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- Ahmad, T, et al.
(author)
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Skeletal changes in type-2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.
- 2003
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In: The Journal of endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 178:1, s. 111-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We characterized appendicular and axial bones in rats with type-2 diabetes in five female Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a strain developed from the Wistar rat showing spontaneous type-2 diabetes, and five age- and sex-matched non-diabetic Wistar rats. The humerus, tibia, metatarsals and vertebral bodies were analysed by peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT). In diabetic rats, the height of the vertebral bodies and length of the humerus were decreased while the length of the metatarsals was increased. A decreased cross-sectional area was found in the vertebral end-plate region and the tibial metaphysis. Notably, the diaphysis in all long bones showed expansion of periosteal and endosteal circumference. In tibia this resulted in increased cortical thickness, whereas in humerus and metatarsal it was unchanged. Areal moment of inertia was increased in all diaphyses suggesting greater bending strength. The most conspicuous finding in diabetic rats pertained to trabecular osteopenia. Thus, trabecular bone mineral density was significantly reduced in all bones examined, by 33-53%. Our pQCT study of axial and appendicular bones suggests that the typical feature of diabetic osteopathy in the GK rat is loss of trabecular bone and expansion of the diaphysis. The loss of metaphyseal trabecular bone if also present in diabetic patients may prove to underlie the susceptibility to periarticular fracture and Charcot arthropathy. The findings suggest that the risk of fracture in diabetes varies according to the specific sub-regions of a bone. The approach described may prove to be useful in the early detection of osteopathy in diabetic patients who may be amenable to preventive treatment.
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- Bjurholm, A, et al.
(author)
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The occurrence of neuropeptides at different stages of DBM-induced heterotopic bone formation
- 1990
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In: Bone and mineral. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-6009. ; 10:2, s. 95-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In developing heterotopic bone in the rat, induced by allogeneic bone matrix, we immunohistochemically detected nerves containing substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). After 10 days they were dicernible amidst differentiating chondroblastoid cells in fibrous tissue around and within the implants. Over the next 3 weeks, the nerves increased in number and gradually attained a shape and distribution resembling normal osseal nerves; varicose fibres frequently occurred in periosteum-like fibrous tissue and bone marrow adjacent to newly formed bone. At 8 weeks, NPY-fibres increased, particularly in the marrow and this abundance of NPY fibres remained at 16 weeks. VIP-immunoreactive fibres were only observed in the surrounding periosteum-like fibrous tissue 4-6 weeks after implantation. These observations, in combination with recent findings of receptors to neuropeptides on bone cells, suggest a neurogenic influence on physiological processes in bone tissue.
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