| 1. |
- Allvin, Renée, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Confident but not theoretically grounded : experienced simulation educators’ perceptions of their own professional development
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Medical Education and Practice. - Macclesfield : DOVE Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-7258. ; :8, s. 99-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Medical simulation enables the design of learning activities for competency areas (eg, communication and leadership) identi ed as crucial for future health care professionals. Simulation educators and medical teachers follow different career paths, and their education backgrounds and teaching contexts may be very different in a simulation setting. Although they have a key role in facilitating learning, information on the continuing professional development (pedagogical development) of simulation educators is not available in the literature. Objectives: To explore changes in experienced simulation educators’ perceptions of their own teaching skills, practices, and understanding of teaching over time.Methods: A qualitative exploratory study. Fourteen experienced simulation educators partici- pated in individual open-ended interviews focusing on their development as simulation educators. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis. Results: Marked educator development was discerned over time, expressed mainly in an altered way of thinking and acting. Five themes were identi ed: shifting focus, from following to utilizing a structure, setting goals, application of technology, and alignment with profession. Being con dent in the role as an instructor seemed to constitute a foundation for the instructor’s pedagogical development.Conclusion: Experienced simulation educators’ pedagogical development was based on self- con dence in the educator role, and not on a deeper theoretical understanding of teaching and learning. This is the rst clue to gain increased understanding regarding educational level and possible education needs among simulation educators, and it might generate several lines of research for further studies.
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| 2. |
- Ekman, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Fusk hotar tilliten till blivande läkares professionalitet
- 2018
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; :115
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det är med stor sorg vi noterat att några studenter valt att fuska sig till en plats på läkarutbildningarna. Vi förväntar oss nu att Universitets- och högskolerådet skärper säkerheten vid högskoleprovet för att förhindra att fusket fortsätter och att utredningen om vilka som fuskat sig in på utbildningarna drivs vidare.
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| 3. |
- Heurlin, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Doped InP Core-Shell Nanowires Evaluated Using Hall Effect Measurements.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 14:2, s. 749-753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- InP core-shell nanowire pn-junctions doped with Zn and Sn have been investigated in terms of growth morphology and shell carrier concentration. The carrier concentrations were evaluated using spatially resolved Hall effect measurements and show improved homogeneity compared to previous investigations, attributed to the use of Sn as the n-type dopant. Anisotropies in the growth rate of different facets are found for different doping levels that in turn affects the migration of Sn and In on the nanowire surface. A route for increasing the In migration length to obtain a more homogeneous shell thickness is presented.
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| 4. |
- Jafari Jam, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Template-assisted vapour-liquid-solid growth of InP nanowires on (001) InP and Si substrates
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 12:2, s. 888-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the synthesis of vertical InP nanowire arrays on (001) InP and Si substrates using template-assisted vapour-liquid-solid growth. A thick silicon oxide layer was first deposited on the substrates. The samples were then patterned by electron beam lithography and deep dry etching through the oxide layer down to the substrate surface. Gold seed particles were subsequently deposited in the holes of the pattern by the use of pulse electrodeposition. The subsequent growth of nanowires by the vapour-liquid-solid method was guided towards the [001] direction by the patterned oxide template, and displayed a high growth yield with respect to the array of holes in the template. In order to confirm the versatility and robustness of the process, we have also demonstrated guided growth of InP nanowire p-n junctions and InP/InAs/InP nanowire heterostructures on (001) InP substrates. Our results show a promising route to monolithically integrate III-V nanowire heterostructure devices with commercially viable (001) silicon platforms.
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| 5. |
- Lindelöw, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Doping evaluation of InP nanowires for tandem junction solar cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 27:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to push the development of nanowire-based solar cells further using optimized nanowire diameter and pitch, a doping evaluation of the nanowire geometry is necessary. We report on a doping evaluation of n-type InP nanowires with diameters optimized for light absorption, grown by the use of metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy in particle-assisted growth mode using tetraethyltin (TESn) as the dopant precursor. The charge carrier concentration was evaluated using four-probe resistivity measurements and spatially resolved Hall measurements. In order to reach the highest possible nanowire doping level, we set the TESn molar fraction at a high constant value throughout growth and varied the trimethylindium (TMIn) molar fraction for different runs. Analysis shows that the charge carrier concentration in nanowires grown with the highest TMIn molar fraction (not leading to kinking nanowires) results in a low carrier concentration of approximately 10(16) cm(-3). By decreasing the molar fraction of TMIn, effectively increasing the IV/III ratio, the carrier concentration increases up to a level of about 10(19) cm(-3), where it seems to saturate. Axial carrier concentration gradients along the nanowires are found, which can be correlated to a combination of changes in the nanowire growth rate, measured in situ by optical reflectometry, and polytypism of the nanowires observed in transmission electron microscopy.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lindgren, David, et al.
(författare)
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Study of carrier concentration in single InP nanowires by luminescence and Hall measurements
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 26:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The free electron carrier concentrations in single InP core-shell nanowires are determined by micro-photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence (CL) and Hall effect measurements. The results from luminescence measurements were obtained by solving the Fermi-Dirac integral, as well as by analyzing the peak full width at half maximum (FWHM). Furthermore, the platform used for Hall effect measurements, combined with spot mode CL spectroscopy, is used to determine the carrier concentrations at specific positions along single nanowires. The results obtained via luminescence measurements provide an accurate and rapid feedback technique for the epitaxial development of doping incorporation in nanowires. The technique has been employed on several series of samples in which growth parameters, such as V/III-ratio, temperature and dopant flows, were investigated in an optimization procedure. The correlation between the Hall effect and luminescence measurements for extracting the carrier concentration of different samples were in excellent agreement.
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| 8. |
- Rodling Wahlström, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of prostacyclin on the early inflammatory response in patients with traumatic brain injury : a randomised clinical study
- 2014
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Ingår i: SpringerPlus. - : Springer. - 2193-1801. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: A prospective, randomised, double-blinded, clinical trial was performed at a level 1 trauma centre to determine if a prostacyclin analogue, epoprostenol (Flolan®), could attenuate systemic inflammatory response in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).SUBJECTS: 46 patients with severe TBI, randomised to epoprostenol (n = 23) or placebo (n = 23).TREATMENT: Epoprostenol, 0.5 ng · kg(-1) · min(-1), or placebo (saline) was given intravenously for 72 hours and then tapered off over the next 24 hours.METHODS: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels were measured over five days. Measurements were made at 24 h intervals ≤24 h after TBI to 97-120 h after TBI.RESULTS: A significantly lower CRP level was detected in the epoprostenol group compared to the placebo group within 73-96 h (p = 0.04) and within 97-120 h (p = 0.008) after trauma. IL-6 within 73-96 h after TBI was significantly lower in the epoprostenol group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.04). ADMA was significantly increased within 49-72 h and remained elevated, but there was no effect of epoprostenol on ADMA levels. No significant differences between the epoprostenol and placebo groups were detected for IL-8 or sICAM-1.CONCLUSIONS: Administration of the prostacyclin analogue epoprostenol significantly decreased CRP and, to some extent, IL-6 levels in patients with severe TBI compared to placebo. These findings indicate an interesting option for treatment of TBI and warrants future larger studies.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT01363583.
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| 9. |
- Rodling Wahlström, Marie, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Subarachnoid haemorrhage induces a long-lasting increase of asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA, in serum
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and Purpose: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production and thus induces vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction. ADMA might therefore be involved in the cerebral vasospasm and cardiovascular complications observed after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ADMA was increased in subjects during the acute phase (first week) and non-acute phase (three months later) after SAH.Methods: Prospective clinical study of 20 subjects with SAH. ADMA in serum (ADMA/s) at admission was compared to sex and age matched controls. ADMA/s and ADMA in cerebrospinal fluid (ADMA/csf, from subjects with ventriculostomy) were determined by HPLC-based separation and detection.Results: There was no significant difference in ADMA/s the day after SAH (day 2) between SAH subjects and controls (0.22±0.10 vs. 0.25±0.12 µmol/L). ADMA/s increased by 68% during the first week after SAH (day 2; 0.22±0.10 vs. day 7; 0.37±0.34 µmol/L, p<0.05) and remained elevated at a three-month follow-up (0.36±0.10 µmol/L). ADMA/csf was significantly lower than ADMA/s throughout the study period.Conclusion; ADMA/s in SAH subjects increased significantly during the first week after SAH and remained elevated at a three-month follow-up. This might indicate that reduction of the available NO is involved in long-term effects after SAH.
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| 10. |
- Rodling Wahlström, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Subarachnoid haemorrhage induces an inflammatory response followed by a delayed persisting increase in asymmetric dimethylarginine
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 72:6, s. 484-489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Object: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is associated with an inflammatory systemic response and cardiovascular complications. Asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, mediates vasoconstriction and might contribute to cerebral vasoconstriction and cardiovascular complications after SAH. ADMA is also involved in inflammation and induces endothelial dysfunction.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how CRP (marker for systemic inflammation) and ADMA increased in patients during the acute phase (first week) after SAH. The ADMA level was also assessed in the patients in a non-acute phase (three months), and in healthy controls.Methods: Prospective study of 20 patients with aneurysmal SAH. ADMA and CRP were followed daily during the first week after SAH and a follow up sample for ADMA was obtained three months later. A single blood sample for ADMA was collected from age and sex matched healthy controls (n=40, 2 for each case).Results: CRP increased significantly from day 2; 16 (Confidence interval (CI) 10-23) mg/L to day 4; 84 (CI 47-120) mg/L, (p<0.01). ADMA increased significantly from day 2; 0.22 (CI 0.17-0.27) µmol/L, to day 7; 0.37 (CI 0.21-0.54) µmol/L, p<0.01. ADMA remained elevated at a three-month follow-up 0.36 (CI 0.31-0.42) µmol/L.ADMA in the first sample from the patients (day 1-3); 0.25 (CI 0.19-0.30) µmol/L, was not different from ADMA in matched healthy controls; 0.25 (CI 0.20-0.31), p>0.05.Conclusion: After SAH, CRP and ADMA in serum increased significantly during the first week and ADMA remained elevated three months later.
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