| 1. |
- Asadzadeh, Mohammad, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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The discrete ordinates method for the neutron transport equation in an infinite cylindrical domain
- 1992
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Ingår i: Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Science. ; 2:3, s. 317-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We prove a regularity result for a Fredholm integral equation with weakly singular kernel, arising in connection with the neutron transport equation in an infinite cylindrical domain. The theorem states that the solution has almost two derivatives in L1, and is proved using Besov space techniques. This result is applied in the error analysis of the discrete ordinates method for the numerical solution of the neutron transport equation. We derive an error estimate in the L1-norm for the scalar flux, and as a consequence, we obtain an error bound for the critical eigenvalue.
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| 2. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for subarachnoid haemorrhage : a nationwide cohort of 950 000 adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:6, s. 2018-2025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with high mortality rate and substantial disability among survivors. Its causes are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate risk factors for SAH using a novel nationwide cohort consortium.METHODS: We obtained individual participant data of 949 683 persons (330 334 women) between 25 and 90 years old, with no history of SAH at baseline, from 21 population-based cohorts. Outcomes were obtained from the Swedish Patient and Causes of Death Registries.RESULTS: During 13 704 959 person-years of follow-up, 2659 cases of first-ever fatal or non-fatal SAH occurred, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 9.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) (7.4-10.6)/100 000 person-years] in men and 13.8 [(11.4-16.2)/100 000 person-years] in women. The incidence rate increased exponentially with higher age. In multivariable-adjusted Poisson models, marked sex interactions for current smoking and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Current smoking conferred a rate ratio (RR) of 2.24 (95% CI 1.95-2.57) in women and 1.62 (1.47-1.79) in men. One standard deviation higher BMI was associated with an RR of 0.86 (0.81-0.92) in women and 1.02 (0.96-1.08) in men. Higher blood pressure and lower education level were also associated with higher risk of SAH.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SAH is 45% higher in women than in men, with substantial sex differences in risk factor strengths. In particular, a markedly stronger adverse effect of smoking in women may motivate targeted public health initiatives.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Pacemaker treatment after Fontan surgery-A Swedish national study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Congenital Heart Disease. - : Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press). - 1747-079X .- 1747-0803. ; 14:4, s. 582-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveFontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n=599). ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 12.2years, 13% (78/599) of the patients with Fontan circulation had received pacemakers. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) type of total cavopulmonary connection had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with lateral tunnel (LT; 17%). Mortality did not differ between patients with (8%) and without pacemaker (5%). The most common pacemaker indication was sinus node dysfunction (SND) (64%). Pacemaker implantation due to SND was less common among patients with EC. Pacemaker implantation was significantly more common in patients with mitral atresia (MA; 44%), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; 24%) and double inlet left ventricle (DILV; 20%). In contrast, patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were significantly less likely to receive a pacemaker (3% and 6%, respectively). ConclusionsThirteen percent of Fontan patients received a permanent pacemaker, most frequently due to SND. EC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker than LT. Permanent pacemaker was more common in patients with MA, DORV, and DILV.
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| 5. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Sinus node dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation: could heart rate variability be a predictor for pacemaker implantation?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 40:4, s. 685-693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sinus node dysfunction (SND) causes significant morbidity in patients after Fontan surgery. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the autonomic regulation of the heart, and changes in HRV have been associated with SND in adults. We aimed to study whether changes in HRV could be detected in 24-h electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings in Fontan patients with SND. We compared HRV results from two patient groups; patients with Fontan circulation who later required a pacemaker due to severe SND (n = 12) and patients with Fontan circulation and SND, without indication for pacemaker treatment (n = 11), with two control groups; patients with Fontan circulation without SND (n = 90) and healthy controls (n = 66). The Poincare plot index SD2 (representing changes in heart rate over 24-h) and the very low-frequency (VLF) HRV component were significantly higher in both SND groups, both compared with healthy controls and patients with Fontan circulation without SND. In SND patients with pacemakers, SD2 and VLF were slightly reduced compared to SND patients without pacemaker (p = 0.06). In conclusion, in Fontan patients with SND the HRV is significantly higher compared to healthy controls and Fontan patients without SND. However, in patients with severe SND requiring pacemaker, SD2 and VLF tended to be lower than in patients with SND without pacemaker, which could indicate a reduced diurnal HRV in addition to the severe bradycardia. This is a small study, but our results indicate that HRV analysis might be a useful method in the follow-up of Fontan patients regarding development of SND.
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| 6. |
- Alvinius, Aida, Docent, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Tematisk analys : Din handbok till fascinerande vetenskap
- 2023
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vill du använda dig av tematisk analys i din forskning eller uppsats, men vet inte riktigt hur det går till? Här får du hjälp – hands-on! Tematisk analys är en av de mest använda metoderna vid analys av data som genereras från intervjuer, litteratur och officiella dokument. Men trots att metoden är så populär har det hittills saknats en lärobok på svenska som särskilt fokuserar på den tematiska analysens olika steg. Den här boken behandlar alla delar vid undersökningar och uppsatsskrivande som tar sin utgångspunkt i tematisk analys, och på så sätt kompletterar den mer generella metodböcker. Den fungerar också som stöd för lärare vid handledning av examensarbeten på alla nivåer. Boken är av praktisk karaktär och innehåller ett stort antal illustrerande exempel och steg-för-steg-instruktioner.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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DN Debatt: LRF och Svenskt flyg svarar inte om klimatmålen
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Sammantaget ser vi inget i motdebattörernas argument som talar emot att införa styrmedel, till exempel konsumtionsskatter, inom dessa områden där inga stora tekniska lösningar finns i sikte, skriver 14 miljö- och energiforskare i slutrepliken till sin text om flyg- och köttskatt (26/2).
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| 8. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Nu krävs kraftfulla åtgärder mot nötkött och flygresor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; 2015-02-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenskarnas globala utsläpp från köttkonsumtion och flygresor motsvarar hälften av de totala utsläppen på hemmaplan. I vår rapport till Naturvårdsverket föreslår vi tydliga styrmedel – som nya skatter – för att begränsa konsumtionen på dessa områden, skriver 14 miljö- och energiforskare.
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| 9. |
- Anmyr, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Children with hearing impairment : living with cochlear implants or with hearing aids
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0165-5876 .- 1872-8464. ; 75:6, s. 844-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this study was to enhance knowledge about the life circumstances of children with cochlear implants or hearing aids, regarding daily functioning and attitude to the impairment. Methods Data were obtained from 36 children with cochlear implants and 38 children with hearing aids via study-specific questionnaires with fixed answer alternatives. The questions covered (1) usage of aids and related factors, (2) hearing in different everyday situations, (3) thoughts about the children's own hearing and others’ attitudes to it, and (4) choice of language. The data were analyzed using SPSS, and presented via the theoretical frame of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth version (ICF-CY). Results Children with CI and HA functioned equally well in daily life, but there were also certain differences. Symptoms from neck and shoulders were more common among children with hearing aids than among children with cochlear implants (p < .001). Children with hearing aids used their aids significantly less often than those with cochlear implants (p < .001). The participation variables showed that children with hearing aids had significantly more hearing problems in team sports (p = .033) and outdoor activities (p = .019), in comparison to children with cochlear implants. The two groups had similar thoughts regarding their own hearing, mostly considering it not to be a problem. They also did not generally think that other people found their hearing to be a problem. Conclusions Children with cochlear implants and children with hearing aids have, in some aspects, equally good functioning in everyday life situations. However, certain differences were found in dimensions of functioning, regarding neck and shoulder pain, usage of aids and sign language, and hearing problems in some activities.
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