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- Bexelius, T., et al.
(author)
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Stress among medical students during clinical courses : a longitudinal study using contextual activity sampling system
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Medical Education. - : IJME. - 2042-6372. ; 10, s. 68-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate medical students’ experiences of stress and other emotions related to their professional roles, as defined by the CanMEDS framework, by using the Contextual Activity Sampling System (CASS).Methods: Ninety-eight medical students agreed to participate of whom 74 completed this longitudinal cohort study. Data was collected between 6th and 8th term via CASS methodology: A questionnaire was e-mailed to the participants every 3rd week (21questionnaires/measurements) during clinical rotations and scientific project work term. Emotions were measured by a 7-point Likert scale (e.g., maximum stress = 7). Answers were registered through mobile technology. We used a linear mixed-model regression approach to study the association between stress over time in relation to socio-demographic and learning activities related to CanMEDS roles.Results: Participants completed 1390 questionnaires. Mean stress level over all time points was 3.6. Stress was reported as highest during the scientific project term. Learning activities related to ‘Communicator,’ ‘Collaborator,’ ‘Scholar,’ ‘Manager’ and ‘Professional’ were associated with increased stress, e.g. ’Scholar’ increased stress with 0.5 points (t=3.91, p<0.001). A reduced level of stress was associated with ’Health Advocate’ of 0.39 points (t=-2.15, p=0.03). No association between perceived stress and demographic factors, such as gender or age was found.Conclusions: An association between different learning activities related to CanMEDS Roles and feelings of stress were noted. The CASS methodology was found to be useful when observing learning experiences and might support educational development by identifying course activities linked to stress.
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| 2. |
- Katawazai, Asmatullah, MD, PhD student, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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RISK OF VENTRAL HERNIAS IN RELATION TO PARITY IN WOMEN, A POPULATION-BASED STUDY
- 2024
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In: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 111:Suppl. 5
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction: The influence of pregnancy on the risk of ventral hernia recurrence is not known. This study aims to assess whether the frequency of pregnancies is associated with an elevated risk of developing ventral hernias.Method: This nationwide study cohort constitutes women borne 1950 – who were registered in the Swedish Birth Register (MBR). Data on pregnancies, distinguishing between vaginal and caesarian sections, were retrieved from the Birth Register. The cohort was cross-matched with the National Patient Register (NPR) to identify subsequent primary hernia repairs.Results: A total of 1,630,754 women born between 1950 and 1980 were included in the study. Among them, 1,588,609 (92.3%) were registered for at least one birth. The incidence rate for Umbilical Hernia Repair (UHR) and Epigastric Hernia Repair (EHR) was 13.21 per 100,000 person-years and 5.4 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. When compared with women registered for one delivery, the incidence rate ratio for UHR was 1.3 (95% CI: 1.26–1.33, P < 0.001) among thos eregistered for two deliveries and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.58–1.68, P < 0.001) among those registered for ≥3 deliveries.The incidence rate ratios were 1.29 (95% CI: 1.20–1.39, P < 0.001) and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.24–1.45, P < 0.001) for EHR among women with two and ≥3 registered deliveries, respectively.Conclusion: A history of more than one pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of umbilical and epigastric hernias.
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| 3. |
- Mikus, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Protein profiles in plasma : Development from infancy to 5 years of age
- 2021
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In: PROTEOMICS - Clinical Applications. - : Wiley. - 1862-8346 .- 1862-8354. ; 15:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Little is known about the longitudinal development of different plasma protein levels during early childhood and particularly in relation to lifestyle factors. This study aimed to monitor the plasma proteome early in life and the influence of different lifestyles. Experimental Design: A multiplex bead-based immunoassay was used to analyze plasma levels of 97 proteins in 280 blood samples longitudinally collected in children at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months of age living in families with an anthroposophic (n = 15), partly anthroposophic (n = 27), or non-anthroposophic (n = 28) lifestyle. Results: A total of 68 proteins (70%) showed significantly altered plasma levels between 6 months and 5 years of age. In lifestyle stratified analysis, 59 of 97 (61%) proteins were altered over time within one or more of the three lifestyle groups. Nearly half of these proteins (28 out of 59) changed irrespective of lifestyle. The temporal changes represented four longitudinal trends of the plasma proteins during development, also following stratification of lifestyle. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Our findings contribute to understand the development of the plasma proteome under the influence of lifestyle exposures in early childhood.
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| 4. |
- Nordberg, P, et al.
(author)
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The implementation of a dual dispatch system in out-of--hospital cardiac arrest is associated withimproved short and long term survival
- 2014
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In: European Heart Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 3:4, s. 293-303
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To determine the impact of a dual dispatch system, using fire fighters as first responders, in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) on short (30 days) and long term (three years) survival, and, to investigate the potential differences regarding in-hospital factors and interventions between the patient groups, such as the use of therapeutic hypothermia and cardiac catheterization. METHODS AND RESULTS: OHCAs from 2004 (historical controls) and 2006-2009 (intervention period) were included. During the intervention period, fire fighters equipped with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) were dispatched in suspected OHCA. Logistic regression analyses of outcome data included: the intervention with dual dispatch, sex, age, location, aetiology, witnessed status, bystander-cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first rhythm and therapeutic hypothermia. In total, 2581 OHCAs were included (historical controls n=620, intervention period n=1961). Fire fighters initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation and connected an AED before emergency medical services' arrival in 41% of the cases. The median time from dispatch to arrival of first responder or emergency medical services shortened from 7.7 in the control period to 6.7 min in the intervention period (p<0.001). The 30-day survival improved from 3.9% to 7.6% (p=0.001), adjusted odds ratio 2.8 (confidence interval 1.6-4.9). Survival to three years increased from 2.4% to 6.5% (p<0.001), adjusted odds ratio 3.8 (confidence interval 1.9-7.6). In the logistic regression analysis including in-hospital factors we found no outcome benefit of therapeutic hypothermia. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a dual dispatch system using fire fighters in OHCA was associated with increased 30-day and three-year survival. No major differences in the in-hospital treatment were seen between the studied patient groups.
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