using thin asphalt layers. The results of this phase of the project were documented in a separate project report.The main conclusions were that the application of thin asphalt layers is certainly worthwhile, in particular as a renewable "skin" of a stable road construction having sufficient bearing capacity. The skin serves road users' need for skid resistance and other important functions. Compared with more conventional and traditional surfacing such as dense asphalt concrete 0/11 or stone mastic asphalt 0/11, thin asphalt layers in general come out somewhat better in most respects; for example concerning cost, use of nature resources, rolling resistance, and traffic noise emission. However, there are also drawbacks or problems under special traffic that need to be handled, for example TAL durability when exposed to wear from studded tyres. The availability of premium quality aggregate is a prerequisite for applying thin asphalt layers, and good quality aggregate may be difficult to procure.The present report looks at possibilities to optimize the application of thin asphalt layers, including an analysis of the cost of applying thin asphalt layers compared with the cost of applying more conventional solutions. The study has been limited to thin asphalt layers with a maximum thickness of 30 mm.Recommendations are given concerning the best practice in applying thin asphalt layers and suggestions are given for future research needed to fill the gaps in available knowledge.
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