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- Helgeland, Øyvind, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of the genetic architecture of infant and early childhood body mass index.
- 2022
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In: Nature metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2522-5812. ; 4:3, s. 344-358
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Early childhood obesity is a growing global concern; however, the role of common genetic variation on infant and child weight development is unclear. Here, we identify 46 loci associated with early childhood body mass index at specific ages, matching different child growth phases, and representing four major trajectory patterns. We perform genome-wide association studies across 12 time points from birth to 8 years in 28,681 children and their parents (27,088 mothers and 26,239 fathers) in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Monogenic obesity genes are overrepresented near identified loci, and several complex association signals near LEPR, GLP1R, PCSK1 and KLF14 point towards a major influence for common variation affecting the leptin-melanocortin system in early life, providing a link to putative treatment strategies. We also demonstrate how different polygenic risk scores transition from birth to adult profiles through early child growth. In conclusion, our results offer a fine-grained characterization of a changing genetic landscape sustaining early childhood growth.
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| 3. |
- Afshin, Ashkan, et al.
(author)
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Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990-2017 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
- 2019
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In: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 393:10184, s. 1958-1972
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of major foods and nutrients across 195 countries and to quantify the impact of their suboptimal intake on NCD mortality and morbidity.Methods: By use of a comparative risk assessment approach, we estimated the proportion of disease-specific burden attributable to each dietary risk factor (also referred to as population attributable fraction) among adults aged 25 years or older. The main inputs to this analysis included the intake of each dietary factor, the effect size of the dietary factor on disease endpoint, and the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality. Then, by use of diseasespecific population attributable fractions, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), we calculated the number of deaths and DALYs attributable to diet for each disease outcome.Findings: In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 10-12) deaths and 255 million (234-274) DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1-5] deaths and 70 million [34-118] DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2-4] deaths and 82 million [59-109] DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1-4] deaths and 65 million [41-92] DALYs) were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates.Interpretation: This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Tionde konferensen om SoC
- 2010
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In: Elektronik i Norden. - 1103-2944. ; , s. 32-32
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Optimization of High-Voltage RF Power SiGe Transistors for Cellular Applications
- 1999
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In: High Power Microwave Electronics. - 5778202709
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The base profile design for high-voltage RF power silicon transistors with epitaxial SiGe base was studied using 2-D process and device simulations. The addition of Ge in the base makes thin base widths with very high base doping possible. This gives rise to a higher maximum oscillation frequency thus improving the critical power gain for these devices
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| 7. |
- Bjursten, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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The safety of introducing a new generation TAVR device : One departments experience from introducing a second generation repositionable TAVR
- 2017
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In: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2261. ; 17:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In the evolving field of transcatheter aortic valve replacements a new generation of valves have been introduced to clinical practice. With the complexity of the TAVR procedure and the unique aspects of each TAVR device, there is a perceived risk that changing or adding a new valve in a department could lead to a worse outcome for patients, especially during the learning phase. The objective was to study the safety aspect of introducing a second generation repositionable transcatheter valve (Boston Scientific Lotus valve besides Edwards Sapien valve) in a department. Methods: In a retrospective study, 53 patients receiving the Lotus system, and 47 patients receiving the Sapien system over a period of three years were compared for short-term outcome according to VARC-2 definitions and 1-year survival. Results: Outcome in terms VARC-2 criteria for early safety and clinical efficacy, stroke rate, and survival at 30 days and at 1 year were similar. The Lotus valve had less paravalvular leakage, where 90% had none or trace aortic insufficiency as compared to only 48% for the Sapien system. Conclusions: Introduction of a new generation valve can be done with early device success and safety, and without jeopardizing the outcome for patients up to one year. We found no adverse effects by changing valve type and observed improved outcome in terms of lower PVL-rates. Both existing and new centers starting a TAVR program can benefit from the use of a new generation device.
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| 9. |
- Ferndahl, Mattias, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Design and evaluation of 20-GHz power amplifiers in 130-nm CMOS
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies. - 1759-0787 .- 1759-0795. ; 1:4, s. 301-307
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of 130-nm CMOS for power amplifiers at 20GHz is explored through a set of power amplifiers as well as transistor level measurements. The power amplifiers explore single versus cascode configuration, smaller versus larger transistor sizes, and the combination of two amplifiers using power splitters/combiners. A maximum output power of 63mW at 20GHz was achieved. Transistor-level characterization using load pull measurements on 1-mm gate width transistors yielded 148-mW/mm output power. Transistor modeling and layout for power amplifiers are also discussed. An estimate on the maximum achievable output at 20GHz from 130-nm CMOS power amplifiers, based on findings in this paper and the literature, is finally presented.
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