| 1. |
- Andersson, Per A., et al.
(author)
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Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies
- 2024
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Research. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(author)
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Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
- 2021
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In: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about peoples preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in peoples perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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| 3. |
- Sundh, Stellan, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Pre-service teachers' awareness raising of global issues in the english language classroom : case studies from Latvia and Sweden
- 2021
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In: ICERI2021 Proceedings. - : IATED. - 9788409345496
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Communication about educational issues has moved into engaging teachers and researchers to discuss international topics and global aspects of education in their classes.Topicality of the study: Research areas such as Global Education are since about 40 years back well established and imply that education at schools needs to take an interest in important and even crucial areas for a better world. International communication is then necessary. The means of communication and the world’s lingua franca has come to be English and therefore teachers need to include issues of Global education in their teaching. In order to be able to succeed in communication internationally, European citizens will need the language (e g vocabulary, communication skills) and self-confidence to discuss matters such as climate change, migration and poverty in English.The aim of the article: to reflect the attitude of future teachers towards global events in the world and how these issues are discussed with students in English lessons in Latvia and Sweden. The article will reflect the obtained data from the case study carried out over the same period in Sweden and Latvia.Research methodology: By the use of interviews with teacher students, analyses will be carried out to study their attitudes towards global issues in the English language classroom at the upper primary school level (children aged 10 to 12).Research findings: The results of the analysis of the data will provide information about similarities and discrepancies between teacher students from two highly different educational and cultural contexts in Europe. The findings will give a picture of teacher students’ views on issues that are central for international cooperation between Latvia and Sweden and thus suggest ways for working in a successful way with these results. The possible recommendations may be how to establish a common context with the similarities and how to work with challenges of the differences.
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