| 1. |
- Andersson, M, et al.
(author)
-
Adequate iodine nutrition in Sweden: a cross-sectional national study of urinary iodine concentration in school-age children.
- 2009
-
In: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 63:7, s. 828-34
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background/Objectives:Sweden has a long-standing salt iodization program; however, its effects on iodine intake have never been monitored on a national level. The objective of this study was to evaluate iodine nutrition in the Swedish population by measuring the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in a national sample of Swedish school-age (6-12 years of age) children.Subjects/Methods:A stratified probability proportionate to size cluster sampling method was used to obtain a representative national sample of school-age children from 30 clusters. Spot urine samples were collected for UIC analysis using a modified Sandell-Kolthoff method.Results:The median UIC of the children (n=857) was 125 mug/l (range 11-757 mug/l). The proportion of children with a UIC <100 mug/l was 30.0% and the proportion of children with a UIC <50 and >300 mug/l was 5.5 and 3.0%, respectively.Conclusions:The iodine nutritional status of the Swedish population is adequate. Iodized table salt remains the main dietary source of iodine in Swedish diet. Recommendations to reduce total salt intake in the population urge increased use of iodized salt in the production of processed foods. Pregnant and lactating women with high iodine requirements may still be at risk for low iodine intake. This study will serve as the basis for future monitoring of iodine nutritional status in Sweden.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 10 September 2008; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.46.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Hansson, Lena, 1967-, et al.
(author)
-
Vitamin D, liver-related biomarkers, and distribution of fat and lean mass in young patients with Fontan circulation
- 2022
-
In: Cardiology in the Young. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1047-9511 .- 1467-1107. ; 32:6, s. 861-868
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction/aim: Young patients with Fontan circulation may have low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, an affected liver, and unhealthy body compositions. This study aimed to explore the association between vitamin D intake/levels, liver biomarkers, and body composition in young Fontan patients.Method: We collected prospective data in 2017 to 2018, obtained with food-frequency questionnaires, biochemical analyses of liver biomarkers, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans in 44 children with Fontan circulation. Body compositions were compared to matched controls (n = 38). Linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations of biomarkers, leg pain, and lean mass on serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Biomarkers were converted to z scores and differences were evaluated within the Fontan patients.Results: Our Fontan patients had a daily mean vitamin D intake of 9.9 µg and a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D of 56 nmol/L. These factors were not associated with fat or lean mass, leg pain, or biomarkers of liver status. The Fontan patients had significantly less lean mass, but higher fat mass than controls. Male adolescents with Fontan circulation had a greater mean abdominal fat mass than male controls and higher cholesterol levels than females with Fontan circulation.Conclusion: Vitamin D intake and serum levels were not associated with body composition or liver biomarkers in the Fontan group, but the Fontan group had lower lean mass and higher fat mass than controls. The more pronounced abdominal fat mass in male adolescents with Fontan circulation might increase metabolic risks later in life.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hansson, Lena, 1967-
(author)
-
When the paediatric heart is affected : impact on nutrition, growth and body composition from infancy to adolescence
- 2020
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BackgroundChildren with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are two distinct groups of patients with different clinical care needs. Irrespective of the type of heart condition, nutritional intake and growth is largely affected in these individuals during infancy. Although medical care for these conditions has significantly improved in the last several decades, there is still a considerable need for improvement in nutritional support to reach satisfactory growth and development in both these patient groups. In children with complex CHD, there often is underlying malnutrition related to the type and severity of cardiac defect, which constitutes the reason for increased energy metabolism and feeding difficulties. In VLBW infants with a haemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA), additional fluid regulation may result in a subsequent decrease in macronutrient intake. Current knowledge regarding the consequences of growth restrictions and nutritional intake during infancy, as well as body composition and nutritional intake later in childhood, is scarce. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore energy and nutritional intakes in infants, children and adolescents with complex CHD or hsPDA, as well as investigate growth and body composition in these patient groups.Methods In this thesis, four observational studies were conducted. In paper I, the study population consisted of 11 CHD infants and 22 matched controls. A follow up study (paper III) was conducted on these CHD infants at 9 years of age and compared to a new set of age-matched controls (n=10). In paper II, 42 VLBW infants with hsPDA, and 48 referents with VLBW were studied. In paper IV, 44 children and adolescence with Fontan circulation were compared to 38 matched controls. From infancy to adolescence, data on energy, macro- and micronutrient intakes was retrieved from hospital records, from 3-day food diaries or from food frequency questionnaires. Further, anthropometric measures and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed and venous blood samples were analysed. ResultsIn paper I, infants with complex CHD had a higher dietary fat intake and lower carbohydrate and iron intakes compared to controls. Additionally, energy intake did not meet the requirements for growth in the CHD infant cohort, resulting in significantly lower Body Mass index (BMI) for age z-score. In paper II, fluid intakes was restricted after hsPDA diagnosis in VLBW infants resulting in a decrease in energy and protein intakes. The z-score of weight change during the first 28 days of life depended on both PDA status and energy intake. In the follow-up study of the complex CHD infants (paper III), growth was comparable to controls at 9 years of age suggesting a catch-up effect. Despite comparable BMI z-scores, the children with CHD had a higher abdominal fat mass index (FMI) and higher daily intake of fat, particularly from saturated fats, compared to controls. In paper IV, the Fontan population had a daily mean vitamin D intake of 9.9 µg and a mean serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D of 56 nmol/L however, 42% had below sufficient levels. These factors were not associated with lean mass index (LMI), Fat mass index (FMI), or biomarkers of liver status. The Fontan population had significantly less LMI, but higher FMI than controls. Male adolescents with Fontan circulation had a greater mean abdominal FMI than male controls and higher cholesterol levels than females with Fontan circulation.ConclusionInfants with complex CHD, and VLBW infants with hsPDA did not grow as expected with the energy and nutrition provided to them. Follow-up at 9 years of age showed children with complex CHD had caught-up in growth but had increased abdominal FMI and higher intake of saturated fatty acids. In children and adolescents with Fontan circulation, vitamin D levels and intake was not associated with body composition or liver biomarkers. However, it was noted that the Fontan population had a lower LMI and higher FMI compared to controls. Nutritional progress in children with heart conditions can promote growth and improve dietary quality between infancy and adolescence, potentially working to counteract later health risks.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johansson, Stina, 1967-
(author)
-
Jakten på ett hållbart arbete – fackliga utmaningar och möjligheter i mötet med lean
- 2017
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Managementkonceptet lean innehar idag en ledande position inom svensk industri alltsedan konceptet fick sin genomslagskraft på mitten av 1990-talet. Trots att konceptet som sådant väcker frågeställningar om dess inverkan på medlemmarnas arbetsmiljö är det omöjligt för fackföreningsrörelsen att stå emot denna trend; istället har de att finna vägar för att hantera lean. Utifrån ett arbetsvetenskapligt perspektiv har jag följt och kritiskt granskat relationen mellan fackföreningsrörelsen och lean. Syftet med denna avhandling är att identifiera och diskutera fackliga utmaningar och möjligheter kopplade till det ökande användandet av lean, här illustrerat av fackförbundet IF Metall. För att styra implementeringen av lean till att bli ett koncept som stödjer, inte motarbetar, fackliga ideologier och medlemmarnas krav på en säker, utvecklande arbetsmiljö och en trygg anställning lanserade IF Metall 2009 strategin ’det hållbara arbetet’. Vilande på tankarna från den sociotekniska skolan och erfarenheterna gjorda i tidigare strategier, ’det goda arbetet’ (Svenska Metallarbetareförbundet, 1985) och ’det utvecklande arbetet’ (Industrifacket, 1995), bygger denna strategi på tankarna om en utvecklad arbetsorganisation. Avhandlingen bygger på kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med fackliga representanter på olika nivåer och positioner, dokumentstudier, fältanteckningar från informella samtal vid deltagande fackliga aktiviteter samt analyser av tidigare forskning i ämnesområdet. Avhandlingen identifierar och diskuterar de fackliga utmaningarna och möjligheterna kopplade till införandet av lean, detta i termer av kampen om rollen som arbetarnas röst, förändrade industriella relationer, kampen mellan kollektivism och individualism samt en stark jämställdhetsdiskurs i samhället.
|
|
| 6. |
- Magnusson, Maria K, 1972, et al.
(author)
-
Macrophage and dendritic cell subsets in IBD: ALDH cells are reduced in colon tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis regardless of inflammation
- 2016
-
In: Mucosal Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1935-3456 .- 1935-3456 .- 1933-0219. ; 9:1, s. 171-182
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Disruption of the homeostatic balance of intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MQs) may contribute to inflammatory bowel disease. We characterized DC and MQ populations, including their ability to produce retinoic acid, in clinical material encompassing Crohn's ileitis, Crohn's colitis and ulcerative colitis (UC) as well as mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) draining these sites. Increased CD14+DRint MQs characterized inflamed intestinal mucosa while total CD141+ or CD1c+ DCs numbers were unchanged. However, CD103+ DCs, including CD141+CD103+ and CD1c+CD103+ DCs, were reduced in inflamed intestine. In MLNs, two CD14- DC populations were identified: CD11cintHLADRhi and CD11chiHLADRint cells. A marked increase of CD11chiHLADRint DC, particularly DRintCD1c+ DCs, characterized MLNs draining inflamed intestine. The fraction of DC and MQ populations expressing aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, reflecting retinoic acid synthesis, in UC colon, both in active disease and remission, were reduced compared to controls and inflamed Crohn's colon. In contrast, no difference in the frequency of ALDH+ cells among blood precursors was detected between UC patients and non-inflamed controls. This suggests that ALDH activity in myeloid cells in the colon of UC patients, regardless of whether the disease is active or in remission, is influenced by the intestinal environment.
|
|
| 7. |
- Nyström, Helena Filipsson, 1966, et al.
(author)
-
Thyroid volume in Swedish school children: a national, stratified, population-based survey.
- 2010
-
In: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 64:11, s. 1289-95
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sweden has had a salt iodination program since 1936. This first national surveillance study on iodine nutrition infers an adequate level of urinary iodine concentration (UIC 125μg/l) and the aim is now to evaluate thyroid volume (Tvol) in the same national sample.
|
|
| 8. |
- Wenzel, Ulf Alexander, 1975, et al.
(author)
-
Spontaneous colitis in Muc2-deficient mice reflects clinical and cellular features of active ulcerative colitis.
- 2014
-
In: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The colonic mucus layer plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis by limiting contact between luminal bacteria and the mucosal immune system. A defective mucus barrier in animal models allows bacterial contact with the intestinal epithelium and results in spontaneous colitis. A defective mucus barrier is also a key feature of active ulcerative colitis (UC). Alterations in the immune compartment due to intestinal bacterial breach in mice lacking the colon mucus barrier have not been characterized and correlated to active UC.
|
|
