| 1. |
- Jović, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
-
Sleep Studies in Serbian Victims of Torture : Analysis of Traumatic Dreams
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. - New York : Springer. - 9781493971480 - 9781493971466 ; , s. 395-409
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of prominent features related to the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is according to DSM-5 “recurrent distressing dreams in which the content and/or affect of the dream are related to the traumatic event(s)”. The phenomenology and the underlying dynamics of traumatic dreams are areas of study that still need to be understood.The study presented in this chapter is a qualitative study of traumatic dreams of torture survivors of the last Balkan wars. Aims of the study were to demonstrate two different methods of qualitative analysis of dreams which could be used for the investigation of latent structures of reported narratives of dreams, and to demonstrate how these structures are reflected in posttraumatic states, as changes in affect regulation, symbolization and attachment to others. An additional aim of the study was to help clinicians to better understand their traumatized patients’ dreaming by identifying mechanisms related to posttraumatic processes within the dream and thus give a better understanding on how the traumatized dreamers attempt of healing fail in recurrent nightmares.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kerekes, Nora, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in Adolescents’ Psychosocial Functioning and Well-Being as a Consequence of Long-Term COVID-19 Restrictions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work studied self-reports from adolescents on how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed their behaviors, relationships, mood, and victimization. Data collection was conducted between September 2020 and February 2021 in five countries (Sweden, the USA, Serbia, Morocco, and Vietnam). In total, 5114 high school students (aged 15 to 19 years, 61.8% females) responded to our electronic survey. A substantial proportion of students reported decreased time being outside (41.7%), meeting friends in real life (59.4%), and school performance (30.7%), while reporting increased time to do things they did not have time for before (49.3%) and using social media to stay connected (44.9%). One third of the adolescents increased exercise and felt that they have more control over their life. Only a small proportion of adolescents reported substance use, norm-breaking behaviors, or victimization. The overall COVID-19 impact on adolescent life was gender-specific: we found a stronger negative impact on female students. The results indicated that the majority of adolescents could adapt to the dramatic changes in their environment. However, healthcare institutions, municipalities, schools, and social services could benefit from the findings of this study in their work to meet the needs of those young people who signaled worsened psychosocial functioning, increased stress, and victimization.
|
|
| 3. |
- Stevanovic, Dejan, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement properties of the life history of aggression in adolescents : Data from Morocco, Serbia, Sweden, Vietnam, and the USA.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1781 .- 1872-7123. ; 311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Life History of Aggression (LHA) is a frequently used scale for assessing trait aggression, but its psychometric properties have not been evaluated among adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the LHA among high school students from Morocco, Serbia, Sweden, Vietnam, and the United States of America (USA). The total sample included 4867 adolescents, aged 15-19 years, from Morocco (n = 508), Serbia (n = 1067), Sweden (n = 1570), Vietnam (n = 1401), and the USA (n = 321). A two-factor, nine-item model containing an aggression factor (5 items) and a consequences/antisocial behavior factor (4 items) was created. The two-factor model had an acceptable-to-good model fit for the data for the total sample and all five countries, including gender. Cronbach's alpha (α) was satisfactory across countries. Still, the construct was noninvariant across countries and genders. The LHA with nine items in two subscales showed sound construct validity and internal consistency and can be used for group-level or within-group assessments of trait aggression in adolescents by either gender or country. However, it should not be used for cross-gender or cross-country comparisons due to a lack of measurement invariance.
|
|
| 4. |
- Varvin, Sverre, et al.
(författare)
-
Traumatische Träume : Streben nach Beziehung
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Psyche. - : Klett-Cotta. - 0033-2623. ; 66:09/10, s. 937-967
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic dreams: quest for relations. – Dreaming serves an integrative and adaptive function and represents a multifunctional process with memory consolidation, stress regulation, affective processing, problem solving, maintaining physiological and psychological health as well as preserving a function of wish fulfilment. Posttraumatic states are characterised by intrusive phenomena among which dreams with material referring to or reminding of the original traumatising experiences are frequent. It is hypothesised that traumatic dreams try to deal with day residues of strong uncontained emotions that reflect inner representations of traumatising experiences. This article discusses results from a sleep laboratory study of traumatic dreams of survivors from the Balkan wars using two qualitative methods. A group with manifest PTSD is compared with a group without manifest PTSD. Both had traumatising experiences. The first group showed failing dream work, the latter showed signs of traumatising experiences that was modified by dream work. Traumatic dreams showed dream work processes similar to non-traumatic dreams but with various levels of integration. Results are discussed in relation to psychoanalytic theories on dreaming and trauma.
|
|
| 5. |
- Varvin, Sverre, et al.
(författare)
-
When dreaming doesn't work : Traumatic dreams, anxiety and the capacity to symbolise
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Psychoanalysis in Social and Cultural Settings. - London : Routledge. - 9781032072357 - 9781003206057 ; , s. 161-182
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents research on the dreams of severely traumatised persons of the wars in Former Yugoslavia in the 1990's. Participants (25 in experimental group with current PTSD and 25 in a referential group without current PTSD) spent two nights in a sleep laboratory. Dreams were recorded during nights and in the morning. Dream narratives were analysed by two methods, the Zurich Dream Process Coding System (ZDPCS) and the Psychoanalytic Enunciation Analysis (PEA). ZDPCS analysed relational qualities in the dreams and how defensive processes interrupted attempts to make relegations and PEA analysed level and quality of symbolisation and transferential aspects of the dreams. Analyses showed that traumatised persons use normal dream mechanism but that they often fail with fearful awakening. Analysis of one dream is presented as example. Theoretical clinical implications of the research are discussed.
|
|
