| 1. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Enquiries in history : Experiences from a professional development seminar series
- 2021
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In: Professional development 2 (papers).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the research project (financed by Swedish Institute for Educational Research) is to develop the enquiry method as an educational approach for teachers to develop students’ critical abilities. Enquiry is a student-active method with the potential to enhance students’ learning under the guidance and instruction from proficient teachers. Therefore, it requires high demands on teachers' academic and subject didactical knowledge. The project is a researcher-teacher collaborative study where around thirty teachers from three school subjects (history, religious education and social studies) have designed and tested enquiries. During the three-year project (2020-2023) three research questions will be addressed: 1) how the method works as a knowledge-generating approach for students in a Swedish school context, 2) what characterizes teachers’ competence to construct and teach enquiries, and 3) how this competence can be advanced within the framework of a professional learning community.We present the theoretical context for a professional development seminar series called Doing Enquiry, and empirical samples and experiences from its implementation including enquiries designed and performed by the history teachers. Starting from the IDM-framework (Swan, Lee, & Grant, 2018), this seminar series focuses on the collaborative construction of enquiries. A hypothesis for the seminar series was that it would be crucial to provide an opportunity to take the role of the teacher as well as being positioned as a pupil in the construction phase of an enquiry. So far, preliminary results will reflect on the second and third question. The results indicate that some elements in history teachers’ competences, that professional development can enhance, are particularly important, e.g., a systematic approach to the planning, implementation and teaching of an enquiry; using a shared subject didactic knowledge within a professional community; and, deep academic knowledge.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Magdalena, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Physical activity and risk of first-time venous thromboembolism
- 2019
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In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Sage Publications. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 26:11, s. 1181-1187
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Physical activity may have a protective effect against venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and the risk of VTE in men and women separately.Methods: The population-based, prospective Venous thromboEmbolism In Northern Sweden (VEINS) cohort study included 108,025 participants of health examinations between 1985 and 2014. Physical activity data were collected by questionnaire. Participants were followed from health examination to first-time VTE event, death, emigration or the end of the study. All VTE events were validated by reviewing medical records and radiology reports.Results: During 1,496,669 person-years, 2054 participants experienced VTE. Women who performed leisure time physical activity at least once a week had a lower risk of first-time VTE (hazard ratio (HR) 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–0.98 after adjustments) compared with women with less or no physical activity. Furthermore, women with high occupational physical activity also had a lower risk of VTE (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74–0.98). In men, there was no consistent association between either measure of physical activity and the risk of VTE.Conclusion: We found an association between increased physical activity and a lower risk of first-time VTE in women.
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| 3. |
- Maria, Johansson, et al.
(author)
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Historiebruk
- 2021
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In: Puls SO 5. - Stockholm : Natur och kultur. - 9789127459854 ; , s. 24-27
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ett av målen i kursplanen för historia är att förstå hur historia används, och har använts, för olika syften och behov och av olika individer och grupper. Vanligen kallas detta historiebruk. Här följer en introduktion till historiebruk och förslag på hur man kan arbeta med det i undervisningen.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Elin M., et al.
(author)
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From risk communication about asymptomatic atherosclerosis to cognitive and emotional reactions and lifestyle modification
- 2024
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In: BMC Psychology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2050-7283. ; 12:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Non-adherence in the general population to preventive guidelines on cardiovascular disease calls for an interdisciplinary approach acknowledging psychological factors of relevance for risk communication and lifestyle modification. Evidence is building up regarding the advantage of sharing arterial imaging evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis with asymptomatic individuals, but there is limited understanding of how this relates to mechanisms of importance for behavioural change. Longitudinal studies on associations between patients’ reactions and lifestyle modification are missing. The population-based randomized controlled trial VIPVIZA investigates the impact of pictorial information about subclinical atherosclerosis, added to traditional risk factor-based communication. The intervention includes a personalized, colour-coded and age-related risk communication strategy and a motivational conversation, and has been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: In the present study we assessed cognitive and emotional reactions to the intervention, and how these reactions are associated to lifestyle modification. The participants’ evaluation of the risk communication was assessed in the intervention group (n=1749). Lifestyle modification was assessed with a lifestyle index based on physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption at baseline and after 3 years. Associations between cognitive and emotional response and lifestyle modification were tested with analyses of covariance in a subset of participants (n=714-857).Results: The intervention increased understanding of personal CVD risk, the possibility to influence the risk, and how to influence the risk. Severity of atherosclerosis was associated with emotional reactions, but emotions of strong negative valence were uncommon. Cognitive response and emotional arousal evoked by the intervention were positively associated with lifestyle modification, whereas negative emotions in isolation were not. High level of cognitive response in combination with high level of emotional arousal was found to be most beneficial for lifestyle modification.Conclusions: The results demonstrate the potential of communicating asymptomatic atherosclerosis with a pictorial, colour-coded and age-related strategy, also including a motivational conversation. Furthermore, the results show the importance of CVD risk communication evoking engagement, and that an interaction between cognitive and emotional reactions might be central for sustained lifestyle modification. Our results also indicate that, in an asymptomatic population, atherosclerosis screening may strengthen disease prevention and health promotion.
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| 5. |
- Barnes, Philippa, 1990-
(author)
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When processes collide : leadership, legitimacy and liberation in Palestine
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Palestinian national movement leadership has long been intertwined with thecontext of the national movement processes – liberation, peace and statebuilding. Over time, as these processes have not come to fruition, the numerousleadership groups have had to negotiate their relationships with these processesas both the groups and processes increasingly overlap, creating significantobservable points of tension within Palestinian politics. There are currentlymultiple levels of leadership across the national movement: two representativegoverning institutions – the Palestine Liberation Organisation and thePalestinian Authority; two dominant political movements – Fatah and Hamas;and numerous popular resistance initiatives such as the Boycott, Divestment andSanctions movement coalition that has different levels of endorsement (or lackof) by the other leaderships. This thesis seeks to map the Palestinian nationalliberation movement leadership, examining the inter-relations between themultiple leadership groups and internal (i.e. intra-Palestinian) legitimacies.Examining the internal legitimacies of the Palestinian leaderships results in anexpansion of how internal legitimacy can be conceptualised. For the historicalperiod (1958-2008) analysed, I found revolutionary, representative,oppositional, institutional, democratic and moral legitimacy types within thePalestinian case. Furthermore, these were all attributed to respective nationalmovement processes. Analysing the recent period (2016-2017) requires the useof a relational approach to further develop understandings of legitimacy. Thisapproach transforms legitimacy into a process of (de)legitimisation, whichinteracts with the national movement processes and helps us capture and analysethe complexities of the Palestinian case – that of concurrent, multiple andcontending perspectives. I found the continuation of the liberation and statebuilding processes as simultaneous bases of legitimisation to be a critical point oftension within the tandem legitimisation-delegitisimation process. Engaging arelational approach demonstrated the need for ongoing leadershipreconstruction. I conclude that, in order to negotiate the interactions andcontestations between the multiple and dynamic processes that underlielegitimacy, leaderships face an ultimatum of ‘reconstruct or delegitimise’. WherePalestinian leadership groups have stagnated and not engaged with a process ofreconstruction, we see processes of delegitimisation arising that can explain thecurrent leadership complexities within the Palestinian national movement.
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| 6. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Avfallsförebyggande handlar om effektiv produktion och genomtänkt konsumtion – inte om avfall. Sju lärdomar från forskningsprojektet från avfallshantering till avfallsförebyggande
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport sammanfattar de viktigaste lärdomarna från forskningsprojektet ”Från avfallshantering till avfallsförebyggande”. I forskningsprojektet har forskare från Lunds universitet och Göteborgs universitet, men också Umeå Universitet och Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, studerat avfallsförebyggande. Syftet med projektet har varit att identifiera och förklara svårigheterna med att förverkliga de avfallsförebyggandepolitiska målen. Forskarna har närmat sig projektets syfte genom innehållsanalys av avfallsplaner, kvantitativa och kvalitativa studier av avfallsförebyggande- initiativ, teoretisk kritik av stadsplanering, och kartläggning av hinder för avfallsförebyggande. Projektet har bedrivits i tät samverkan med kommuner, kommunala avfallsbolag, myndigheter, sociala rörelser och företag. Det har finansierats av forskningsrådet Formas (Dnr 259-2013-210). För den som vill veta mer finns källor refererade löpande i texten och redovisat i referenslistan i slutet av rapporten. Det går även bra att kontakta respektive forskare. Under Interna referenser redovisas de vetenskapliga artiklar, konferensbidrag, seminarier, uppsatser, reportage, debattartiklar, och nya forskningsprojekt som forskningsprojektet har lett till. På projektets webbplats www.ism.lu.se/mtp redogörs i detalj för projektet, till exempel de workshopar som har organiserats inom projektets ram.
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| 7. |
- Dessen Jankell, Lotta, 1970-
(author)
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Förstå verkligheten som system : - att utveckla gymnasieelevers systemgeografiska kunnande genom geografiundervisning
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This doctoral thesis is concerned with how upper secondary students in Sweden develop system geographical knowing through Geography teaching, where complex issues such as climate change are dealt with. In many countries, these issues are particularly relevant for the school subject of Geography since the subject is responsible for issues that involve system changes. These issues involve a complex web of aspects and dimensions so it is challenging for students to develop indepth holistic understandings. Commonly, students are left alone to synthesise the various parts into a whole. Systems thinking is suggested as an approach to dealing with these challenges, but there is little research on what such thinking implies in Geography teaching, or what students need to experience to develop this knowing. This educational design study departs from practice theory to explore and broaden systems thinking in Geography teaching by introducing a model task with connection web models that combine system dynamic causality, soft systems thinking, and spatial dimensions in a new way. The model task was developed and tested empirically in two upper secondary schools in Sweden. Research data consist of interviews and recordings of the students’ work with connection web models as a way of exploring complex issues. Findings from the study are presented in four peer-reviewed articles that together answer the two research questions: i) what does it mean to become system geographically knowledgeable when managing complex geographical issues? and ii) how can Geography teaching be designed to develop students’ system geographical knowing? Article I proposes a subject didactic model where the systems concept and other geographical concepts were used as organising tools to design Geography teaching. The model was developed in collaboration with Geography teachers and was used for designing the teaching interventions in the present study. Article II contributes findings from a series of lessons where the connection web model was introduced and presents four qualitatively different aspects of knowing that are critical for students to be able to use the model. For instance, being able to discern different causal characters of connections, to use place and scale as analytical tools, and to interpret the holistic pattern of interwoven connections. Article III analyses three different teaching designs and presents four design principles that teachers can use to support the development of the students’ system geographical knowing and overcome challenges that have been identified. Article IV presents findings about how the students experience the phenomenon of using the connection web models as a way of managing complex issues. Three different ways of experiencing the phenomenon are presented as well as critical aspects that students need to experience to qualify their knowing. This doctoral thesis broadens the view on what systems thinking can mean in the integrated and spatial school subject of Geography and contributes didactic models for teachers and researchers to use to develop the students’ knowing. The study argues that system geographical knowing is relevant for students to better understand complex issues concerning system changes. Finally, it is argued that connection web models have the potential to function as learning models if the model work is considered as a long-term process.
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| 8. |
- Dessen Jankell, Lotta, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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System Geographical Webbing as an Object of Knowing to Analyze Sustainability Issues in Geography
- 2022
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In: Journal of Geography education. - 2198-4298. ; 50:3, s. 119-140
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores system geographical webbing, i.e., to use a specific connection web to analyze sustainability issues, as an object of knowing in upper secondary Geography teaching. A model task was developed based on systems principles and geographical concepts. Empirical data consists of teaching interventions aimed at encouraging students to perform webbing actions and to construct geographical relationships of sustainability issues. The article describes aspects of the geographical knowing needed for using a connection web and its embedded tools to explore sus- tainability issues. Finally, the article suggests avenues for teachers to support system geographical knowing development.
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| 9. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Accelerometer derived physical activity and subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis : cross-sectional analyses in 22 703 middle-aged men and women in the SCAPIS study
- 2023
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.SETTING: Multisite study at university hospitals.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 22 670 participants without cardiovascular disease (51% women, 57.4 years, SD 4.3) from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study were included. SED, LIPA and MVPA were assessed by hip-worn accelerometer.PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Any and significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (CA), Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) and carotid atherosclerosis (CarA) were derived from imaging data from coronary CT angiography and carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: High daily SED (>70% ≈10.5 hours/day) associated with a higher OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91), for significant CA, and with lower OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95), for significant CarA. High LIPA (>55% ≈8 hours/day) associated with lower OR for significant CA 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.96), and CACS, 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.97), but with higher OR for CarA 1.41 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.76). MVPA above reference level, >2% ≈20 min/day, associated with lower OR for significant CA (OR range 0.61-0.67), CACS (OR range 0.71-0.75) and CarA (OR range 0.72-0.79). Theoretical replacement of 30 min of SED into an equal amount of MVPA associated with lower OR for significant CA, especially in participants with high SED 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.96) or low MVPA 0.51 (0.36 to 0.73).CONCLUSIONS: MVPA was associated with a lower risk for significant atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids, while the association varied in strength and direction for SED and LIPA, respectively. If causal, clinical implications include avoiding high levels of daily SED and low levels of MVPA to reduce the risk of developing significant subclinical atherosclerosis.
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