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- Bendtsen, Preben, et al.
(författare)
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Hazardous drinking concepts, limits and methods : Low levels of awareness, knowledge and use in the Swedish population
- 2011
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 46:5, s. 638-645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate the awareness and knowledge of hazardous drinking limits among the general population in Sweden and the extent to which people estimate their alcohol consumption in standard drinks to assess their level of drinking. Methods: A population-based study involving 6000 individuals selected from the total Swedish population was performed. Data were collected by means of a postal questionnaire. The mail survey response rate was 54.3% (n = 3200) of the net sample of 5891 persons. Results: With regard to drinking patterns, 10% of the respondents were abstainers, 59% were sensible drinkers and 31% were classified as hazardous drinkers. Most of the abstainers (80%), sensible drinkers (64%) and hazardous drinkers (56%) stated that they had never heard about the standard drink method. Familiarity with the hazardous drinking concept also differed between the three categories although 61% of sensible and hazardous drinkers expressed awareness of the concept (46% of the abstainers). Knowledge about the limits for sensible drinking was very poor. Between 94 and 97% in the three categories did not know the limit. There was a statistically significant association between having visited health care within the last 12 months and being aware of the standard drink method and the hazardous drinking concept, but not with knowing the hazardous drinking limits. Similarly, there was a significant association between having had at least one alcohol conversation in health care within the last 12 months and being aware of the standard drink method and the hazardous drinking concept, but not with knowing the hazardous drinking limits. Conclusion: The results can be seen as a major challenge for the health-care system and public health authorities because they imply that a large proportion of the Swedish population does not know when alcohol consumption becomes a threat to their health. The current strategy to disseminate knowledge about sensible drinking limits to the population through the health-care system seems to have failed and new means of informing the population are warranted. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved.
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- Ekberg, Kerstin, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsgivares kostnader, åtgärder och anpassningar för sjuknärvarande och sjukfrånvarande medarbetare : samband med återgång i arbete och produktion
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien syftade till att undersöka vilka åtgärder arbetsgivare gör för sjukskrivna medarbetare och vilka kostnader arbetsgivare och samhället har i samband med sjuknärvaro och sjukfrånvaro.Totalt 3000 sjukskrivna personer i AFA Försäkrings register med diagnoserna psykiska besvär eller besvär i rörelseorganen fick ett informationsbrev och förfrågan om samtycke till att forskarna skulle få skicka en enkät till deras arbetsledare; 393 sjukskrivna gav samtycke. En webbenkät skickades till dessa arbetsledare. Totalt 198 arbetsledare (50 %) till sjukskrivna personer besvarade enkäten.Resultaten visar att arbetsgivare genomför en rad olika åtgärder och anpassningar när en medarbetare blir sjukskriven. Analyserna visade att dessa åtgärder och anpassningar i viss mån beror på vem den sjukskrivne medarbetaren är. Åtgärder och anpassningar var vanligare för sjukskrivna med psykiska diagnoser, för högutbildade och för sjukskrivna i högkvalificerade yrken. Kvinnor fick i högre grad anpassningar och åtgärder såsom ändrade arbetsuppgifter och psykosocialt stöd jämfört med män.Demografiska faktorer visade sig ha mindre betydelse för om den sjukskrivne återgick i arbete eller ej. Multipla logistiska regressionsanalyser visade att åtgärder och anpassningar på arbetsplatsen hade signifikanta samband med en ökad chans för återgång i arbete. Resultaten visade också att för sjukskrivna medarbetare vars arbetsledare hade tagit många kontakter med andra aktörer, som HR-avdelningen, företagshälsan och/eller Försäkringskassan var sannolikheten lägre att den sjukskrivne medarbetaren återgick i arbete. Arbetsledare tog fler kontakter, om den sjukskrivne medarbetaren hade en psykisk diagnos.Sjuknärvaro och produktionsförlust före, under och efter sjukskrivningen skattades av arbetsledarna. Sammanlagt beräknades produktionsförlusterna till cirka SEK 100 000 per sjukskrivningsfall. Härutöver lägger arbetsgivare tid på att ta kontakter, genomföra åtgärder och anpassningar och organisera om arbetet. Arbetsledare hade mycket oklar eller saknade helt uppfattning om vad tid, åtgärder och anpassningar kostar, varför detta inte har kunnat analyseras närmare. De beräknade genomsnittliga kostnaderna till följd av produktivitetsförluster är således en underskattning av de faktiska kostnaderna för arbetsgivare.Studien visar att arbetsledares kunskap om vad sjuknärvaro och sjukfrånvaro kostar för verksamheten och för samhället är begränsad. En ökad kostnadsmedvetenhet skulle kunna stimulera till att större resurser läggs på att implementera policys för hälsofrämjande åtgärder och att utbilda arbetsledare i att hantera frågor om hälsa och arbetsförmåga på arbetsplatsen.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Emotional support predicts more sickness absence and poorer self assessed work ability : a two-year prospective cohort study
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 10:1, s. 648-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: While back pain and stressful work environment are shown to be important causes of sickness absence the effect of psychosocial resources on sickness absence, and on self assessed work ability, is less commonly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess these associations in a two-year follow-up study. METHODS: 341 working people aged 45 to 64, randomly drawn from the population, responded to a questionnaire at baseline and at a two-year follow-up. Poisson regression was used to analyse the association of psychosocial factors (psychosocial instruments on work environment, emotional support and psychological resources) and previous back pain (low back and/or neck) at baseline with sickness absence (spells and days) at follow-up, controlling for effects of age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, occupation, disease and previous sickness absence. Logistic regression was used to study the associations of psychosocial factors and previous back pain at baseline with self assessed prognosis of poor work ability six months from follow-up. Finally, a multivariate analysis tested the independent effects of previous back pain and 3 psychosocial factors derived in a factor analysis: 1. work environment; 2. emotional support; 3. psychological resources, on work ability and absence days and spells. RESULTS: 80% of the sickness absence spells within the last 12 months before follow-up were short-term (<= 14 days). In the final model, high emotional support predicted more sickness absence spells (RR 1.36; 1.11-1.67) and days (RR 1.68, 1.22-2.31). Previous back pain (OR 2.56; 1.13-5.81), high emotional support (OR 1.58; 1.02-2.46), and low psychological resources (OR 0.62; 0.44-0.89) were related to poorer self assessed prognosis of work ability at follow up. CONCLUSIONS: In a general middle aged working population high emotional support was related to more sickness absence and also poorer self assessed prognosis of work ability. Our findings suggest that both sickness absence and self assessed work ability are dependent of life outside work and can be affected by a person's close community.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality in relation to disability pension : findings from a 12-year prospective population-based cohort study in Sweden.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:4, s. 341-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Knowledge is limited regarding the association between disability pension (DP) and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the relative risk (RR) of mortality associated with DP among women and men of different ages over a 12-year period, for DP in general, and for full-time DP, part-time DP, and DP for labour-market reasons, respectively. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed covering the total population of the Swedish county of Östergötland aged 16—64 years in December 1984 (n=245,704) followed up from 1985 to 1996. The RR of mortality was analysed in relation to DP, age, and gender using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The RR of mortality was higher for DP recipients than for individuals without DP, and this was true for both women (RR 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.63 to 2.96) and men (RR 2.97, CI 2.83 to 3.11), and for all age groups. The RR of mortality was highest among the youngest DP recipients. The RR of mortality was especially high the first year of DP and remained elevated over the whole follow-up period. The RR of mortality among part-time DP recipients was lower than among full-time DP recipients and was significantly higher than seen for non-DP recipients. Individuals granted DP for labour-market reasons exhibited much lower RR of mortality than all other DP recipients. Conclusions: Further research is needed to investigate which factors explain the very high RR of mortality among disability pensioners.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship Between Educational Level and Attitudes Towards Alcohol Conversations in Healthcare : A Cross-Sectional Survey Conducted in Four European Countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1661-8556 .- 1661-8564. ; 68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the association between educational level and attitudes towards alcohol conversations in healthcare using population-based surveys of adults in England, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden; and to compare attitudes towards alcohol conversations in healthcare between these four countries. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted amongst adults in the general population in England (n = 3,499), the Netherlands (n = 2,173), Norway (n = 1,208), and Sweden (n = 3,000). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between attitudes towards alcohol conversations in healthcare and educational level, key demographic variables, alcohol consumption, and country of residence. Results: In all four countries, low educational level (p < 0.001) and male gender (p < 0.001) were associated with holding negative attitudes towards discussing alcohol in healthcare. Risky drinkers had more negative attitudes than low risky drinkers towards discussing alcohol in healthcare (p < 0.001) in all countries except England (p = 0.48), and also reported low levels of perceived honesty and confidence in healthcare (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of considering patients’ socio-economic status when developing and implementing alcohol prevention interventions in healthcare. Copyright © 2023 Karlsson, Skagerström, O’Donnell, Abidi, Thomas, Nilsen and Lid.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for disability pension in a population-based cohort of men and women on long-term sick leave in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 18:3, s. 224-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Knowledge on predictors of disability pension is very limited. The aim was to assess the importance of sick-leave diagnosis and socio-demographic variables as risk factors for disability pension among individuals on long-term sickness absence and to compare these factors by gender and over time. Methods: A prospective population-based cohort study in Östergötland County, Sweden, included 19 379 individuals who, in 1985-87, were aged 16-60 years and had a new spell of long-term sickness absence lasting <56 days. Follow-up was done in two time frames: 0-5 and 6-10 years after inclusion. The risk of disability pension in relation to sick-leave diagnosis and socio-demographic factors was assessed by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results: In 5 years, after inclusion, 28% of the cohort had been granted disability pension. Those with higher age, low income, previous sick leave, no employment and non-Swedish origin had higher risk of disability pension, while those with young children had lower risk. Considering the inclusion diagnosis, the pattern differed between men and women (P < 0.001). Among men, those with mental disorders had the highest risk and among women those with musculoskeletal disorders. Except for income, the effect of which was reversed over time, the overall pattern of disability pension predictors remained 6-10 years after inclusion but was attenuated. Conclusion: Besides socio-demographic risk factors, the sick-leave diagnoses constitute an important both medium and long-term predictor of disability pension among both men and women on long-term sickness absence. © 2008. The Author(s).
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of disability pension in relation to sex and age in a Swedish county 1985-1996; A 12-year prospective cohort study.
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Number of persons on disability pension is increasing in many countries. So far the nowledge on risk for disability pension in a population over time is very limited. Aim To estimate the cumulative probability of disability pension among women and men in different age groups over a 12-year period. Methods A population-based prospective longitudinal cohort study. All the 229,864 sick-insured individuals, aged 16–64 years in the Swedish County of Östergötland in 1984 who then had no disability or old age pension were followed to 1996. The following data was obtained for each of the 12 years for all the individuals: disability pension status, old-age retirement status, and date of death. The probability of being granted disability pension over the study period was estimated using life tables. The risk for disability pension was modelled as a function of sex and age using a Cox's proportional hazards model. 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results The cumulative estimates of the probability (in %) of being granted disability pension over 5 years adjusted for mortality and age retirement were, respectively 0.3, 0.9, 1.8, 6.3, and 22.8 for men and 0.4, 1.4, 3.2, 9.2, and 21.5 for women in the age groups 16–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, and 55–64 years. The probabilities increased much over the years, more so for the women. The hazard ratios of disability pension for women vs. men were 1.6 (1.4–1.8), 1.9 (1.7–2.0), 1.7 (1.6–1.8), 1.2 (1.2–1.3), and 0.9 (0.9–0.9) in the same five age groups. Conclusions There were significant both age and sex differences in the risk of being granted disability pension. The former was expected but that the later was so large and differed with ages was not expected. Except for the age group 55–64 years, women had a higher risk of disability pension than men. More knowledge is needed on factors affecting this.
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