| 1. |
- Ludwig, Frank, et al.
(author)
-
Magnetic, Structural, and Particle Size Analysis of Single- and Multi-Core Magnetic Nanoparticles
- 2014
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. - 0018-9464 .- 1941-0069. ; 50:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have measured and analyzed three different commercial magnetic nanoparticle systems, both multi-core and single-core in nature, with the particle (core) size ranging from 20 to 100 nm. Complementary analysis methods and same characterization techniques were carried out in different labs and the results are compared with each other. The presented results primarily focus on determining the particle size-both the hydrodynamic size and the individual magnetic core size-as well as magnetic and structural properties. The used analysis methods include transmission electron microscopy, static and dynamic magnetization measurements, and Mossbauer spectroscopy. We show that particle (hydrodynamic and core) size parameters can be determined from different analysis techniques and the individual analysis results agree reasonably well. However, in order to compare size parameters precisely determined from different methods and models, it is crucial to establish standardized analysis methods and models to extract reliable parameters from the data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Schier, P., et al.
(author)
-
European Research on Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications : Standardisation Aspects
- 2020
-
In: 21st Polish Conference on Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, PCBBE 2019. - Cham : Springer Verlag. - 9783030298845 ; , s. 316-326
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Magnetic nanoparticles have many applications in biomedicine and other technical areas. Despite their huge economic impact, there are no standardised procedures available to measure their basic magnetic properties. The International Organization for Standardization is working on a series of documents on the definition of characteristics of magnetic nanomaterials. We review previous and ongoing European research projects on characteristics of magnetic nanoparticles and present results of an online survey among European researchers.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fakih, M., et al.
(author)
-
SAFEPOWER project : Architecture for safe and power-efficient mixed-criticality systems
- 2017
-
In: Microprocessors and microsystems. - : Elsevier. - 0141-9331 .- 1872-9436. ; 52, s. 89-105
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the ever increasing industrial demand for bigger, faster and more efficient systems, a growing number of cores is integrated on a single chip. Additionally, their performance is further maximized by simultaneously executing as many processes as possible without regarding their criticality. Even safety critical domains like railway and avionics apply these paradigms under strict certification regulations. As the number of cores is continuously expanding, the importance of cost-effectiveness grows. One way to increase the cost-efficiency of such System on Chip (SoC) is to enhance the way the SoC handles its power resources. By increasing the power efficiency, the reliability of the SoC is raised because the lifetime of the battery lengthens. Secondly, by having less energy consumed, the emitted heat is reduced in the SoC which translates into fewer cooling devices. Though energy efficiency has been thoroughly researched, there is no application of those power saving methods in safety critical domains yet. The EU project SAFEPOWER1.
|
|
| 4. |
- Grüttner, K., et al.
(author)
-
CONTREX : Design of embedded mixed-criticality CONTRol systems under consideration of EXtra-functional properties
- 2017
-
In: Microprocessors and microsystems. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0141-9331 .- 1872-9436. ; 51, s. 39-55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing processing power of today's HW/SW platforms leads to the integration of more and more functions in a single device. Additional design challenges arise when these functions share computing resources and belong to different criticality levels. CONTREX complements current activities in the area of predictable computing platforms and segregation mechanisms with techniques to consider the extra-functional properties, i.e., timing constraints, power, and temperature. CONTREX enables energy efficient and cost aware design through analysis and optimization of these properties with regard to application demands at different criticality levels. This article presents an overview of the CONTREX European project, its main innovative technology (extension of a model based design approach, functional and extra-functional analysis with executable models and run-time management) and the final results of three industrial use-cases from different domain (avionics, automotive and telecommunication).
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Ström, Valter, et al.
(author)
-
A novel and rapid method for quantification of magnetic nanoparticle-cell interactions using a desktop susceptometer
- 2004
-
In: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 15:5, s. 457-466
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Activated endothelial cells (EC) are attractive prime targets for specific drug delivery using drug-carrying magnetic nanoparticles. In order to accomplish EC targeting, the interaction between magnetic particles and resting as well as activated endothelial cells must be characterized and quantified, because it will influence particle biodistribution, circulation half-time, and targeting efficacy. Here, we have quantified in vitro the interaction (adhesion/phagocytosis) between human endothelial cells and magnetite (Fe3O4) particles carrying different surface coatings with varying degrees of hydrophilicity and surface charge. Almost no adhesion was observed (about 1% or less) for three out of five particle types carrying plain dextran, carboxyl-substituted poly(ethylene glycol) and silica C18 coatings. In contrast, carboxyl-functionalized dextran and poly(ethylene glycol)-coated particles adhered or were phagocytosed to a considerable degree (58 and 26%, respectively). These clear and accurate results were obtained by measuring the magnetic response, i.e. magnetic susceptibility, from different fractions of the cell cultures as a means of determining the concentration of magnetic particles. Visible light and electron microscopy confirmed the magnetic quantification. To meet the need for a rapid yet sensitive instrument, we have developed a desktop magnetic susceptometer especially adapted for liquid samples or particles in a suspension. Despite its very high sensitivity, it is easy to operate and requires but a few seconds for a measurement. We also describe the construction and operation of this instrument.
|
|
