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| 2. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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In: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 3. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
In: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 5. |
- Takman, Johanna, 1992-, et al.
(author)
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Biogas för tunga lastbilstransporter : barriärer och möjligheter
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I denna rapport presenterar vi en fördjupad studie av vilka barriärer och möjligheter som finns för biogas, och framförallt flytande biogas (LBG), för tunga lastbilar i större skala samt hur barriärerna övervinns och möjligheterna nyttjas. Studien identifierar även viktiga varuägare och andra intressenter i Sverige samt vilka krav och villkor dessa ställer för att våga investera i gastekniken. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar genomfördes en genomgång av litteraturen samt intervjuer och workshops med relevanta aktörer. Resultaten pekar på att biogasen är ett drivmedel som kan bidra till minskade koldioxidutsläpp. Vidare nämns även drivkrafter som energitrygghet och en cirkulär ekonomi. Att det nu har kommit nya tunga LBG-lastbilar på marknaden samt att nya styrmedel trätt i kraft ses också som drivkrafter. Avsaknaden av långsiktiga, stabila styrmedel och regelverk samt höga priser och kostnader för exempelvis produktion, fordon och gas angavs vara de största barriärerna. Ytterligare barriärer är exempelvis att det råder kunskapsbrist inom området samt att dagens förnybara drivmedel konkurrerar med varandra istället för att komplettera varandra.Det behövs en ökad långsiktighet i styrmedel som gynnar de mest hållbara förnybara bränslen som finns idag. Det behövs också att svenska styrmedel harmoniseras med styrmedel inom övriga EU på ett bättre sätt än de som funnits fram till idag. Det behövs även ökade möjligheter till stöd som exempelvis gynnar produktionen av biogas, investeringsstöd till de fordon som bäst gynnar att klimatoch andra miljömål nås, samt stöd som inkluderar andrahandsmarknaden för dessa fordon för att påverka marknaden mot en mer miljömässigt hållbar transportsektor. Det behövs informationsinsatser för att informera om biogas i förhållande till andra drivmedel för tunga lastbilar och information om att, samt var, dagens tankstationer för LBG finns. Även demonstrationsprojekt som visar fordonen ute på vägarna samt bidrar till infrastrukturutvecklingen skulle kunna hjälpa till att sprida kunskap och visa att tekniken fungerar och på så sätt utveckla marknaden för LBG.
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| 6. |
- Abelsson, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Patients with polycythemia vera have worst impairment of quality of life among patients with newly diagnosed myeloproliferative neoplasms
- 2013
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In: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 54:10, s. 2226-2230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quality of life (QoL) at the time of diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) has, to date, not been studied. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with MPN: 80 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 73 with polycythemia vera (PV), 22 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and four with MPN undifferentiated, were included in this study. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC-QLQC30) and the MPN-Symptom Assessment Form (MPN-SAF) were used to evaluate QoL. Fatigue was the most reported symptom in these patients. Patients with PV reported significantly higher mean scores for inactivity, dizziness, cough, itching, depression and lower total QoL compared to patients with ET. Patients with PV had significantly more headache and itching compared to patients with PMF. When the newly diagnosed patients with MPN were compared with a cohort of patients with MPN with mean disease duration of 7.8 years, the differences were most striking for patients with PMF, with significantly more fatigue, abdominal discomfort, concentration problems, insomnia, fever, weight loss and lower overall QoL developed over time.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Sarah, et al.
(author)
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Malmbanan Diaries
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This booklet is a report for a case study visit during four day field trip, a group of nine PhD students and their supervisors – all part of the National Research School for Architecture and Planning in the Urban Landscape, APULA – set out to explore what may be considered the outback of Western Europe’s conurbations, the transnational region of Kiruna -Narvik.Both “remote” and “resourceful”, “threatened” and “thriving” (equally relative notions), this region seemed to offer possibilities to reflect upon many of the current tendencies influencing contemporary planning practice and research.
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| 8. |
- Berglin, Ewa, MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(author)
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Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies predate symptom onset of ANCA-associated vasculitis : a case-control study
- 2021
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In: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : Elsevier. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies [ANCA) are important for diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV). The timing of antibody development is not well established. To investigate the development of proteinase 3 (PR3)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, blood samples collected before onset of symptoms of AAV were analysed.Methods: To identify AAV patients with blood samples predating symptoms, the National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were scrutinized for ICD codes for AAV and linked to the registers of five biobanks. Diagnoses of AAV and time point for symptom onset were confirmed by reviewing 504 case-record. Eighty-five AAV cases (34 males, 51 females) with samples >1 month < 10 years from AAV symptom onset and two controls matched for sex, age, and sampling time for each case were included. Samples were screened using ELISAs for ANCA and further analysed for PR3-or MPO- specificities.Results: In ANCA-screen 35.7% of the pre-symptomatic cases and 3.5% of controls tested positive (p < 0.01). 26.2% of the cases were PR3-ANCA+ and 10.7% MPO-ANCA+. Median (Q1-Q3) predating time for PR3-ANCA+ was 2.7 (0.3–7.7) years and MPO-ANCA+ 2.0 (0.9–3.5) years. PR3-ANCA was demonstrated in samples up to nine years before symptom onset. At symptom onset predating PR3-ANCA+ cases were younger than PR3-ANCA- (P < 0.01), and MPO-ANCA+ were older than MPO-ANCA- (p < 0.05). Predating MPO-ANCA+ cases vs. MPO-ANCA- and vs. PR3-ANCA+ cases had more often at symptoms onset manifestations from lungs, kidneys or peripheral nervous system (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: The PR3-and MPO-ANCAs are present years before AAV symptom onset and represent distinct diseases.
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| 9. |
- Bärnarp, Tora, et al.
(author)
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Skönhet hållbarhet funktion
- 2023
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna publikation redovisar studenternas enskilda arbeten. Materialet har tillkommit inom ramen för läsårets tema ”Skönhet, hållbarhet och funktion”, men varje studie utgår ifrån studenternas egna val av ämne.
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| 10. |
- Darwich, Adam S., et al.
(author)
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IMI - Oral biopharmaceutics tools project - Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 3 : Identifying gaps in system parameters by analysing In Silico performance across different compound classes
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 96, s. 626-642
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp (R) Simulator, and GastroPlus (TM)) were evaluated as part of the Innovative Medicine Initiative Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools project (OrBiTo) during a blinded "bottom-up" anticipation of human pharmacokinetics. After data analysis of the predicted vs. measured pharmacokinetics parameters, it was found that oral bioavailability (F-oral) was underpredicted for compounds with low permeability, suggesting improper estimates of intestinal surface area, colonic absorption and/or lack of intestinal transporter information. Foralwas also underpredicted for acidic compounds, suggesting overestimation of impact of ionisation on permeation, lack of information on intestinal transporters, or underestimation of solubilisation of weak acids due to less than optimal intestinal model pH settings or underestimation of bile micelle contribution. F-oral was overpredicted for weak bases, suggesting inadequate models for precipitation or lack of in vitro precipitation information to build informed models. Relative bioavailability was underpredicted for both high logP compounds as well as poorly water-soluble compounds, suggesting inadequate models for solubility/dissolution, underperforming bile enhancement models and/or lack of biorelevant solubility measurements. These results indicate areas for improvement in model software, modelling approaches, and generation of applicable input data. However, caution is required when interpreting the impact of drug-specific properties in this exercise, as the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, and the modellers generally used the data "as is" in this blinded bottom-up prediction approach.
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