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- Chamorro, Clara Ibel, et al.
(author)
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Exploring the Concept of In Vivo Guided Tissue Engineering by a Single-Stage Surgical Procedure in a Rodent Model
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 23:20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In severe malformations with a lack of native tissues, treatment options are limited. We aimed at expanding tissue in vivo using the body as a bioreactor and developing a sustainable single-staged procedure for autologous tissue reconstruction in malformation surgery. Autologous micro-epithelium from skin was integrated with plastically compressed collagen and a degradable knitted fabric mesh. Sixty-three scaffolds were implanted in nine rats for histological and mechanical analyses, up to 4 weeks after transplantation. Tissue integration, cell expansion, proliferation, inflammation, strength, and elasticity were evaluated over time in vivo and validated in vitro in a bladder wound healing model. After 5 days in vivo, we observed keratinocyte proliferation on top of the transplant, remodeling of the collagen, and neovascularization within the transplant. At 4 weeks, all transplants were fully integrated with the surrounding tissue. Tensile strength and elasticity were retained during the whole study period. In the in vitro models, a multilayered epithelium covered the defect after 4 weeks. Autologous micro-epithelial transplants allowed for cell expansion and reorganization in vivo without conventional pre-operative in vitro cell propagation. The method was easy to perform and did not require handling outside the operating theater.
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| 4. |
- Huo, Jinxing, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Analytical Study of Stress Distributions around Screws in Flat Mandibular Bone under In-Plane Loading
- 2023
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In: Bioengineering. - : MDPI AG. - 2306-5354. ; 10:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A known complication for mechanically loaded bone implants is the instability due to screw loosening, resulting in infection and the non-union of fractures. To investigate and eventually prevent such bone degradation, it is useful to know the stress state in the bone around the screw. Considering only in-plane loadings and simplifying the mandibular bone into an orthotropic laminated plate, the analysis was reduced to a two-dimensional pin-loaded plate problem. An analytic model, based on the complex stress analysis, was introduced to the bone biomechanics field to obtain the stress distributions around the screw hole in the bone. The dimensionless normalized stresses were found to be relatively insensitive to the locations of the screw hole over the mandible. Parametric analyses were carried out regarding the friction coefficient and load direction. It was found that the load direction had a negligible influence. On the contrary, the friction coefficient had a significant effect on the stress distributions. Whether the screw was well bonded or not thus played an important role. The proposed analytic model could potentially be used to study bone failure together with stress-based failure criteria.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Huo, Jinxing, 1987-
(author)
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Biomechanical Analysis of Stress and Stiffness of New Load-Bearing Implants
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Medical implants are essential products for saving lives and improving life quality. Nowadays, the demand for implants, especially biocompatible and personalized ones, is increasing rapidly to deal with factors like congenital malformations, aging, and increasing prevalence of cancer. To facilitate their clinical applications, better understanding of their biomechanical properties is important. This thesis focuses on tubular and mandibular implants, and aims at studying stiffness properties and assessing stress distributions.Tubular implants with coupled helical-coil structure, which can be potentially used as tubular organ constructs, were manufactured by winding polycaprolactone filaments. Tensile and bending stiffnesses were evaluated through mechanical testing and finite element simulations. By increasing the number of helical coils, we could realize a new type of tubular implants which could be used in applications like trachea and urethra stents. Stiffness properties of such implants were investigated analytically, due to the geometrical periodicity. Through computational homogenization, the discrete mesh structures were converted to equivalent continua, whose structural properties were studied using composite beam theories. The numerical and analytical models developed can serve as tools for the mechanical design of implants.A patient-specific mandibular implant, additively manufactured of titanium alloys, failed shortly after surgery. The failure was studied using a numerical approach. Finite element models were generated from the 3D bone reconstructed from computed tomography data and implants processed by computational homogenization. The failure location and that of the numerically predicted largest von Mises stress agree well, which confirms the feasibility of using finite element simulations to quantitatively analyze implant failures and assist in implants design.For implant failures caused by local bone loss, analytical studies were also carried out to assess the stress distribution around screw-loaded holes in bones. The mandibular bone was treated as a laminate of which elastic properties were obtained by classical laminate theory. The stress profiles were predicted using a complex stress function method. The loading direction was found to have a minor influence on the stress distributions, while the friction coefficient has non-negligible influence. The stress state can serve as starting point to predict bone remodeling and be compared with criteria for bone strength.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Huo, Jinxing, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Elastic properties of rhombic mesh structures based on computational homogenisation
- 2018
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In: Engineering structures. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0141-0296 .- 1873-7323. ; 172, s. 66-75
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Flat mesh structures are used in a wide variety of applications. In particular, meshes with a rhombic unit cell are frequently employed due to their simplicity and relative ease of manufacture. This paper studies the in-plane elastic properties of such a structure as a function of the geometrical parameters by means of homogenisation techniques. We compare predicted elastic in-plane properties (i) including only bending mode of the struts, cf. Gibson-Ashby model, (ii) including both bending and stretching modes of the struts, obtained by homogenisation using beam elements and (iii) by homogenisation using beam-spring elements accounting additionally for strut joint deformation, and (iv) numerical results of elastic properties obtained by homogenisation using solid elements. The expressions of the predicted elastic properties are presented in analytical form. The homogenised elastic properties accounting for both bending and stretching matches very well with those from the model including only bending. The axial deformation of struts thus has negligible impact on the overall elastic behaviour. The complex deformation in the strut joint was also captured in the homogenised using beam-spring elements, and the results agree better with the solid element results. It is concluded that a finite-element-based homogenisation approach could serve as a straightforward analytical method to obtain elastic properties of mesh structures. This approach automatically includes all deformation mechanisms as opposed to the classical unit cell analyses of bending beams.
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| 9. |
- Huo, Jinxing, et al.
(author)
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Failure location predictoin by finite element analysis for an additive manufactured mandible implant
- 2015
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In: Medical Engineering and Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4533 .- 1873-4030. ; 37:9, s. 862-869
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to reconstruct a patient with a bone defect in the mandible, a porous scaffold attached to a plate, both in a titanium alloy, was designed and manufactured using additive manufacturing. Regrettably, the implant fractured in vivo several months after surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the failure of the implant and show a way of predicting the mechanical properties of the implant before surgery. All computed tomography data of the patient were preprocessed to remove metallic artefacts with metal deletion technique before mandible geometry reconstruction. The three-dimensional geometry of the patient's mandible was also reconstructed, and the implant was fixed to the bone model with screws in Mimics medical imaging software. A finite element model was established from the assembly of the mandible and the implant to study stresses developed during mastication. The stress distribution in the load-bearing plate was computed, and the location of main stress concentration in the plate was determined. Comparison between the fracture region and the location of the stress concentration shows that finite element analysis could serve as a tool for optimizing the design of mandible implants.
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