| 1. |
- Hillbertz, Nicolette Salmon, et al.
(author)
-
Viral and Molecular Aspects of Oral Cancer
- 2012
-
In: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:10, s. 4201-4212
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy in the oral cavity. SCCs and their variants constitute over 90% of oral malignancies, and the disease is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is a complex malignancy where environmental factors, virus infections, and genetic alterations most likely interact, and thus give rise to the malignant condition. Herein, we review the available literature regarding high-risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco usage; discuss the roles of human papillomaviruses (HPV), the Epstein-Barr virus, and the human herpes simplex virus (HSV); and evaluate several candidate genes associated with the condition: p53, p16(INK4) and p21(WAF1/CIP1) survivin, B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), keratins, Fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGF3), FGF4, FGF19, Oral cancer overexpressed gene 1 (ORAOV1), and Cyclin D1 (CCND1).
|
|
| 2. |
- Jalouli, Jamshid, et al.
(author)
-
Human Papilloma Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus and Epstein Barr Virus in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma from Eight Different Countries
- 2012
-
In: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:2, s. 571-580
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major health problem in many parts of the world, and the major causative agents are thought to he the use of alcohol and tobacco. Oncogenic viruses have also been suggested to be involved in OSCC development. This study investigated the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 155 OSCC from eight different countries from different ethnic groups, continents and with different socioeconomic backgrounds. 41 A total of OSCCs were diagnosed in the tongue (26%) and 23 in the floor of the mouth (15%); the other 91 OSCCs were diagnosed in other locations (59%). The patients were also investigated regarding the use of alcohol and smoking and smokeless tobacco habits. Tissue samples were obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the OSCC. DNA was extracted and the viral genome was examined by single, nested and seminested PCR assays. Sequencing of double-stranded DNA from the PCR product was carried out. Following sequencing of the HPV-, HSV- and EBV-positive PCR products, 100% homology between the sampels was found. Of all the 155 OSCCs examined, 85 (55%) were positive for EBV, 54 (35%) for HPV and 24 (15%) for HSV. The highest prevalence of HPV was seen in Sudan (65%), while HSV (55%) and EBV (80%) were most prevalent in the UK. In 34% (52/155) of all the samples examined, co-infection by two (46/155=30%) or three (6/155=4%) virus specimens was detected. The most frequent double infection was HPV with EBV in 21% (32/155) of all OSCCs. There was a statistically significant higher proportion of samples with HSV (p=0.026) and EBV (p=0.015) in industrialized countries (Sweden, Norway, UK and USA) as compared to developing countries (Sudan, India, Sri Lanka and Yemen). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant higher co-infection of HSV and EBV in samples from industrialized countries (p=0.00031). No firm conclusions could be drawn regarding the relationship between alcohol, tobacco and virus infections. The significance of our findings must be put in relation to other risk factors and these observations warrant further studies to determine the possible role of viral infections and co-infections with HPV, EBV and HSV as risk markers for the development of OSCC.
|
|
| 3. |
- Jalouli, Jamshid, et al.
(author)
-
Presence of human papilloma virus, herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus DNA in oral biopsies from Sudanese patients with regard to toombak use
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0904-2512 .- 1600-0714. ; 39:8, s. 599-604
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- J Oral Pathol Med (2010) Using PCR/DNA sequencing, we investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in brush biopsies obtained from 150 users of Sudanese snuff (toombak) and 25 non-users of toombak in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples obtained from 31 patients with oral dysplasias (25 toombak users and 6 non-users), and from 217 patients with oral cancers (145 toombak users and 72 non-users). In the brush tissue samples from toombak users, HPV was detected in 60 (40%), HSV in 44 (29%) and EBV in 97 (65%) of the samples. The corresponding figures for the 25 samples from non-users were 17 (68%) positive for HPV, 6 (24%) positive for HSV and 21 (84%) for EBV. The formalin-fixed samples with oral dysplasias were all negative for HPV. In the 145 oral cancer samples from toombak users, HPV was detected in 39 (27%), HSV in 15 (10%) and EBV in 53 (37%) of the samples. The corresponding figures for the samples from non-users were 15 (21%) positive for HPV, 5 (7%) for HSV and 16 (22%) for EBV. These findings illustrate that prevalence of HSV, HPV and EBV infections are common and may influence oral health and cancer development. It is not obvious that cancer risk is increased in infected toombak users. These observations warrant further studies involving toombak-associated oral lesions, to uncover the possible mechanisms of these viral infections in the development of oral cancer, and the influence of toombak on these viruses.
|
|
| 4. |
- Jalouli, Jamshid, et al.
(author)
-
Prevalence of viral (HPV, EBV, HSV) infections in oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer from India
- 2010
-
In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 130:11, s. 1306-1311
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of human papilloma viruses (HPV) in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and the etiologic implication of this finding warrants further studies. Objective: The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and OSMF is high in India, and the diseases are partly attributed to high consumption of betel quid containing areca nut and tobacco. This study investigated the prevalence of HPV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in two groups of patients using betel quid with tobacco, those with OSMF (n = 12) and those with OSCC (n = 62). Methods: DNA was extracted from all the samples and viral genome was examined by PCR/DNA sequencing. HPV-positive samples were analyzed separately for the high-risk types HPV 16 and 18. Results: HPV DNA, HSV DNA, and EBV DNA were detected in 11 (91%), 1 (8%), and 3 (25%) of the 12 samples from patients with OSMF compared with 15 (24%), 3 (5%), and 18 (29%), respectively, from 62 patients with OSCC. HPV 16 and 18 DNA was detected in 8/12 (67%) in the OSMF group and 10/62 (16%) in the OSCC group. The difference between presence of HPV DNA in OSMF and OSCC groups was statistically significant, while the difference between HSV and EBV DNA content in OSMF and OSCC groups was insignificant.
|
|
| 5. |
- Jalouli, Miranda, et al.
(author)
-
Comparison Between Single PCR and Nested PCR in Detection of Human Papilloma Viruses in Paraffin-embedded OSCC and Fresh Oral Mucosa
- 2015
-
In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 29:1, s. 65-70
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated as one of the risk factors for the development of oropharyngeal cancer. Many different HPV tests exist, and information regarding their specific technical, analytical, and clinical properties is increasing. Aim: This study aimed to compare the level of detection of HPV using two reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, nested PCR (NPCR) and single PCR (SPCR), in archival paraffin-embedded oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples and fresh oral mucosa specimens. Materials and Methods: The presence of HPV genome in two groups of tissue samples was analyzed: (i) 57 paraffin-embedded OSCC samples from Sudan and (ii) eight healthy fresh oral mucosal samples from Swedish volunteers. The specimens were tested by SPCR with primer pair MY9/MY11 and NPCR using GP5+/GP6+ primer sets. Results: Eighteen (32%) out of the 57 paraffin-embedded OSCC samples, and five (62%) out of the eight fresh clinically healthy samples were found to be HPV-positive with NPCR. With SPCR, four (7%) out of the paraffin-embedded OSCC samples were HPV-positive. A statistically significant difference between HPV-positive and -negative samples was found when comparing NPCR and SPCR in OSCC and fresh oral mucosa (p<0.0001). The comparative test between SPCR and NPCR showed 100% sensitivity and 69% specificity for OSCC. Conclusion: The use of the GP5+/GP6+ nested PCR increased the positivity rate, efficiency rate and sensitivity of HPV detection in oral samples significantly and should be considered as the method of choice.
|
|
| 6. |
- Jalouli, Miranda M, et al.
(author)
-
Association of Human Papilloma Virus infection in healthy oral mucosa, oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Oral Health and Dental Management. - 1583-5588. ; 14:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important risk factor for development of oral cancer; however, the integrational status of the virus into the host DNA association between HPV infection and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still uncertain has not been investigated to the same extent. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of consensus HPV, and HPV-16 and its integration status, in healthy oral mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), and OSCC samples.Materials and Methods: The study material consisted of 26 fresh, normal oral mucosa samples, and 53 and 27 paraffin-embedded OED and OSCC samples, respectively. The specimens were DNA extracted and investigated for the presence of HPV, and HPV-16 and its integration status, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.Results: Thirty-eight (72%) of the 53 paraffin-embedded OED samples, 16 (59%) of the 27 OSCC samples, and 12 (46%) of the 26 control samples were found to be HPV-DNA positive, with nested PCR (NPCR). Further, HPV-16 was detected in 31 (82%), 15 (94%), and 0 (0%) HPV-positive OED cases, HPV-positive OSCC cases, and controls, respectively. Integration was observed in 26/31 (84%) and 13/15 (87%) of the HPV-16-positive OED and OSCC cases, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found comparing prevalence of HPV-16 in controls with that in both OED and OSCC samples (P<0.005). A statistically significant difference was also found comparing prevalence of integrated and episomal viral forms comparing OED and OSCC samples (P<0.005).Conclusion: The high prevalence of HPV and high-risk HPV-16 in OED and OSCC samples suggests a potential aetiologic role for the virus in OSCC.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jalouli, Miranda M., et al.
(author)
-
Differential Expression of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Regulation and Intermediate Filament Genes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Associated with Toombak Use in Sudan
- 2011
-
In: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 31:10, s. 3345-3351
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previously we used microarray genomic hybridization technology to explore genome-wide profiles of chromosomal aberrations in samples of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and paired normal controls. Based on these findings, 9 genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and intermediate filament proteins were selected and their differential expression status was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in 26 samples of Sudanese OSCCs and their matched normal controls. The findings were correlated with the habit of toombak use. The mRNA levels of Bcl2, keratin 1, keratin 13 and p53 were significantly lower and the level of survivin was significantly higher in the OSCC samples of the toombak users compared to their paired control samples. A significant down-regulation in keratin I and keratin 13 expression levels was found in the OSCC samples of the non-toombak users compared to their normal control samples. The differential expression of genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and types I and II keratin could be useful diagnostic markers and provide valuable information for the understanding of oral malignancy in relation to toombak use.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jalouli, Miranda, et al.
(author)
-
Nested PCR for detection of HSV-1 in oral mucosa
- 2015
-
In: Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. - : Medicina Oral, S.L.. - 1698-4447 .- 1698-6946. ; 20:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © Medicina Oral S. L. Background: It has been estimated that 15%-20% of human tumours are driven by infection and inflammation, and viral infections play an important role in malignant transformation. The evidence that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) could be involved in the aetiology of oral cancer varies from weak to persuasive. This study aimed to investigate by nested PCR (NPCR) the prevalence of HSV-1 in samples from normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods: We investigated the prevalence of HSV-1 in biopsies obtained from 26 fresh, normal oral mucosa from healthy volunteers as well as 53 oral leukoplakia and 27 OSCC paraffin-embedded samples. DNA was extracted from the specimens and investigated for the presence of HSV-1 by nested polymerase chain reaction (NPCR) and DNA sequencing. Results: HSV-1 was detected in 14 (54%) of the healthy samples, in 19 (36%) of the oral leukoplakia samples, and in 14 (52%) of the OSCC samples. The differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We observed a high incidence of HSV-1 in healthy oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia, and OSCC tissues. Thus, no connection between OSCC development and presence of HSV-1 was detected.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sand, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
p53 Codon 72 polymorphism in oral exfoliated cells in a Sudanese population
- 2012
-
In: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 26:1, s. 59-62
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Earlier studies have investigated the tumor suppressor gene p53 as a co-factor in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Our previous studies have indicated that chronic use of Sudanese snuff (toombak) and the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) may be involved in the high prevalence of OSCC in Sudan. This study investigated the prevalence of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in brush biopsies obtained from a Sudanese population. A total of 174 individuals were included in the study; chronic toombak users (n=152) and non-users (n=22). DNA was extracted from all the samples and genotyped for the codon 72 polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism. The Arg/Pro genotype was found in 53% of the 174 study participants, compared to 21% found with Arg/Arg and 26% found with Pro/Pro. Stratifying by toombak use, 28 (18%), 45 (29%) and 79 (52%) of the 152 samples from toombak users had Arg/Arg, Pro/Pro and Arg/Pro respectively, compared to 9 (41%), 0 (0%) and 13 (59%) found in the 22 samples from non users. The differences between the samples from toombak users and non users in Arg/Arg and Pro/Pro codon 72 polymorphism and HPV infection were statistically significant (p<0.05). Our study indicated that a high prevalence of the genotype Arg/Pro at the p53 codon 72 may contribute to susceptibility to OSCC, especially in combination with the use of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA)-rich toombak. Our observations warrant an in-depth study for understanding the role of p53 polymorphism in human oral cancers.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
