| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Ernst, et al.
(author)
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Using conformal prediction to prioritize compound synthesis in drug discovery
- 2017
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In: Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. - Stockholm : Machine Learning Research. ; , s. 174-184
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The choice of how much money and resources to spend to understand certain problems is of high interest in many areas. This work illustrates how computational models can be more tightly coupled with experiments to generate decision data at lower cost without reducing the quality of the decision. Several different strategies are explored to illustrate the trade off between lowering costs and quality in decisions.AUC is used as a performance metric and the number of objects that can be learnt from is constrained. Some of the strategies described reach AUC values over 0.9 and outperforms strategies that are more random. The strategies that use conformal predictor p-values show varying results, although some are top performing.The application studied is taken from the drug discovery process. In the early stages of this process compounds, that potentially could become marketed drugs, are being routinely tested in experimental assays to understand the distribution and interactions in humans.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, J. Y., et al.
(author)
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Quantum structure based infrared detector research and development within Acreo's centre of excellence IMAGIC
- 2010
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In: Infrared physics & technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4495 .- 1879-0275. ; 53:4, s. 227-230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acreo has a long tradition of working with quantum structure based infrared (IR) detectors and arrays. This includes QWIP (quantum well infrared photodetector), QDIP (quantum dot infrared photodetector), and InAs/GaInSb based photon detectors of different structure and composition. It also covers R&D on uncooled microbolometers. The integrated thermistor material of such detectors is advantageously based on quantum structures that are optimised for high temperature coefficient and low noise. Especially the SiGe material system is preferred due to the compatibility with silicon technology. The R&D work on IR detectors is a prominent part of Acreo's centre of excellence "IMAGIC" on imaging detectors and systems for non-visible wavelengths. IMAGIC is a collaboration between Acreo, several industry partners and universities like the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and Linkoping University. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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How large will the Ukrainian refugee flow be, and which EU countries will they seek refuge in?
- 2022
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Three weeks after the Russian invasion of Ukraine more than three million people have fled the war. Knowledge and predictions on the flow of migrants are important for politicians and other decision makers handling this situation. In this Delmi Policy Brief, data from the Gallup World Poll showing Ukrainians’ willingness to move and preferred destinations before the war is presented. This data can be used as a point of departure when examining how the flows of displaced persons to the EU may develop. This Policy Brief is written by Mikael Elinder (Uppsala University), Oscar Erixson (Uppsala University), and Olle Hammar (Research Institute of Industrial Economics and Institute for Futures Studies).
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| 4. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Hur många kommer fly från Ukraina och vilka EU-länder kommer de söka sig till?
- 2022
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Tre veckor efter att Ryssland invaderade Ukraina har fler än tre miljoner människor flytt från kriget. Kunskap och prognoser om migrationsflöden är ett viktigt verktyg i politikers och andra beslutsfattares arbete med att hantera denna situation. I denna Policy Brief från Delmi presenteras uppgifter från Gallup World Poll som visar ukrainares flyttbenägenhet och önskemål om destination innan kriget samt hur dessa data kan användas som en utgångspunkt för att se hur flyktingströmmarna till EU potentiellt utvecklas. Författare till denna Policy Brief är Mikael Elinder (Uppsala universitet), Oscar Erixson (Uppsala universitet) och Olle Hammar (Institutet för näringslivsforskning och Institutet för framtidsstudier).
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| 5. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Under ytan : Hur många och vilka vill lämna sina länder för att flytta till EU och Sverige?
- 2023
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- De senaste årens migrationsflöden från låg- och medelinkomst- (LMI-) till höginkomstländer har belyst vikten av tillgång till goda prognoser för att säkerställa ett säkert och ordnat mottagande i destinationsländerna. En viktig pusselbit för sådana prognoser ligger i att förstå hur många människor som redan bär på en önskan om att flytta till ett annat land. Syftet med denna rapport är att öka vår kunskap om den delen av världens LMI-befolkning som önskar flytta till ett EU-land eller specifikt till Sverige. Mer specifikt gör vi detta genom att analysera data från Gallup World Poll (GWP) över människors uttryckta vilja att flytta till andra länder. Resultaten visar att en betydande andel av befolkningen i världens LMI-länder vill flytta till andra länder, och då främst till rikare länder. Vi ser även att denna andel har ökat över tid. Totalt rör det sig om över en miljard människor, och av dessa vill nästan 200 miljoner flytta till ett EU-land och omkring 10 miljoner till Sverige. Av de som önskar flytta till Sverige bor ungefär hälften i fem länder: Kina, Iran, Turkiet, Irak och Ryssland. De som vill flytta från sina hemländer skiljer sig från de som föredrar att stanna kvar genom att de oftare är män, unga och utan familj, stadsbor, relativt välutbildade och har högre inkomster. De som specifikt uppger att de vill flytta till Sverige utmärker sig också genom att de är mindre religiösa och oftare har hälsoproblem.
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| 6. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Vart vill ukrainarna ta vägen? Migrationspreferenser i Ukraina
- 2023
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In: Ekonomisk Debatt. - : Nationalekonomiska Föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; 51:4, s. 53-57
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Sedan den ryska invasionen av Ukraina startade för ett år sedan har åtta miljoner ukrainare lämnat landet. Men hur många vill lämna landet permanent? Och till vilka destinationsländer? Enligt data från Gallup World Poll vill ytterligare fyra miljoner ukrainare lämna landet om de får möjlighet. Dessutom skulle många av dem som redan har lämnat landet föredra att stanna permanent i sina nya värdländer.
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| 7. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Where Would Ukrainian Refugees Go if They Could Go Anywhere?
- 2023
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In: The international migration review. - : Sage Publications. - 0197-9183 .- 1747-7379. ; 57:2, s. 587-602
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present estimates of the number of refugees expected to flee Ukraine and to which countries they are expected to migrate based on migration preferences data from the Gallup World Poll (GWP). This is important in terms of both immediate refugee assistance efforts and long-term integration policies. Our key finding is that as many as 12 million people may want to leave Ukraine permanently and that refugee policies in potential destination countries are likely to have a substantial impact on the distribution of Ukrainian refugees between different countries. More specifically, international solidarity in response to the migration crisis would significantly reduce the refugee flows to European Union (EU) countries, incur a limited burden on non-EU countries, and at the same time, better take the preferences of the Ukrainians into account.
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| 8. |
- Ericson, Petrea, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Low Levels of Exhaled Surfactant Protein A Associated With BOS After Lung Transplantation
- 2016
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In: Transplantation Direct. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2373-8731. ; 2:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. There is no clinically available marker for early detection or monitoring of chronic rejection in the form of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), the main long-term complication after lung transplantation. Sampling and analysis of particles in exhaled air is a valid, noninvasive method for monitoring surfactant protein A (SP-A) and albumin in the distal airways. Methods. We asked whether differences in composition of exhaled particles can be detected when comparing stable lung transplant recipients (LTRs) (n = 26) with LTRs who develop BOS (n = 7). A comparison between LTRs and a matching group of healthy controls (n = 33) was also conducted. Using a system developed in-house, particles were collected from exhaled air by the principal of inertial impaction before chemical analysis by immunoassays. Results. Surfactant protein A in exhaled particles and the SP-A/albumin ratio were lower (P = 0.002 and P = 0.0001 respectively) in the BOS group compared to the BOS-free group. LTRs exhaled higher amount of particles (P < 0.0001) and had lower albumin content (P < 0.0001) than healthy controls. Conclusions. We conclude that low levels of SP-A in exhaled particles are associated with increased risk of BOS in LTRs. The possibility that this noninvasive method can be used to predict BOS onset deserves further study with prospective and longitudinal approaches.
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| 9. |
- Fredriksson, Sofie, 1983, et al.
(author)
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The effect of occupational noise exposure on tinnitus and sound-induced auditory fatigue among obstetrics personnel: a cross-sectional study.
- 2015
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 5:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective There is a lack of research on effects of occupational noise exposure in traditionally female-dominated workplaces. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess risk of noise-induced hearing-related symptoms among obstetrics personnel. Design A cross-sectional study was performed at an obstetric ward in Sweden including a questionnaire among all employees and sound level measurements in 61 work shifts at the same ward. Participants 115 female employees responded to a questionnaire (72% of all 160 employees invited). Main outcome measures Self-reported hearing-related symptoms in relation to calculated occupational noise exposure dose and measured sound levels. Results Sound levels exceeded the 80dB LAeq limit for protection of hearing in 46% of the measured work shifts. One or more hearing-related symptoms were reported by 55% of the personnel. In logistic regression models, a significant association was found between occupational noise exposure dose and tinnitus (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.09) and sound-induced auditory fatigue (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.07). Work-related stress and noise annoyance at work were reported by almost half of the personnel. Sound-induced auditory fatigue was associated with work-related stress and noise annoyance at work, although stress slightly missed significance in a multivariable model. No significant interactions were found. Conclusions This study presents new results showing that obstetrics personnel are at risk of noise-induced hearing-related symptoms. Current exposure levels at the workplace are high and occupational noise exposure dose has significant effects on tinnitus and sound-induced auditory fatigue among the personnel. These results indicate that preventative action regarding noise exposure is required in obstetrics care and that risk assessments may be needed in previously unstudied non-industrial communication-intense sound environments.
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| 10. |
- Fredriksson, Sofie, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Validating self-reporting of hearing-related symptoms against pure-tone audiometry,otoacoustic emission, and speech audiometry
- 2016
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In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 55:8, s. 454-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To validate self-reported hearing-related symptoms among personnel exposed to moderately high occupational noise levels at an obstetrics clinic. Design: Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated for questionnaire items assessing hearing loss, tinnitus, sound sensitivity, poor hearing, difficulty perceiving speech, and sound-induced auditory fatigue. Hearing disorder was diagnosed by pure-tone audiometry, distortion Product otoacoustic emissions, and HINT (Hearing In Noise Test). Study sample: Fifty-five female obstetrics personnel aged 22–63 participated; including 26 subjects reporting hearing loss, poor hearing, tinnitus, or sound sensitivity, and 29 randomly selected subjects who did not report these symptoms. Results: The questionnaire item assessing sound-induced auditory fatigue had the best combination of sensitivity 85% (95% CIs 56 to 100%)and specificity 70% (95% CIs 55 to 84%) for hearing disorder diagnosed by audiometry or otoacoustic emission. Of those reporting sound-induced auditory fatigue 71% were predicted to have disorder diagnosed by otoacoustic emission. Participants reporting any hearing-related symptom had slightly worse measured hearing. Conclusions: We suggest including sound-induced auditory fatigue in questionnaires for identification of hearing disorder among Healthcare personnel, though larger studies are warranted for precise estimates of diagnostic performance. Also, more specific and accurate hearing tests are needed to diagnose mild hearing disorder.
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