| 1. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(author)
-
New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
-
In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Allwood, Jens, et al.
(author)
-
Modeling embodied feedback with virtual humans
- 2008
-
In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783540790365 ; 4930
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 4. |
- Allwood, Jens, 1947, et al.
(author)
-
The Analysis of Embodied Communicative Feedback in Multimodal Corpora - a prerequisite for behavior simulation.
- 2008
-
In: Language Resources and Evaluation. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1574-020X .- 1574-0218 .- 1572-8412. ; 41:3-4, s. 255-272
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Communicative feedback refers to unobtrusive (usually short) vocal or bodily expressions whereby a recipient of information can inform a contributor of information about whether he/she is able and willing to communicate, perceive the information, and understand the information. This paper provides a theory for embodied communicative feedback, describing the different dimensions and features involved. It also provides a corpus analysis part, describing a first data coding and analysis method geared to find the features postulated by the theory. The corpus analysis part describes different methods and statistical procedures and discusses their applicability and the possible insights gained with these methods.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(author)
-
Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
-
In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
|
|
| 7. |
- Pazhoohi, Farid, et al.
(author)
-
The effect of women’s leg posture on gazing behavior and perceived attractiveness
- 2020
-
In: Current Psychology. - Berlin : Springer. - 1046-1310 .- 1936-4733. ; 39:3, s. 1049-1054
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Subtle nonverbal changes can influence perception, signal individual’s affective state and act as gateways in interpersonal communications. In this exploratory study, we investigated the effect of previously uninvestigated female leg posture (in-toeing vs. out-toeing) on gazing behavior and perceived attractiveness. Results showed a small effect: participants fixated more and spent more time looking at the legs and feet of the stimuli with in-toeing feet than parallel and out-toeing feet. Likewise, we found a small effect for the perception of the attractiveness. In line with the previous studies, we suggest in-toeing feet might signal femininity and submission and discussed our results accordingly.
|
|
| 8. |
- Weissenberg, Sarah Y., et al.
(author)
-
Identification and Characterization of Post-activated B Cells in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
- 2019
-
In: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autoimmune diseases (AID) such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic inflammatory diseases in which abnormalities of B cell function play a central role. Although it is widely accepted that autoimmune B cells are hyperactive in vivo, a full understanding of their functional status in AID has not been delineated. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the functional capabilities of AID B cells and dissect the mechanisms underlying altered B cell function. Upon BCR activation, decreased spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) phosphorylation was noted in AID memory B cells combined with constitutive co-localization of CD22 and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 6 (SHP-1) along with hyporesponsiveness to TLR9 signaling, a Syk-dependent response. Similar BCR hyporesponsiveness was also noted specifically in SLE CD27-B cells together with increased PTP activities and increased transcripts for PTPN2, PTPN11, PTPN22, PTPRC, and PTPRO in SLE B cells. Additional studies revealed that repetitive BCR stimulation of normal B cells can induce BCR hyporesponsiveness and that tissue-resident memory B cells from AID patients also exhibited decreased responsiveness immediately ex vivo, suggesting that the hyporesponsive status can be acquired by repeated exposure to autoantigen(s) in vivo. Functional studies to overcome B cell hyporesponsiveness revealed that CD40 co-stimulation increased BCR signaling, induced proliferation, and downregulated PTP expression (PTPN2, PTPN22, and receptor-type PTPs). The data support the conclusion that hyporesponsiveness of AID and especially SLE B cells results from chronic in vivo stimulation through the BCR without T cell help mediated by CD40-CD154 interaction and is manifested by decreased phosphorylation of BCR-related proximal signaling molecules and increased PTPs. The hyporesponsiveness of AID B cells is similar to a form of functional anergy.
|
|
