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- Arsene, I. C., et al.
(author)
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Rapidity and centrality dependence of particle production for identified hadrons in Cu + Cu collisions at s NN =200 GeV
- 2016
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In: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813. ; 94:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The BRAHMS collaboration has measured transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons at rapidities 0 and 3 for Cu+Cu collisions at sNN=200 GeV. As the collisions become more central the collective radial flow increases while the temperature of kinetic freeze-out decreases. The temperature is lower and the radial flow weaker at forward rapidity. Pion and kaon yields with transverse momenta between 1.5 and 2.5 GeV/c are suppressed for central collisions relative to scaled p+p collisions. This suppression, which increases as the collisions become more central, is consistent with jet quenching models and is also present with comparable magnitude at forward rapidity. At such rapidities, initial state effects may also be present and persistence of the meson suppression to high rapidity may reflect a combination of jet quenching and nuclear shadowing. The ratio of protons to mesons increases as the collisions become more central and is largest at forward rapidities.
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- Craggs, L. J. L., et al.
(author)
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Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J immunoreactivity is associated with white matter damage in cerebral small vessel diseases
- 2016
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In: Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology. - : Wiley. - 0305-1846 .- 1365-2990. ; 42:2, s. 194-209
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AimBrain clusterin is known to be associated with the amyloid- deposits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed the distribution of clusterin immunoreactivity in cerebrovascular disorders, particularly focusing on white matter changes in small vessel diseases. MethodsPost-mortem brain tissues from the frontal or temporal lobes of a total of 70 subjects with various disorders including cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and AD were examined using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We further used immunogold electron microscopy to study clusterin immunoreactivity in extracellular deposits in CADASIL. ResultsImmunostaining with clusterin antibodies revealed strong localization in arterioles and capillaries, besides cortical neurones. We found that clusterin immunostaining was significantly increased in the frontal white matter of CADASIL and pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy and leukoencephalopathy subjects. In addition, clusterin immunostaining correlated with white matter pathology severity scores. Immunostaining in axons ranged from fine punctate deposits in single axons to larger confluent areas with numerous swollen axon bulbs, similar to that observed with known axon damage markers such as non-phosphorylated neurofilament H and the amyloid precursor protein. Immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy experiments showed that whereas clusterin immunoreactivity was closely associated with vascular amyloid- in CAA, it was lacking within the granular osmiophilic material immunolabelled by NOTCH3 extracelluar domain aggregates found in CADASIL. ConclusionsOur results suggest a wider role for clusterin associated with white matter damage in addition to its ability to chaperone proteins for clearance via the perivascular drainage pathways in several disease states.
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- Danielsson, D., et al.
(author)
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Brachytherapy and osteoradionecrosis in patients with base of tongue cancer
- 2023
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In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 143:1, s. 77-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Base of tongue cancer incidence and patient survival is increasing why treatment sequelae becomes exceedingly important. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a late adverse effect of radiotherapy and brachytherapy (BT) could be a risk factor. Brachytherapy is used in three out of six health care regions in Sweden. Aims: Investigate if patients treated in regions using BT show an increased risk for ORN and whether brachytherapy has any impact on overall survival. Material and Methods: We used data from the Swedish Head and Neck Cancer Register between 2008–2014. Due to the nonrandomized nature of the study and possible selection bias we compared the risk for ORN in brachy vs non-brachy regions. Results: Fifty out of 505 patients (9.9%) developed ORN; eight of these were treated in nonbrachy regions (16%), while 42 (84%) were treated in brachy regions. Neither age, sex, TNM-classification/stage, p16, smoking, neck dissection, or chemotherapy differed between ORN and no-ORN patients. The risk for ORN was significantly higher for patients treated in brachy regions compared to non-brachy regions (HR = 2,63, p =.012), whereas overall survival did not differ (HR = 0.95, p =.782). Conclusions and Significance: Brachytherapy ought to be used cautiously for selected patients or within prospective randomized studies.
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- Leggett, Sarah, et al.
(author)
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Test-retest Reliability and Correlations of 5 Global Measures Addressing At-work Productivity Loss in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases.
- 2016
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In: Journal of Rheumatology. - : The Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 43:2, s. 433-439
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several global measures to assess at-work productivity loss or presenteeism in patients with rheumatic diseases have been proposed, but the comparative validity is hampered by the lack of data on test-retest reliability and comparative concurrent and construct validity. Our objective was to test-retest 5 global measures of presenteeism and to compare the association between these scales and health-related well-being.
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- Mellblom Bengtsson, M., et al.
(author)
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Lower extremity function in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis during the first five years, and relation to other disease parameters
- 2019
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 48:5, s. 367-374
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate lower extremity function in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and assess its relation to other disease parameters. Methods: An inception cohort (recruited in 1995–2005) of patients with early RA was followed according to a structured protocol. Lower extremity function was investigated at inclusion and after 1, 2, and 5 years using the Index of Muscle Function (IMF; total score 0–40). Self-reported disability was estimated using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). The same rheumatologist assessed patients for swollen joints and joint tenderness. Results: In total, 106 patients were included. Lower extremity function improved from baseline to the 1 year visit [IMF total median 10, interquartile range (IQR) 4–16 vs 7, IQR 3–12; p = 0.01]. This was followed by a decline in lower extremity function. Throughout the study, there were significant correlations between IMF and HAQ scores (r = 0.38–0.58; p < 0.001 at all time-points). Patients with knee and/or ankle synovitis at inclusion had significantly higher IMF scores than those without such joint involvement, with similar associations for joint tenderness. In multivariate linear regression analysis, ankle synovitis was significantly associated with higher IMF scores (β = 2.91, 95% confidence interval 0.28–5.54), whereas there was no such association for metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthritis. Conclusion: Lower extremity function in early RA improved during the first year, followed by a gradual decline. Ankle involvement had a greater impact than MTP involvement on lower extremity function. This highlights the importance of treating large-joint disease in RA.
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| 10. |
- Romano, A., et al.
(author)
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Reputation and socio-ecology in humans
- 2021
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In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 376:1838
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reputation is a fundamental feature of human sociality as it sustains cooperative relationships among unrelated individuals. Research from various disciplines provides insights on how individuals form impressions of others, condition their behaviours based on the reputation of their interacting partners and spread or learn such reputations. However, past research has often neglected the socio-ecological conditions that can shape reputation systems and their effect on cooperation. Here, we outline how social environments, cultural values and institutions come to play a crucial role in how people navigate reputation systems. Moreover, we illustrate how these socio-ecological dimensions affect the interdependence underlying social interactions (e.g. potential recipients of reputational benefits, degree of dependence) and the extent to which reputation systems promote cooperation. To do so, we review the interdisciplinary literature that illustrates how reputation systems are shaped by the variation of prominent ecological features. Finally, we discuss the implications of a socio-ecological approach to the study of reputation and outline potential avenues for future research.
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