| 1. |
- Ederle, Joerg, et al.
(author)
-
Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial
- 2010
-
In: The Lancet. - 1474-547X. ; 375:9719, s. 985-997
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Methods The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Findings The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.16-2.45, p=0.006), Risks of any stroke (65 vs 35 events; HR 1.92, 1.27-2.89) and all-cause death (19 vs seven events; HR 2.76, 1.16-6.56) were higher in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group. Three procedural myocardial infarctions were recorded in the stenting group, all of which were fatal, compared with four, all non-fatal, in the endarterectomy group. There was one event of cranial nerve palsy in the stenting group compared with 45 in the endarterectomy group. There were also fewer haematomas of any severity in the stenting group than in the endarterectomy group (31 vs 50 events; p=0.0197). Interpretation Completion of long-term follow-up is needed to establish the efficacy of carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy. In the meantime, carotid endarterectomy should remain the treatment of choice for patients suitable for surgery.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Bäckström, Joakim, et al.
(author)
-
Raman scattering in YBa2Cu4O8 and PrBa2Cu4O8 - indications of pseudogap effects in non-superconducting PrBa2Cu4O8
- 2000
-
In: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 341, s. 2251-2252
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By analysis of the temperature evolution of Raman spectra, we connect an observed supression in low-energy electronic density of states to an anomalous sharpening of the Ba-phonon mode in superconducting YBa2Cu4O8 (Y-124) at around T=150 K. We link the supression of electronic excitations to an opening of a pseudogap. Similar effects observed for the Ba-phonon mode at roughly the same temperature in non-superconducting PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr-124) suggests that a pseduogap opens up around 150 K also in this material.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kall, M., et al.
(author)
-
Resonance Raman scattering as a probe of oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox
- 1998
-
In: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 59, s. 1988-1990
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the metastable photo-bleaching of the 2.15 eV yellow Raman resonance in oxygen deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (x = 6.35-6.87), extending investigations by Wake ct al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 1991,67, 3728) for x approximate to 7. Polarization, x dependence and phonon spectra indicate that the resonance is localized at oxygen vacancies in long CuO-chains. The resonance is thermally reactivated from the metastable bleached state with a relaxation time tau similar to exp[Delta/k(B)T] with Delta approximate to 1 eV. The resulting temperature dependent equilibrium resonance intensity essentially miners the oxygen superstructure disordering around T* approximate to 100 degrees C observed in the same crystals by hard X-ray diffraction, thus offering a new effective probe of chain-oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(author)
-
In situ resonant Raman scattering and reversible photoinduced structural change in YBa2Cu3O6+x
- 2005
-
In: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on bidirectional photoswitching associated with the CuO chains in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3O6+x single crystals. By varying the wavelength of light polarized along the CuO chains, the material can be reversibly switched between two metastable states characterized by the existence or absence of a specific Raman scattering resonance. A comparison of the spectral efficiencies for this photoswitching with analogous data for the persistent photoconductivity and photoconductivity quenching effects suggests that the two phenomena have the same microscopic origin. We argue that the effects are due to photoinduced Cu-O charge-transfer excitations, which destabilize chains of different length depending on wavelength, and promote the growth of thermally inaccessible oxygen ordering configurations.
|
|
| 6. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(author)
-
Photoinduced effects and oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox
- 2001
-
In: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 364, s. 545-548
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (Y123) exhibits persistent photoconductivity when illuminated by visible light. We have investigated resonant Raman spectra as a function of excitation wavelength and temperature, which shed new light on photoinduced effects and chain oxygen dynamics in Y123. Experimental evidence suggests that the mechanism behind the unusual photoinduced effects primary involves photoinduced oxygen ordering. Our Raman data also constitute the non-diffraction observations of the superstructure phase transition in Y123. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(author)
-
Resonant Raman scattering and photoinduced metastability in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox
- 2000
-
In: Physica C. ; 338, s. 157-160
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We studied the photoinduced metastable states in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (Y123) (x = 6.35-6.87). The states are identified by the intensity dependences of CuO-chain resonance on photo irradiation and temperature. Below room temperature (RT) the CuO-chain resonance can be completely suppressed by irradiation with visible light polarized along the CuO chains, indicating photo-assisted oxygen ordering. Above RT, the resonance intensity returns and saturates at T > 100 degrees C. This behavior exactly reflects the temperature dependence of chain oxygen ordering in the same crystals observed by hard X-ray diffraction. The stability of the photo-induced state is in agreement with reported persistent photo-induced superconductivity effects. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bjornsson, P., et al.
(author)
-
Lattice and charge excitations in La1-xSrxMnO3
- 2000
-
In: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 61, s. 1193-1197
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We employ inelastic Light scattering to study the dependence of the lattice and charge excitations in La1-xSrxMnO3 compounds on doping and temperature. The phonons reveal strong local lattice distortions in the paramagnetic state, which gradually vanish below the ferromagnetic transition. We identify charge excitations in the metallic state. They exhibit a dependence on the doping level and symmetry selection rules typical for a plasmonlike excitation. Their energy scale of 100 meV requires a low-carrier-density component of the plasma outlining the importance of electronic interactions in La1-xSrxMnO3.
|
|
| 9. |
- Dahlin, Andreas, et al.
(author)
-
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing of Lipid-Membrane-Mediated Biorecognition Events
- 2005
-
In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 127:14, s. 5043-5048
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Supported phospholipid bilayers (SPBs) have emerged as important model systems for studies of the natural cell membrane and its components, which are essential for the integrity and function of cells in all living organisms, and also constitute common targets for therapeutic drugs and in disease diagnosis. However, the preferential occurrence of spontaneous SPB formation on silicon-based substrates, but not on bare noble-metal surfaces, has so far excluded the use of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing principle for studies of lipid-membrane-mediated biorecognition reactions. This is because the LSPR phenomenon is associated with, and strongly confined to, the interfacial region of nanometric noble-metal particles. This problem has been overcome in this study by a self-assembly process utilizing localized rupture of phospholipid vesicles on silicon dioxide in the bottom of nanometric holes in a thin gold film. The hole-induced localization of the LSPR field to the voids of the holes is demonstrated to provide an extension of the LSPR sensing concept to studies of reactions confined exclusively to SPB-patches supported on SiO2. In particular, we emphasize the possibility of performing label-free studies of lipid-membrane-mediated reaction kinetics, including the compatibility of the assay with array-based reading (similar to 7 x 7 mu m(2)) and detection of signals originating from bound protein in the zeptomole regime.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
