| 1. |
- Ahlin, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Cyclin A is a proliferative marker with good prognostic value in node-negative breast cancer
- 2009
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In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 18:9, s. 2501-2506
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Proliferative markers are not recommended as prognostic factors for clinical use in breast cancer due to lack of standardization in methodology. However, proliferation is driving several gene expression signatures emphasizing the need for a reliable proliferative marker IF or clinical use. Studies suggest that cyclin A is a prognostic marker with satisfying reproducibility. We investigated cyclin A as a prognostic marker in node-negative breast cancer using previously defined cutoff values. Patients and Methods: In a case-control study, we defined 190 women who died from breast cancer as cases and 190 women alive at the time for the corresponding case's death as controls. Inclusion criteria were tumor size <= 50 mm, no lymph node metastases and no adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor tissues were immunostained for cyclin A using commercially available antibodies. Results: We found a statistically significant association between expression of cyclin A and breast cancer death in a univariate model: odds ratio for cyclin A(ave) 2.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-4.3] and cyclin A(max) 3.4 (CI, 2.1-5.5). Corresponding odds ratio for Ki67 were Ki67(ave) 1.9 (CI, 1.2-3.1) and Ki67(max) 1.7 (CI, 1.1-2.7) and for grade 3.1 (CI, 1.8-5.1). Cyclin A was strongly correlated to Ki67 and grade why a model including all was not appropriate. Conclusions: Cyclin A is a prognostic factor for breast cancer death in node-negative patients using standardized methodology regarding scoring and cutoff values. Adding cyclin A as a proliferative marker to established clinicopathologic factors will improve the separation of low and high risk breast cancer.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Molecular subtyping of male breast cancer using alternative definitions and its prognostic impact
- 2013
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 52:1, s. 102-109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease and there is limited information on the prognostic impact of routinely used clinicopathological parameters. Material and methods. In a retrospective setting, we reviewed 197 MBC patients with accessible paraffin-embedded tumor tissue and clinicopathological data. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings were performed on tissue microarrays and histological grading on conventional slides. Cox proportional regression models were applied for uni- and multivariate analyses using breast cancer death as the event. Results. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor positivity were demonstrated in 93% and 77% of patients, respectively. Nottingham histologic grade (NHG) III was seen in 41% and HER2 positivity in 11%. Classification into molecular subtypes using IHC markers according to three alternative definitions revealed luminal A and luminal B in 81% vs. 11%; 48% vs. 44% and 41% vs. 42% of cases. Two cases of basal-like were identified, but no cases of HER2-like. Factors associated with an increased risk of breast cancer death were node positivity (HR 4.5; 95% CI 1.8-11.1), tumor size andgt;20 mm (HR 3.3; 95% CI 1.4-7.9) and ER negativity (HR 10.9; 95% CI 3.2-37.9). No difference in breast cancer death between the luminal subgroups was demonstrated, regardless of definition. Conclusion. MBC tumors were more often of high grade, whereas HER2 overexpression was as frequent as in FBC. Lymph nodes, tumor size and ER status were independent predictors of breast cancer death. The prognostic impact of molecular subtyping in MBC seems to differ from that previously established in FBC.
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| 3. |
- Ahlin, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Aberrant expression of cyclin E in low-risk node negative breast cancer
- 2008
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 47:8, s. 1539-1545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Cyclin E is a cell cycle regulatory protein which occurs in G1, peaks in late G1 and is degraded in early S-phase. Cyclin E overexpression appears to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in breast cancer. Material and Methods. Nuclear cyclin A is a reliable marker for S-and G2-phases. Consequently, aberrant expression of cyclin E can be detected by simultaneous immunostainings for cyclin A and cyclin E. Studies have shown that aberrant cyclin E might provide additional prognostic information compared to that of cyclin E alone. This study aimed to investigate cyclin E and aberrant cyclin E expression in low-risk node negative breast cancer. We compared women that died from their breast cancer (n=17) with women free from relapse>8 years after initial diagnosis (n=24). All women had stage I, low risk breast cancer. The groups were matched regarding tumour size, receptor status, adjuvant chemotherapy and tumour differentiation. Tumour samples were analysed regarding expression of cyclin A, cyclin E and double-stained tumour cells using immunoflourescence staining and digital microscopy. Results. No differences were seen regarding expression of cyclin E or aberrant cyclin E in cases compared to controls. Discussion. We conclude that neither cyclin E nor aberrant cyclin E is a prognostic factor in low-risk node negative breast cancer patients.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Impact of harvest intensity on long-term base cation budgets in Swedish forest soils
- 2007
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In: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-2940 .- 1567-7230. ; 7:1, s. 201-210
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThe effects of harvesting on the long-term mass balances of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) were evaluated on a regional level in Sweden. A new high-resolution weathering database was used together with estimates of total deposition, losses through harvest and leaching. Estimates were made for pine and spruce separately and for two harvesting intensity scenarios: stem harvesting and whole-tree harvesting. The mass balance calculations showed net losses of Ca and Mg in almost the whole country for both scenarios. The losses were smaller for pine than for spruce. The K balances were mainly positive for pine but negative for spruce. Leaching was a main factor in the mass balances, especially for Ca and Mg. Whole-tree harvesting in spruce forests led to substantially higher net losses of K and Ca than stem harvesting, according to the calculations. In the whole-tree harvesting scenario in spruce forests the estimated yearly net losses of Ca, Mg and K corresponded to at least 5%, 8% and 3% of the pools of exchangeable base cations, respectively, at 25% of the analysed sites. If losses of this magnitude continue the depletion of the pools of Ca, Mg and K may lead to very low base saturation of the soils, possibly accompanied by negative effects on soil fertility, runoff water quality, tree vitality and tree growth within a forest rotation in parts of Sweden. Avoiding whole-tree harvesting can improve the situation substantially for K, but the losses of Ca and Mg will still be significant.
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| 6. |
- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Relations between elemental content in till, mineralogy of till and bedrock mineralogy in the province of Småland, southern Sweden
- 2006
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In: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061. ; 136:3-4, s. 643-659
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information on soil mineralogy is essential for weathering rate calculations. Quantitative mineralogical analyses are expensive and time-consuming, and thus indirect methods of determining the mineralogical composition are important, for example estimating the composition based on the elemental content in till (total concentrations), or based on information about the underlying bedrock. The mineralogical composition and the elemental content in till were analysed in two areas in southern Sweden, at 10 sites in each area. There were significant differences between the areas regarding both elemental content and optically determined mineralogy. The content of calcium was significantly higher in one area, 5ESV, and there were tendencies in this direction also for magnesium and iron. The potassium content was significantly higher in the other area, 6FNV. The variation in soil chemistry between the areas can be explained by higher contents of the minerals biotite, homblende and epidote in the first area (5ESV) and higher contents of K-feldspar in the second (6FNV). Normative mineralogy was determined based on the elemental content. A comparison between the normative mineralogy and the optically determined mineralogy showed great similarities which indicates that there is good potential for using elemental content for estimating the mineralogical composition. The difference in till composition between the areas could not be explained by the underlying bedrock, which indicates that the information available on the bedrock is not sufficient for estimation of the till mineralogical composition.
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| 7. |
- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Scaling and Mapping Regional Calculations of Soil Chemical Weathering Rates in Sweden
- 2004
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In: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus. - 1573-2940. ; 4:2-3, s. 671-681
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Weathering rates of base cations are crucial in critical load calculations and assessments of sustainable forestry. The weathering rate on a single site with detailed geological data can be modelled using the PROFILE model. For environmental assessments on a regional scale, the weathering rates for sites are scaled into regional maps. The step from sites to regional level requires focus on the spatial variation of weathering rates. In this paper, a method is presented by which weathering rates are calculated for 25589 Swedish sites with total elemental analysis for the soil. Based on a part of the results, a methodology for creating area covering maps by geostatistical analysis and kriging is described. A normative reconstruction model was used to transform total elemental analysis to mineralogy. Information from the Swedish Forest Inventory database and other databases were used to derive texture and other important information for the sites, e.g. climate, deposition and vegetation data. The calculated weathering rates show a regional pattern that indicates possibilities for interpolation of data in large parts of Sweden. Geostatistical analysis of an area in southern Sweden shows different properties for different base cations. Kriging was performed for potassium to demonstrate the method. It was concluded that different base cations and different regions have to be analysed separately, in order to optimise the kriging method.
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| 8. |
- Bazsefidpay, Nikoo, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Antibiotic prescription in bone augmentation and dental implant procedures : a multi-center study
- 2023
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In: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6831. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Adherence to antibiotic recommendations and safety aspects of restrictive use are important components when combating antibiotic resistance. The primary aim of this study was to assess the impact of national guidelines on antibiotic prescriptions for bone augmentation procedures among dentists working at three specialized clinics. The secondary aim was to assess the occurrence of postoperative infections.METHODS: Medical charts of 400 patients treated with bone augmentation were reviewed: 200 in the years 2010-2011 and 200 in 2014-2015. The Swedish national recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis were published in 2012.RESULTS: There was a wide variation in antibiotic regiments prescribed throughout the study. The number of patients treated with antibiotic prophylaxis in a single dose of 2 g amoxicillin, and treated as advocated in the national recommendations, was low and decreasing between the two time periods from 25% (n = 50/200) in 2010-2011 to 18.5% (n = 37/200) in 2014-2015. The number of patients not given any antibiotics either as a prophylactic single dose or during the postoperative phase increased (P < 0.001). The administration of a 3-7-days antibiotic prescription increased significantly from 25.5% in 2010-2011 to 35% in 2014-2015. The postoperative infection rates (4.5% and 6.5%) were without difference between the studied periods. Smoking and omitted antibiotic prophylaxis significantly increased the risk of postoperative infection. Logistic regression analyses showed that patient male gender and suffering from a disease were predictive factors for the clinician to adhere to the guidelines.CONCLUSIONS: After introduction of national recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis before bone augmentation procedures, the patient group receiving a single preoperative dose decreased while the group not given antibiotic prophylaxis increased. There was no difference in occurrence of postoperative infections between the two time periods. The results indicate a need for educational efforts and strategies for implementation of antibiotic prudence and awareness among surgeons performing bone augmentation procedures.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bergvall, Anders, 1981, et al.
(author)
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Basic Theory of Electron Transport Through Molecular Contacts
- 2016
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In: Handbook of Single-Molecule Electronics. - 9789814463393 ; , s. 31-78
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter, we will introduce a basic theoretical description of coherent electron transport through low-dimensional junctions and molecular devices. The description introduced is based on quantum transport theory using a tight-binding description of molecules and lead materials. We apply this theory in a few worked examples on junctions based on graphene and carbon nanotubes and on molecular-superconducting hybrid junctions.
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