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- Dahl, Oskar, et al.
(author)
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Understanding Association Between Logged Vehicle Data and Vehicle Marketing Parameters : Using Clustering and Rule-Based Machine Learning
- 2020
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In: Proceedings of the 2020 3rd International Conference on Information Management and Management Science, IMMS 2020. - New York : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450375467 ; , s. 13-22
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trucks are designed, configured and marketed for various working environments. There lies a concern whether trucks are used as intended by the manufacturer, as usage may impact the longevity, efficiency and productivity of the trucks. In this paper we propose a framework that aims to extract costumers' vehicle behaviours from Logged Vehicle Data (LVD) in order to evaluate whether they align with vehicle configurations, so-called Global Transport Application (GTA) parameters. Gaussian mixture model (GMM)s are employed to cluster and classify various vehicle behaviors from the LVD. Rule-based machine learning (RBML) was applied on the clusters to examine whether vehicle behaviors follow the GTA configuration. Particularly, we propose an approach based on studying associations that is able to extract insights on whether the trucks are used as intended. Experimental results shown that while for the vast majority of the trucks' behaviors seemingly follows their GTA configuration, there are also interesting outliers that warrant further analysis. © 2020 ACM.
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| 2. |
- Herdean, Andrei, 1984, et al.
(author)
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A voltage-dependent chloride channel fine-tunes photosynthesis in plants
- 2016
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7:artikel nr 11654
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- n natural habitats, plants frequently experience rapid changes in the intensity of sunlight. To cope with these changes and maximize growth, plants adjust photosynthetic light utilization in electron transport and photoprotective mechanisms. This involves a proton motive force (PMF) across the thylakoid membrane, postulated to be affected by unknown anion (Cl−) channels. Here we report that a bestrophin-like protein from Arabidopsis thaliana functions as a voltage-dependent Cl− channel in electrophysiological experiments. AtVCCN1 localizes to the thylakoid membrane, and fine-tunes PMF by anion influx into the lumen during illumination, adjusting electron transport and the photoprotective mechanisms. The activity of AtVCCN1 accelerates the activation of photoprotective mechanisms on sudden shifts to high light. Our results reveal that AtVCCN1, a member of a conserved anion channel family, acts as an early component in the rapid adjustment of photosynthesis in variable light environments.
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| 3. |
- Jacobson, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Hyperglycemia as a risk factor in pancreatic cancer : A nested case-control study using prediagnostic blood glucose levels
- 2021
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In: Pancreatology (Print). - : Elsevier. - 1424-3903 .- 1424-3911. ; 21:6, s. 1112-1118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer using systematically collected prediagnostic blood glucose samples.METHODS: Prospective nested case-control study of participants from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, including 182 cases that developed pancreatic cancer and four matched controls per case. Blood glucose levels collected up to 24 years before pancreatic cancer diagnosis were analyzed. The association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer risk was determined using unconditional and conditional logistic regression models. The association between fasting glucose and the time to pancreatic cancer diagnosis, tumor stage and survival was determined using likelihood-ratio test, t-test and log rank test.RESULTS: The unadjusted risk of developing pancreatic cancer increased with increasing fasting glucose levels (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05-1.60, P = .015). Impaired fasting glucose (≥6.1 mmol/L) was associated with an adjusted risk of 1.77 for developing pancreatic cancer (95% CI 1.05-2.99, P = .032). In subgroup analysis, fasting glucose levels were associated with an increased risk in never-smokers (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.26-12.77, P = .018) and non-diabetics (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.08-8.79, P = .035) (non-significant for interaction). The ratio between fasting glucose and BMI was higher among future pancreatic cancer patients and an increased ratio was associated with elevated risk of pancreatic cancer (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.04-2.66, P = .034). Fasting glucose levels were not associated with TNM stage at diagnosis or survival.CONCLUSIONS: High fasting glucose is associated with an increased risk of being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Elin, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Experiences, appearances, and interprofessional training: The instructional use of video in post-simulation debriefings
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1556-1607 .- 1556-1615. ; 12:1, s. 91-112
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2017 The Author(s)Through close analyses of the interaction that takes place between students and facilitators, this study investigates the instructional use of video in post-simulation debriefings. The empirical material consists of recordings of 40 debriefings that took place after simulation-based training scenarios in health care education. During the debriefings, short video-recorded sequences of the students’ collaboration in the scenarios were shown, after which the facilitators asked the students questions about the teamwork and their performance as displayed in these sequences. The aim of the study is to show: a) how the video is consequential for the ways in which the students talk about the teamwork and their own performance; b) how the facilitators’ questions guide the students’ contributions and collaborative sense making of prior events. Regularly, the facilitators’ questions were posed in terms of “seeing”. The design and sequential environment of the questions made it relevant for the students to comment on how the displayed situations appeared audiovisually and how these appearances contrasted with their experiences from the situation. In this way, the video enabled the students to talk about their own conduct, including their collaboration with their peers, from a third-person perspective. The study highlights the central role of instructions and instructional questions in the debriefings, how the video was used to make the students reconceptualise their performance together with others, and the importance of contributions from fellow students.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Elin, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Pedagogical use of video for feedback and reflection in simulation-based team-training
- 2013
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In: Högskolepedagogisk konferens i Göteborg (HKG 2013). ABSTRACTS [VERSION 1.6 | 2013-10-14].
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Within the educational sciences, the use of video in providing feedback on student performance has been investigated in several research studies. The current study aligns to this interest and investigates how video recordings of simulation scenarios are used as basis for feedback and reflection in healthcare education. The data corpus consists of forty video recorded simulation sessions that were part of a team training of medical and nursing students. The sessions were designed to provide opportunities for joint team training in order to develop competencies for interprofessional collaboration. The use of simulations for team training of health care students and professionals has a long tradition. A common assumption is that facilitated feedback discussions (debriefings) are critical for positive learning outcomes to occur. Whether and how such effects are achieved, however, have not been thoroughly addressed (Fanning & Gaba, 2007). In recent years, the use of video recordings of simulated scenarios in subsequent debriefings has become common practice and it is often thought to be beneficial (cf. Dieckmann et al., 2008). In relation to simulation-based team training, the concept “video-assisted debriefing” is commonly used to describe a facilitated discussion where short video sequences are used as a basis for feedback and reflection on team conduct. Empirical studies on how video features in this practice are, however, mainly absent. The general aim of the presentation is to address how video recordings can be used as a ground for feedback and reflection in facilitated group discussions in various educational settings. Based on short video sequences from the data material, the presentation will address how the use of video contributes to in-depth discussions on specific aspects of teamwork in the simulation scenario. Preliminary analyses indicate that selection of episodes, the introduction and framing of them as well as how they subsequently are discussed all are important for how the debriefings evolve. In the recorded sessions, two methods for introducing and following-up the video clips have been observed. One approach applied by the facilitators is to be very specific about the aspects that should be subject for discussion, whilst another is to be more open-ended and hand over to the students what aspects to focus on. In the present study, the significance of the facilitators’ questions and framing of the clips are subject to further analysis. References Dieckmann, P., Reddersen, S., Zieger, J., & Rall, M. (2008). A structure for video-assisted debriefing in simulator-basedtraining of crisis resource management. In R. Kyle & B. W. Murray (Eds.), Clinical Simulation: Operations, Engineering, and Management (pp. 667-676). Burlington: Academic Press. Fanning R.M. & Gaba D.M. (2007). The Role of Debriefing in Simulation-Based Learning. Simulation in Healthcare, 2(2): 115-125.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Oskar, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Trends in Swedish Contact Lens Prescribing 2017
- 2019
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Poster display 2: TRENDS IN SWEDISH CONTACT LENS PRESCRIBING 2017Presenter: Oskar JohanssonAuthors: OSKAR JOHANSSON1 , PHILP MORGAN2 , PETER GIEROW1Affiliation:1) Linnaeus University 2) University of ManchesterKey words: Contact lens, fitting, lens typePurpose: The purpose was to evaluate the trends of contact lens prescribing among Swedish optometrists in 2017.Methods: A standardized survey form developed by Morgan er al. was distributed to Swedish optometrists usingtheir professional organizations, optometry chains, direct email, and by hand directly. They were asked to fill out theform for the next ten contact lens patients after receiving the survey. Information was collected regarding the dayof fitting, age, sex, lens material, design, frequency of replacement, wear frequency, modality and type of caresystem. A weighting system is employed to account for the volume of activity undertaken by the respondents,calculated by the time period required to achieve 10 fits. All the forms and data were analyzed at the University of Manchester.Results: 57 forms were returned, including 562 fits. The mean age of the patients was 37 yrs, and 65 % were female.83 % were fitted for full-time wear and 27 % were managed as new fits. Soft contact lenses is the most fitted modalityand represents 97.8 % of all new fits and 93.6 % of all refits. Rigid contact lens fits represents therefore in grand total5.3 % with 2.2 % of the new fits and 6.4 % of the refits. About two-thirds of soft lenses prescribed were siliconehydrogels. Of the different designs, spherical lenses were most widely fitted, with toric lenses on at least one eyecoming right after. Extended wear accounts for 10.6 % of the fittings. Multi-purpose solutions were the most popularregimen prescribed at 99.4 %.Conclusions: When compared with data from Norway and Denmark, it is evident that daily disposables are morepopular in these countries (74 %), whereas in Sweden it is monthly replacements (58 %). Otherwise, the results aresimilar to what has been reported from other parts of the world.
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