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- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Value of statistical life and cause of accident: A choice experiment
- 2008
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to compare value of statistical life (VSL) estimates for traffic, drowning and fire accidents. Using a choice experiment in a mail survey of 5000 Swedish respondents we estimated the willingness to pay for risk reductions in the three accidents. In the experiment respondents were asked in a series of questions, whether they would choose risk reducing investments where type of accident, cost of the investment, the risk reduction acquired, and the baseline risk varied between questions. The VSLs for fire and drowning accidents were found to be about 1/3 lower than that for traffic accidents. Although respondents worry more about traffic accidents, this alone cannot explain the difference in VSL estimates. The difference between fire and drowning accidents was not found to be statistically significant.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Do administrators have the same priorities for risk reductions as the general public?
- 2012
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In: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0895-5646 .- 1573-0476. ; 45:1, s. 79-95
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A stated preference survey was used to investigate the potential discrepancy between the priorities of public administrators and the general public regarding risk reductions. Both groups of respondents were asked to assume the role of a public policy-maker and choose between different public safety projects. We investigate differences in three areas: (i) large vs. small accidents, (ii) actual vs. subjective risk, and (iii) the trade-off between avoiding fatalities and serious injuries for different age groups and accidents. We find only minor differences between the responses of administrators and the general public, the most important of which is the difference in priorities between reducing the risk of many small or one large accident. In this area the most common response from the general public is that they prefer avoiding many small accidents rather than one large accident while among the administrators there is almost an equal split between the two options.
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Do you do what you say or do you do what you say others do?
- 2008
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Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We design a donations vs. own money choice experiment comparing three differenttreatments. In two of the treatments the pay-offs are hypothetical. In the first of these, a shortcheap talk script was used, and subjects were required to state their own preferences in thisscenario. In the second, subjects were asked to state how they believed an average studentwould respond to the choices. In the third treatment the pay-offs were real, allowing us to usethe results to compare the validity of the two hypothetical treatments. We find a stronghypothetical bias in both hypothetical treatments where the marginal willingness to pay fordonations are higher when subjects state their own preferences but lower when subjects statewhat they believe are other students preferences. The explanation is probably a self-imageeffect in both cases. We find that it is mainly women who are prone to hypothetical bias inthis study
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| 6. |
- Grahn, Tonje, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Households (un)willingness to perform private flood risk reduction : Results from a Swedish survey
- 2019
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In: Safety Science. - : Elsevier. - 0925-7535 .- 1879-1042. ; 116, s. 127-136
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study applies the protection motivation theory (PMT) in analysing homeowners’ flood risk perception and their risk reduction behaviour. A survey was completed by 1143 households in flood-prone residential areas in Sweden. Respondents were asked about their flood experience, their beliefs about their future private flood risk, their trust in public risk reduction and their perception of how responsibility for flood risk reduction is divided between different governmental and private institutions. This study finds that homeowners that have implemented private flood risk reduction (FRR) had to a larger extent been exposed to floods in the past and they considered public FRR to be insufficient. They also had a greater sense of responsibility and believed they had considerable knowledge on how to reduce their private flood risk. Respondents were also asked about their preferences for performing 15 specific private risk reducing measures. The most frequent answer given by homeowners was (1) they do not have the knowledge needed to evaluate the measures. (2) They have evaluated the measures and deemed that the measures will not be able to effectively reduce their private flood risk. To facilitate and exploit the flood risk reduction potential of households, this study identifies the following four areas of flood risk management that need to be better communicated to residents in vulnerable residential areas: Objective flood risk, response efficacy regarding private and public FRR measures, skills that can increase homeowners’ self-efficacy, and the actual responsibility distribution by law concerning private property flood risk reduction.
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| 7. |
- Jaldell, Henrik, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Are national injury prevention and research efforts matching the distribution of injuries across sectors?
- 2015
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In: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 21:e1, s. e113-e115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2011, 88% of all unintentional injury fatalities occurred in home and leisure environments in Sweden, while transportation fatalities accounted for 10% and work/school injuries for 2%. The corresponding proportions among non-fatal injuries were 75, 12 and 13%, respectively. However, 83% of the national governmental expenditure on unintentional injury prevention in 2011 was allocated to transportation safety, 7% to home and leisure, and 10% to the work sector including schools. Likewise, around 85% of the governmental research budget aimed for unintentional injury research was allocated to the transportation sector, 9% to home and leisure environments, and 6% to the work and school sector. Our results reveal a striking lack of correspondence between problem profile and governmental countermeasures.
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| 9. |
- Jaldell, Henrik, 1968-
(author)
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Fire Safety Measures
- 2023
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In: Residential Fire Safety. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031063244 ; , s. 221-241
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ignoring costs when evaluating different measures is not a very rational way to deal with fire safety. Finding efficient measures to increase fire safety is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for choosing the relevant measure. The measure in question must also be economically efficient, that is, the benefits must outweigh the costs, both measured in monetary values. Cost-benefit analysis, CBA, is a method used to find out if that is true or not. This chapter describes what CBA is and how to use it for evaluating fire safety measures. The problem of choosing values for lives and injuries is discussed. The chapter also includes a short list of CBA results for residential fire safety measures. The main conclusion of the chapter is that more CBA studies evaluating fire safety measures should be done.
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| 10. |
- Jaldell, Henrik, 1968-
(author)
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Cost-benefit analysis of sprinklers in nursing homes for elderly
- 2013
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In: Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2194-5888 .- 2152-2812. ; 4:2, s. 209-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The risk of dying in fires in nursing homes is six times the risk of dying in fires at home in Sweden. One way to reduce this risk is to install fire sprinklers. This study measures the benefits using value of full lives, life years and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) for deaths and injuries. The results show that sprinklers are cost-effective in newly built nursing homes no matter what value of life is used. However, if sprinklers are installed in already existing buildings, they are cost-effective only if the value of a statistical life is used.
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