1. |
- Coffin, John, et al.
(author)
-
ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile : Retroviridae 2021
- 2021
-
In: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 102:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Viruses in the family Retroviridae are found in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts. Enveloped virions are 80-100 nm in diameter with an inner core containing the viral genome and replicative enzymes. Core morphology is often characteristic for viruses within the same genus. Replication involves reverse transcription and integration into host cell DNA, resulting in a provirus. Integration into germline cells can result in a heritable provirus known as an endogenous retrovirus. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Retroviridae, which is available at ictv.global/ report/retroviridae.
|
|
2. |
- Currier, Russell W, et al.
(author)
-
The evolution of infectious agents in relation to sex in animals and humans: brief discussions of some individual organisms.
- 2011
-
In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1749-6632 .- 0077-8923. ; 1230, s. 74-107, s. 74-107
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The following series of concise summaries addresses the evolution of infectious agents in relation to sex in animals and humans from the perspective of three specific questions: (1) what have we learned about the likely origin and phylogeny, up to the establishment of the infectious agent in the genital econiche, including the relative frequency of its sexual transmission; (2) what further research is needed to provide additional knowledge on some of these evolutionary aspects; and (3) what evolutionary considerations might aid in providing novel approaches to the more practical clinical and public health issues facing us currently and in the future?
|
|
3. |
- Gifford, Robert J., et al.
(author)
-
Nomenclature for endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loci
- 2018
-
In: Retrovirology. - : BMC. - 1742-4690. ; 15
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Retroviral integration into germline DNA can result in the formation of a vertically inherited proviral sequence called an endogenous retrovirus (ERV). Over the course of their evolution, vertebrate genomes have accumulated many thousands of ERV loci. These sequences provide useful retrospective information about ancient retroviruses, and have also played an important role in shaping the evolution of vertebrate genomes. There is an immediate need for a unified system of nomenclature for ERV loci, not only to assist genome annotation, but also to facilitate research on ERVs and their impact on genome biology and evolution. In this review, we examine how ERV nomenclatures have developed, and consider the possibilities for the implementation of a systematic approach for naming ERV loci. We propose that such a nomenclature should not only provide unique identifiers for individual loci, but also denote orthologous relationships between ERVs in different species. In addition, we propose that-where possible-mnemonic links to previous, well-established names for ERV loci and groups should be retained. We show how this approach can be applied and integrated into existing taxonomic and nomenclature schemes for retroviruses, ERVs and transposable elements.
|
|
4. |
|
|