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- Björkman, Hans, et al.
(author)
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A Strategy for Enhancing Trade Union Learning from Members
- 2004
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In: Concepts and Transformation. - : John Benjamins Publishing. - 1384-6639. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sif - a Swedish national trade union for white-collar workers in Industry - has recognized the importance of enhancing its service innovation processes through careful listening to its members. This article will discuss the Design Dialogue Group (DDG) methodology that has been developed through collaborative research between Sif and the Fenix Research Program in order to enhance group creativity and organizational learning. Experiences from DDGs in this study have been related to theories on market orientation, learning orientation, organizational change, creativity and design. The study has resulted in a number of design principles for the organization's capability to attain and develop information from members. The proposed design principles, targeting the organization's core human capabilities in terms of coordination, commitment, and competence, concern activities to strengthen preparations, documentation, and concept elaboration.
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| 2. |
- Hagenbeek, FA, et al.
(author)
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Heritability estimates for 361 blood metabolites across 40 genome-wide association studies
- 2020
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In: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1, s. 39-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Metabolomics examines the small molecules involved in cellular metabolism. Approximately 50% of total phenotypic differences in metabolite levels is due to genetic variance, but heritability estimates differ across metabolite classes. We perform a review of all genome-wide association and (exome-) sequencing studies published between November 2008 and October 2018, and identify >800 class-specific metabolite loci associated with metabolite levels. In a twin-family cohort (N = 5117), these metabolite loci are leveraged to simultaneously estimate total heritability (h2total), and the proportion of heritability captured by known metabolite loci (h2Metabolite-hits) for 309 lipids and 52 organic acids. Our study reveals significant differences in h2Metabolite-hits among different classes of lipids and organic acids. Furthermore, phosphatidylcholines with a high degree of unsaturation have higher h2Metabolite-hits estimates than phosphatidylcholines with low degrees of unsaturation. This study highlights the importance of common genetic variants for metabolite levels, and elucidates the genetic architecture of metabolite classes.
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| 6. |
- Lovén, Eva, 1960-
(author)
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Planned Change and Inertia : Integrating Technology, Organization and Human Aspects
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- New work organization and new computer-based tools can save costs and improve quality. A fact that often is not acknowledged is that new work organization and new computer-based tools take resources from the organization.Three empirical studies were performed in production, concerning changed work organization and managerial innovation. The aim of the companies concerned was that most employees in each studied department should be able to work more flexibly, and thereby manage most work tasks and achieve better quality. Three other studies focused on the application of new computer-based tools to product-development work, i.e. on technological innovation. The computer-based tools (for simulation) were used as a test bed for new ideas and trouble-shooting to obtain improved quality and shorter lead times. The methods employed were interviews, group discussions, questionnaires, workcontent matrices, observations, statistical quality control, and quality-assessment tests. The studies showed that the change effected was not as extensive as management had intended. Inertia was found to have an important role to play in the change process. More specifically, individuals were unwilling to learn new tasks because of the pay system, barriers between departments, the work environment, status of tasks, and the initiation and implementation processes. Information about forthcoming redundancies influenced willingness to rotate tasks and learn new ones. Roles and domains of computer-based tools and participation are other contextual variables that must be discussed in relation to change. The studies also show the importance of integrating technology, organization and human aspects in the course of change.Theoretically, the thesis discusses conceptions of resistance, inertia and restraining forces, and analyzes different theoretical models that integrate technology, organization and human aspects. Some of the subject areas touched upon are industrial and organizational psychology, ecological psychology, sociotechnology, and participatory ergonomics.The thesis shows that contextual aspects influence change/innovation, and the will of the individual to learn new tasks. Contextual aspects acquire new opinions on usability. The thesis also shows that the reasons why changes fail in companies may include difficulties in integrating technology, organization and human aspects. Treating technology, organization and human aspects as interwoven is a complex task theoretically, and is also highly relevant to research design.
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| 7. |
- Stymne, Bengt, et al.
(author)
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Collaborative Research Through an Executive Ph.D. Program
- 2004. - 1st Edition
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In: Collaborative Research in Organizations: Foundations for learning, change, and theoretical development. - Thousand Oaks : SAGE Publications, Inc. - 1412983673 - 9781412983679 - 0761928634 - 9780761928638 ; , s. 101-116
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A manager is an actor who acts to control and influence the actions of others to obtain certain ends. Managers are assumed to base their actions on their often implicit conceptions of how their world hangs together and about information regarding the situation in which they are acting. A management scientist or researcher is an actor who produces explicit theories and models explaining how the world of managers hangs together. To be valid, scientific models have to be justifiable in terms of known facts. Therefore, an important part of the actions of management researchers is to make investigations to find empirical evidence. We hold that managers can develop the capability to act more effectively by using explicit models of how things hang together as a basis for their actions. For an explicit model to be a basis for action, it has to be internalized, understood, and accepted by the manager. Models that are explicit, internalized, understood, and accepted by the manager we call actionable knowledge in this chapter (Babüroglo & Ravn, 1992).
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