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- Johnsson, Bengt, et al.
(author)
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The human-computer interface in commercial systems : Investigations of dialogue design factors and usability with alphanumeric display terminals
- 1981
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- When terminal based computer systems are incorporated in administrative processes, man-computer interface technology for many reasons becomes a crucial problem area. Terminal users ("terminalists") in such systems account for a vast number of terminal hours. These people are not computer specialists and they have steadily increasing demands on working conditions and salaries. Little is known about especially psychological man-machine matching. A wide systems view including qualities of both man and machine is needed to create usable, acceptable and efficient systems.The present project included field investigations and controlled experimentation. The former activities gave information on practical systems, such as their characteristics and experienced problems related to man-computer cooperation. The latter activities gave concrete, new knowledge on a number of design properties of man-computer dialogues, related to different criteria. Information on the experimental method as such and on certain man-computer dialogue related characteristics of controlled variables were also obtained. A special result is that the design of the man-computer dialogue seems to be at least as important for terminalist performance and satisfaction as the design of the physical work environment.Results are expected to be general enough to be practically useful when designing administrative systems. They can vitalize criterion discussions.Controlled experimentation, suitably adapted, is claimed to be a valuable technique in the discusssed problem environment
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- Johnsson, Dennis, et al.
(author)
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Analyzing the Advantages of Run-Time Reconfiguration in Radar Signal Processing
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the 17th IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems. - Anaheim : ACTA Press. - 0889865256 - 9780889865259 ; , s. 701-706
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Configurable architectures have emerged as one of the most powerful programmable signal processing platforms commercially available, obtaining their performance through the use of spatial parallelism. By changing the functionality of these devices during run-time, flexible mapping of signal processing applications can be made. The run-time flexibility puts requirements on the reconfiguration time that depend both on the application and on the mapping strategy. In this paper we analyze one such application, Space Time Adaptive Processing for radar signal processing, and show three different mappings and their requirements. The allowed time for run-time reconfiguration in these three cases varies from 1 ms down to 1 µs. Each has its own advantages, such as data reuse and optimization of computational kernels. Architectures with reconfiguration times in the order of 10 µs provide the flexibility needed for mapping the example in an efficient way, allowing for on-chip data reuse between the different processing stages.
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- Johnsson, Dennis, et al.
(author)
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Two-level Reconfigurable Architecture for High-Performance Signal Processing
- 2004
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In: ERSA'04, The 2004 International Conference on Engineering of Reconfigurable Systems and Algorithms. - Arthens : CSREA Press. - 9781932415421 ; , s. 177-183
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High speed signal processing is often performed as a pipeline of functions on streams or blocks of data. In order to obtain both flexibility and performance, parallel, reconfigurable array structures are suitable for such processing. The array topology can be used both on the micro and macro-levels, i.e. both when mapping a function on a fine-grained array structure and when mapping a set of functions on different nodes in a coarse-grained array. We outline an architecture on the macro-level as well as explore the use of an existing, commercial, word level reconfigurable architecture on the micro-level. We implement an FFT algorithm in order to determine how much of the available resources are needed for controlling the computations. Having no program memory and instruction sequencing available, a large fraction, 70%, of the used resources is used for controlling the computations, but this is still more efficient than having statically dedicated resources for control. Data can stream through the array at maximum I/O rate, while computing FFTs. The paper also shows how pipelining of the FFT algorithm over a two-level reconfigurable array of arrays can be done in various ways, depending on the application demands.
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- Nielsen, Niklas, et al.
(author)
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Target temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest-a randomized, parallel-group, assessor-blinded clinical trial-rationale and design
- 2012
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In: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 163:4, s. 541-548
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Experimental animal studies and previous randomized trials suggest an improvement in mortality and neurologic function with induced hypothermia after cardiac arrest. International guidelines advocate the use of a target temperature management of 32 degrees C to 34 degrees C for 12 to 24 hours after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. A systematic review indicates that the evidence for recommending this intervention is inconclusive, and the GRADE level of evidence is low. Previous trials were small, with high risk of bias, evaluated select populations, and did not treat hyperthermia in the control groups. The optimal target temperature management strategy is not known. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods The TTM trial is an investigator-initiated, international, randomized, parallel-group, and assessor-blinded clinical trial designed to enroll at least 850 adult, unconscious patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of a presumed cardiac cause. The patients will be randomized to a target temperature management of either 33 degrees C or 36 degrees C after return of spontaneous circulation. In both groups, the intervention will last 36 hours. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at maximal follow-up. The main secondary outcomes are the composite outcome of all-cause mortality and poor neurologic function (cerebral performance categories 3 and 4) at hospital discharge and at 180 days, cognitive status and quality of life at 180 days, assessment of safety and harm. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanDiscussion The TTM trial will investigate potential benefit and harm of 2 target temperature strategies, both avoiding hyperthermia in a large proportion of the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest population.
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- Stenmarker, Margaretha, et al.
(author)
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Morbidity and mortality among children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer over six decades : a Swedish population-based cohort study (the Rebuc study)
- 2024
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In: The Lancet Regional Health. - : Elsevier. - 2666-7762. ; 42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Despite progress in managing cancer in children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYAs), persistent complications may impact their quality of life. This study covers the morbidity and mortality, among CAYAs, with the aim to investigate the influence of socioeconomic factors on outcomes. Methods This retrospective matched cohort study included the entire Swedish population of individuals under 25 with cancer 1958 - 2021. The population was identified from the Cancer Register, and controls were paired 1:5 based on age, sex, and residence. Multiple registers provided data on morbidity, mortality, and demographics. Findings This survey covering 63 years, identified 65,173 CAYAs and matched controls, a total of 378,108 individuals (74% females). CAYAs exhibited a 3.04 -times higher risk for subsequent cancer (Odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.92 - 3.17, p < 0.0001), a 1.23 -times higher risk for cardiovascular disease (OR 95% CI 1.20 - 1.26, p < 0.0001), and a 1.41 -times higher risk for external affliction (OR 95% CI 1.34 - 1.49, p < 0.0001). CAYAs had a higher mortality hazard, and after adjusting for socioeconomic factors, males, individuals born outside Europe, and those with greater sick -leave had a higher association with mortality, while education and marriage showed a beneficial association. Interpretation The Rebuc study, showed an increased risk for serious complications among young cancer patients in Sweden. Patient -specific variables, demographics, and socioeconomic factors influenced mortality. These results underscore the impact of cancer on the health and lifespan of young individuals and the necessity for further research to address socioeconomic disparities in cancer care.
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