| 1. |
- Bruneau, Anne, et al.
(author)
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Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification
- 2024
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In: PhytoKeys. - Sofia : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-2011 .- 1314-2003. ; 240, s. 1-552
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) with ca. 4680 species and 163 genera. It is an ecologically and economically important group formed of mostly woody perennials that range from large canopy emergent trees to functionally herbaceous geoxyles, lianas and shrubs, and which has a global distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. Following the recent re-circumscription of 15 Caesalpinioideae genera as presented in Advances in Legume Systematics 14, Part 1, and using as a basis a phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear gene sequences for 420 species and all but five of the genera currently recognised in the subfamily, we present a new higher-level classification for the subfamily. The new classification of Caesalpinioideae comprises eleven tribes, all of which are either new, reinstated or re-circumscribed at this rank: Caesalpinieae Rchb. (27 genera / ca. 223 species), Campsiandreae LPWG (2 / 5-22), Cassieae Bronn (7 / 695), Cera-tonieae Rchb. (4 / 6), Dimorphandreae Benth. (4 / 35), Erythrophleeae LPWG (2 /13), Gleditsieae Nakai (3 / 20), Mimoseae Bronn (100 / ca. 3510), Pterogyneae LPWG (1 / 1), Schizolobieae Nakai (8 / 42-43), Sclerolobieae Benth. & Hook. f. (5 / ca. 113). Although many of these lineages have been recognised and named in the past, either as tribes or informal generic groups, their circumscriptions have varied widely and changed over the past decades, such that all the tribes described here differ in generic membership from those previously recognised. Importantly, the approximately 3500 species and 100 genera of the former subfamily Mimosoideae are now placed in the reinstated, but newly circumscribed, tribe Mimoseae. Because of the large size and ecological importance of the tribe, we also provide a clade-based classification system for Mimoseae that includes 17 named lower-level clades. Fourteen of the 100 Mimoseae genera remain unplaced in these lower-level clades: eight are resolved in two grades and six are phylogenetically isolated monogeneric lineages. In addition to the new classification, we provide a key to genera, morphological descriptions and notes for all 163 genera, all tribes, and all named clades. The diversity of growth forms, foliage, flowers and fruits are illustrated for all genera, and for each genus we also provide a distribution map, based on quality-controlled herbarium specimen localities. A glossary for specialised terms used in legume morphology is provided. This new phylogenetically based classification of Caesalpinioideae provides a solid system for communication and a framework for downstream analyses of biogeography, trait evolution and diversification, as well as for taxonomic revision of still understudied genera.
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| 2. |
- Guerra, Matheus, et al.
(author)
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Effects of a 10-Week Physical Activity Intervention on Asylum Seekers' Physiological Health
- 2022
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In: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425. ; 12:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The rise in armed conflicts has contributed to an increase in the number of asylum seekers. Prolonged asylum processes may negatively affect asylum seekers' health and lead to inactivity. Studies show that physical activity interventions are associated with improvements in health outcomes. However, there are a limited number of studies investigating the associations of physical activity on asylum seekers' health. Methods: Participants (263 males and 204 females), mostly from Syria, were assessed before and after a 10-week intervention for VO2 max, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat, and visceral fat. Linear mixed models were used to test differences within groups, and a linear regression model analysis was performed to test whether physiological variables predicted adherence. Results: Participants' VO2 max increased: males by 2.96 mL/min/kg and females 2.57 mL/min/kg. Increased SMM percentages were seen in both genders: females by 0.38% and males 0.23%. Visceral fat area decreased: males by 0.73 cm(2) and females 5.44 cm(2). Conclusions: Participants showed significant increases in VO2 max and SMM and decreased visceral fat. This study provides an insight into asylum seekers' health and serves as a starting point to new interventions in which physical activity is used as a tool to promote and improve vulnerable populations' health.
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| 3. |
- Guerra, Matheus, et al.
(author)
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Effects of a 10-Week Physical Activity Program on Asylum Seekers’ Physiological Health
- 2020
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In: 32nd Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We evaluated the effect of a 10-week training program on physiological health among a sample of 465 asylum seekers in Sweden, most of them from Syria. We found increases on the overall maximum aerobic fitness along with body composition (e.g., skeletal muscle mass) and a decrease in body fat.
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| 4. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(author)
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The Effect of Physical Exercise Interventions on Character among Asylum Seekers in Sweden
- 2018
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In: 9th European Conference on Positive Psychology. Budapest, Hungary.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: During 2015, 162,877 people sought asylum in Sweden [1]. The asylum period, which in some cases may last for several years, may impair the physical, mental and social health of individuals, most likely because this period may lead to inactivity; which might increase the effects of trauma or other mental health problems. In this context, physical inactivity is now identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality [2]. For instance, the National Board of Health and Welfare in Sweden [3] estimates that 20-30% of the asylum seekers and refugees suffer from mental illness. A comprehensive meta-analysis from 2015 shows that physical activity is an intervention associated with significant improvements in mental health [4]. Further, results from cross-sectional studies as well as a literature review show that physical activity is associated with better health and that physical activity may reduce the risk of non-communicable disease and premature death [2]. Despite of all these evidence, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies investigating the effects of training programs on refugee or newcomer populations. Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effect on mental health of a 10-week training program among a small sample of newcomers, mostly originally from Syria. Method: Participants (33 men, 18 women) answered to the Short Character Inventory [5] and the Satisfaction with Life Scale [6] at the start and at the end of the 10-week training program. Results: Self-directedness, Cooperativeness, and Life Satisfaction had neither increased nor decreased after the physical intervention. Self-transcendence, however, had significantly increased after the intervention (F (1,50) = 7.04, p <.05, partial ƞ2 = 0.12, observed power = 0.74). Worth noticing is that this effect was larger among the women who participated in the intervention. Conclusions: Character is defined as individual differences in values, goals and self-conscious emotions and the ability to adapt and self-regulation. Self-transcendence (i.e., the identification with something bigger than oneself, such as, god, nature, all humanity) [7] was the character dimension that increased the most after the intervention, especially among the female newcomers. In other words, the intervention did not have a negative impact on the mental health of the individuals and, although relatively weak, the effect on Self-transcendence is probably of importance in the participants’ lives. Clinical practice shows that there are three different ways that lead to a downward spiral of mental health [8]. One of them is the decrease in or underdevelopment of Self-transcendence, because low Self-transcendence means that the individual feels disconnected from his environment, impatient, judgmental and sees the world without meaning, which means loss of trust. When we catastrophize, or become impatient and judgmental, we are absorbed in struggling with problems and obstacles that we have no control over, as in post-traumatic stress syndrome [7]. Hence, these preliminary results suggest that physical activity increased the sense of meaning and connectedness to society among this sample of newcomers.
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| 5. |
- Nima, Ali Al, et al.
(author)
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Physical Activity for Refugees in Sweden: Effects on Biophysiological Measures
- 2018
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In: 30th APS Annual Convention. San Francisco, CA, USA: 27-27 May 2018.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a 10-week training program on biophysiological measures among a sample of refugees in Sweden, mostly from Syria. The analyses suggested that physical activity increased the overall maximum aerobic fitness together with body composition (e.g., skeletal muscle mass), whereas body fat decreased.
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