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| 2. |
- Gujar, A. N., et al.
(author)
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Comparison of biochemical markers of bone metabolism between conventional labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances
- 2020
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In: Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. - 1119-3077. ; 23:4, s. 568-573
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: The applied orthodontic force causes remodeling of the periodontium through the selective release of cytokines causing resorption of bone, enabling controlled movement of the tooth. This study compared the cytokine profile between patients treated with conventional labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances. Patients and Methods: The study included 80 patients in need of orthodontic treatment, out of which 40 patients were treated by the labial fixed appliance and 40 by the lingual fixed appliance. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) specimens were gathered from both the groups using a microcapillary pipette. The samples were collected at the beginning of the treatment and after 21 days. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to evaluate the cytokine levels. Results: Interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, 1 beta, 2, 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were significantly high (P < 0.001) in GCF of participants treated with conventional labial fixed appliance. IL-1 alpha, 1 beta, 2, 6, 8, and TNF-alpha levels were significantly high (P < 0.001) in GCF of participants treated by the lingual fixed appliance. The concentrations of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta were increased higher than other cytokines in both the treatment groups. Conclusion: Overall, the lingual fixed appliance had higher cytokine levels than a labial fixed appliance. Analyzing the GCF cytokine levels during orthodontic treatment could provide an ideal platform for monitoring the progress of the treatment.
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| 3. |
- Paillet, J, et al.
(author)
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Autoimmunity affecting the biliary tract fuels the immunosurveillance of cholangiocarcinoma
- 2021
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In: The Journal of experimental medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 1540-9538 .- 0022-1007. ; 218:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) results from the malignant transformation of cholangiocytes. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are chronic diseases in which cholangiocytes are primarily damaged. Although PSC is an inflammatory condition predisposing to CCA, CCA is almost never found in the autoimmune context of PBC. Here, we hypothesized that PBC might favor CCA immunosurveillance. In preclinical murine models of cholangitis challenged with syngeneic CCA, PBC (but not PSC) reduced the frequency of CCA development and delayed tumor growth kinetics. This PBC-related effect appeared specific to CCA as it was not observed against other cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. The protective effect of PBC was relying on type 1 and type 2 T cell responses and, to a lesser extent, on B cells. Single-cell TCR/RNA sequencing revealed the existence of TCR clonotypes shared between the liver and CCA tumor of a PBC host. Altogether, these results evidence a mechanistic overlapping between autoimmunity and cancer immunosurveillance in the biliary tract.
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| 4. |
- Gujar, A. N., et al.
(author)
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Cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic treatment with aligners compared to conventional labial fixed appliances: a 3-week clinical study
- 2019
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In: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 77:6, s. 474-481
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To test the hypothesis that the levels of IL-1 ss and TNF-alpha increased more and IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 increased less, after 3weeks of treatment with conventional labial fixed appliance and with aligners.Material and methods: Forty patients who were treated either with labial brackets (n=20) or aligners (n=20). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and after 21days. Cytokine levels were evaluated by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (POB) were also examined.Results: The levels of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 ss, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in the GCF were significantly increased in both groups. The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 increased more in patients treated with aligners compared to those treated by labial fixed appliances. There was a statistically significant difference in change of the mean cytokine levels of IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha compared to labial fixed appliances and aligners.Conclusions: The levels of the six studied cytokines in GCF (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 ss, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha) increased after 3weeks both after treatment with conventional labial fixed appliance and with aligners. IL-1 ss and TNF-alpha showed a prominent increase compared to the other cytokines in the GCF of teeth by both the labial fixed appliance and aligners. However, there were only minor differences in the changes of the cytokine levels from baseline to 3weeks between the two groups. There were no differences between the groups regarding PI, GI or POB.
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| 6. |
- Carriere, Yves, et al.
(author)
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Governing evolution : A socioecological comparison of resistance management for insecticidal transgenic Bt crops among four countries
- 2020
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In: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 49:1, s. 1-16
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cooperative management of pest susceptibility to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops is pursued worldwide in a variety of forms and to varying degrees of success depending on context. We examine this context using a comparative socioecological analysis of resistance management in Australia, Brazil, India, and the United States. We find that a shared understanding of resistance risks among government regulators, growers, and other actors is critical for effective governance. Furthermore, monitoring of grower compliance with resistance management requirements, surveillance of resistance, and mechanisms to support rapid implementation of remedial actions are essential to achieve desirable outcomes. Mandated resistance management measures, strong coordination between actors, and direct linkages between the group that appraises resistance risks and growers also appear to enhance prospects for effective governance. Our analysis highlights factors that could improve current governance systems and inform other initiatives to conserve susceptibility as a contribution to the cause of public good.
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| 8. |
- Pol, JG, et al.
(author)
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Cytokines in oncolytic virotherapy
- 2020
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In: Cytokine & growth factor reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0305 .- 1359-6101. ; 56, s. 4-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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