| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(author)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 2. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(author)
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No particle mass enhancement from induced atmospheric ageing at a rural site in northern Europe
- 2019
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In: Atmosphere. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4433. ; 10:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A large portion of atmospheric aerosol particles consists of secondary material produced by oxidation reactions. The relative importance of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can increase with improved emission regulations. A relatively simple way to study potential particle formation in the atmosphere is by using oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) which simulate atmospheric ageing. Here we report on the first ambient OFR ageing experiment in Europe, coupled with scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and proton transfer reaction (PTR)-MS measurements. We found that the simulated ageing did not produce any measurable increases in particle mass or number concentrations during the two months of the campaign due to low concentrations of precursors. Losses in the reactor increased with hydroxyl radical (OH) exposure and with increasing difference between ambient and reactor temperatures, indicating fragmentation and evaporation of semivolatile material.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Ulf, 1974-
(author)
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Temporality and the Semantics of the Biblical Hebrew Verbal System
- 2014
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation investigates the semantic factors behind the temporal meanings of the Biblical Hebrew (BH) verbal forms. Four different forms are studied, viz. qotel, yiqtol-L, qatal, and yiqtol-S. On the basis of comparative and historical linguistic studies, qotel and yiqtol-L are classified as originally progressive forms, whereas qatal and yiqtol-S are classified as originally resultative ones. Since there is a tendency in BH to use the progressive subgroup for future meaning and the resultative subgroup for past meaning, a key to understanding how temporality is expressed in this language is to understand the meaning of the progressive and the resultative verbal types.In critical dialogue with modern typological linguistic research, a unified theory of aspect and tense is developed. The theory defines the meanings of the progressive and resultative verbal types in terms of a distinct kind of aspect, called “stage-based aspect”, and describes how tense meanings arise through reanalysis of these aspectual meanings, a process called temporalization. It is argued that progressive aspect is a basic meaning in qotel and yiqtol-L, and that resultative aspect is basic in qatal and yiqtol-S in its so-called “consecutive” form, wayyiqtol. The study investigates various verbal usages, showing where the stage-aspectual meanings are invariant and where they have been overturned as a consequence of temporalization.Another major question concerns the semantic difference between the forms with shared aspectual meanings. On the basis of the semiotic theories of Bühler and others, it is suggested that yiqtol-L and yiqtol-S (here: yiqtol) are distinguished from qotel and qatal with regard to their appeal function. Full appeal function characterizes utterances that prompt the listener to immediate action. Verbal forms available for this function in BH are qatal and qotel, as well as the imperative. By contrast, the appeal to action in utterances employing yiqtol is invariably non-existent, or mitigated. Hence, reduced appeal function is a semantic feature of yiqtol. This feature may explain why temporalized meanings are especially favoured by yiqtol, since non-present meaning is one among several factors that reduce the appeal function of an utterance.
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| 4. |
- Bergvall, Nils, et al.
(author)
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Local starburst galaxies and their descendants Statistics from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
- 2016
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 587
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims. Despite strong interest in the starburst phenomenon in extragalactic astronomy, the concept remains ill-defined. Here we use a strict definition of starburst to examine the statistical properties of starburst galaxies in the local universe. We also seek to establish links between starburst galaxies, post-starburst (hereafter postburst) galaxies, and active galaxies.Methods. Data were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR7. We applied a novel method of treating dust attenuation and derive star formation rates, ages, and stellar masses assuming a two-component stellar population model. Dynamical masses are calculated from the width of the H alpha line. These masses agree excellently with the photometric masses. The mass (gas + stars) range is similar to 10(9)-10(11.5) M-circle dot. As a selection criterion for starburst galaxies, we use, the birthrate parameter, b = SFR/< SFR >, requiring that b >= 3. For postburst galaxies, we use, the equivalent width of H delta in absorption with the criterion EWH delta,abs >= 6 angstrom.Results. We find that only 1% of star-forming galaxies are starburst galaxies. They contribute 3 6% to the stellar production and are therefore unimportant for the local star formation activity. The median starburst age is 70 Myr roughly independent of mass, indicating that star formation is mainly regulated by local feedback processes. The b-parameter strongly depends on burst age. Values close to b = 60 are found at ages similar to 10 Myr, while almost no starbursts are found at ages >1 Gyr. The median baryonic burst mass fraction of sub-L* galaxies is 5% and decreases slowly towards high masses. The median mass fraction of the recent burst in the postburst sample is 5-10%. A smaller fraction of the postburst galaxies, however, originates in non-bursting galaxies. The age-mass distribution of the postburst progenitors (with mass fractions >3%) is bimodal with a break at log M (M-circle dot) similar to 10.6, above which the ages are doubled. The starburst and postburst luminosity functions (LFs) follow each other closely until M-r similar to -21, when active galactic nuclei (AGNs) begin to dominate. The postburst LF continues to follow the AGN LF, while starbursts become less significant. This suggests that the number of luminous starbursts is underestimated by about one dex at high luminosities, because of having large amounts of dust and/or being outshone by an AGN. It also indicates that the starburst phase preceded the AGN phase. Finally, we look at the conditions for global gas outflow caused by stellar feedback and find that massive starburst galaxies are susceptible to such outflows.
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| 5. |
- Borg, Christel, et al.
(author)
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Life satisfaction in 6 European Countries : The Relationship to health, Self-Esteem, and Social and Financial Resources among People (Aged 65-89) with Reduced Functional Capacity
- 2008
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In: Geriatric Nursing. - New York : Mosby. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984. ; 29:1, s. 48-57
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate how overall health, participation in physical activities, self-esteem and social and financial resources are related to life satisfaction among people (65+) with reduced Activities of Daily Living (ADL) capacity in six European countries. A subsample of the European Study of Adults’ Well-Being (ESAW), consisting of 2195 people with reduced ADL capacity from Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Austria, and Italy, was included. The Older Americans’ Resources Schedule (OARS), the Life Satisfaction Index Z, and the Self-esteem scale were used. In all national samples, overall health, self-esteem and feeling worried, rather than ADL capacity, were significantly associated with life satisfaction. The findings indicate the importance of not only taking the reduction in functional capacity into account, but also the individual’s perception of health and self-esteem, when outlining health care and nursing aimed at improving life satisfaction. The study thus suggests that personal, rather than environmental, factors are important for life satisfaction among people with reduced ADL capacity living in Europe.
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| 6. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, Docent, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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ADL capacity and feeling hindered by health problems at 60 years and above
- 2006
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In: GERIATRICS 2006 International Congress Of Elderly Health. - Istanbul, Turkey.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A common consequence of health problems such as diseases is a reduced ability to manage activities in daily living (ADL). Despite ADL capacity is frequently used to identify the impact of health problems on daily living it is still not well known what make people feel hindered in daily life with more or less inability to perform ADL. Such knowledge about feeling hindered by health problems can be useful when planning for interventions in an early stage already when people, regarding to ADL-rating scales have modest impaired ability to perform ADL or even not captured by ADL-scales. The aim of this study was to investigate feeling hindered by health problems among people (n=958) age 60-96 years living in ordinary home in relation to ADL capacity, health problems as well as social and financial resources, sense of coherence and life satisfaction. The data is taken from a questionnaire and a medical examination which were carried out in a baseline survey in one of the four including centres (Blekinge) of the longitudinal multi-centre cohort study The Swedish National study on Ageing and Care (SNAC) (Lagergren et al., 2004). Data indicated that people feel hindered by their health problems before they became impaired in ADL capacity. Feeling greatly hindered by health problems was mainly associated with factors linked to the person’s musculoskeletal system but also to fatigue as well as avoiding being outdoors afraid to fall and had a varying association with feeling hindered in various levels of ADL capacity. The broader question about feeling hindered by health problems used in this study might be an early marker of the impact of functional limitations in daily activities. Combining people’s ADL capacity with the question of feeling hindered may also be a more sensitive way to identify those in need of rehabilitation or other interventions, especially at early stages of health decline compared to investigate ADL capacity solely.
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| 7. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Determinants of Feeling Hindered by Health Problems in Daily Living at 60 Years and Above
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 22:3, s. 410-421
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) is frequently used to identify the impact on daily living caused by health problems such as diseases, impaired eyesight or hearing, it is still not well known what makes people feel hindered in daily living with more or less inability to perform ADL. The aim of this study was to investigate feeling hindered by health problems in daily living among people (n = 958, 60-96 years) in relation to ADL capacity, health problems as well as social and financial resources, sense of coherence and life satisfaction. The data are taken from a baseline survey in one of the four included centres (Blekinge) of the longitudinal multicentre cohort study, The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. The result showed that people felt hindered by their health problems despite no impairment in ADL capacity. Feeling greatly hindered by health problems was associated with factors linked to mobility but also to fatigue, no help when needed, and avoiding being outdoors due to fear of falling. Factors associated with feeling greatly hindered differed depending on whether people were impaired in ADL capacity or not. In people with excellent ADL capacity feeling hindered was associated with picking up things from the floor and rising from a chair and fatigue, whereas avoiding being outdoors, no help when needed and rising from a chair were found to be associated with feeling hindered by health problems among people with impaired ADL capacity. Combining people's ADL capacity with questions about feeling hindered may provide knowledge of determinant factors of feeling hindered in relation to ADL capacity, impaired or not, to identify people in need of rehabilitation or other interventions.
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| 8. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Feeling hindered by health problems and functional capacity at 60 years and above
- 2007
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In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 44:2, s. 181-201
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is common to use activities of daily living (ADL) rating scales to identify the impact of health problems such as diseases, impaired eyesight or hearing on daily life. However, for various reasons people with health problems might feel hindered in daily life before limitations in ability to perform ADL have occurred. In addition, there is sparse knowledge of what makes people feel hindered by health problems in relation to their ADL capacity. The aim was to investigate feeling hindered by health problems among 1297 people aged 60–89 living at home in relation to ADL capacity, health problems, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and social and financial resources, using a self-reported questionnaire, including questions from OARS (Older Americans’ Resources and Services schedule), Rosenberg’s self-esteem and Life Satisfaction Index Z. People feeling greatly hindered by health problems rarely had anyone who could help when they needed support, had lower life satisfaction and self-esteem than those not feeling hindered. Feeling hindered by health problems appeared to take on a different meaning depending on ADL capacity, knowledge that seems essential to include when accomplishing health promotion and rehabilitation interventions, especially at the early stages of reduced ADL capacity.
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| 9. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Feeling hindered by health problems in relation to ADL capacity at 60 years and above
- 2005
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Health problems as impaired mobility, eyesight or hearing problems in old age are often associated with reduced ADL (activities of daily living) capacity and as a result people may give up activities that contribute to well-being. However, the knowledge is sparse about the relation between feeling hindered by health problems in relation to ADL capacity, decreased or not. Such knowledge may be useful when outlining interventions to people already when people have no or modest impaired ability to perform ADL. Such information can not be captured through ADL-scales but by an overarching question about feeling hindered in daily living by health problems. Purpose: This study presents data on people’s (n=1524) 60-89 years feeling hindered by health problems in relation to their ability to perform ADL, health problems, social and financial resources, self-esteem and life satisfaction. Method: OARS (Older Americans Resources and Services schedule), Rosenberg’s self-esteem and Life Satisfaction Index Z. Results: People who felt greatly hindered by health problems had rarely someone who could help them when needing support, had lower life satisfaction and self-esteem compared to those not. Different factors were associated with feeling greatly hindered by health problems at different levels of ADL ability. Conclusions: Data from this study suggest that feeling hindered in daily living takes on a different meaning depending on functional capacity and thus preventive and visiting work should start early and be outlined differently depending on their ADL capacity. Also such an overarching question may be useful in detecting those in need of interventions.
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| 10. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Life satisfaction and associated factors among people aged 60 years and above in six European countries
- 2007
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In: Applied Research in Quality of Life. - : Springer. - 1871-2584 .- 1871-2576. ; 2, s. 33-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Life satisfaction is a concept frequently used to measure wellbeing of older people. However, there is still a lack of cross-national comparative research investigating factors associated with life satisfaction. There may be unique and common factors associated with life satisfaction across European countries. This study aimed to investigate life satisfaction among people aged 60–89 years in six European countries in relation to health problems, ADL capacity, self-esteem, social and financial resources. A cross-sectional study was performed, including 7699 people aged 60–89 years, in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, Austria and Italy, participating in the European Study of Adult Wellbeing, using questions from the Older Americans Resources and Services schedule, Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire, Life Satisfaction Index Z and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with life satisfaction in the six national samples. In cases where people were less satisfied with their life it was fairly satisfactory and unsatisfactory social contacts (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.5–13.8), poor financial resources (OR 1.7–15.1), feeling greatly hindered by health problems (OR 2.2–5.4) and self-esteem (OR 2.1–5.1) rather than the ability to perform activities of daily living and the extent of social contacts that gave the greatest risk of low life satisfaction in all the six European countries. There were both common and country-specific factors important for life satisfaction in the six European countries. However, the importance of satisfactory social contacts, financial resources, self-esteem and feeling hindered by health problems seems universal in the six included countries and thus important to target in preventive interventions.
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