| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Hinrichsen, F., et al.
(author)
-
Microbial regulation of hexokinase 2 links mitochondrial metabolism and cell death in colitis
- 2021
-
In: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-4131. ; 33:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hexokinases (HK) catalyze the first step of glycolysis limiting its pace. HK2 is highly expressed in gut epithelium, contributes to immune responses, and is upregulated during inflammation. We examined the microbial regulation of HK2 and its impact on inflammation using mice lacking HK2 in intestinal epithelial cells (Hk2(Delta IEC)). Hk2(Delta IEC) mice were less susceptible to acute colitis. Analyzing the epithelial transcriptome from Hk2(Delta IEC) mice during colitis and using HK2-deficient intestinal organoids and Caco-2 cells revealed reduced mitochondrial respiration and epithelial cell death in the absence of HK2. The microbiota strongly regulated HK2 expression and activity. The microbially derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate repressed HK2 expression via histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and reduced mitochondrial respiration in wild-type but not in HK2-deficient Caco-2 cells. Butyrate supplementation protected wild-type but not Hk2(Delta IEC) mice from colitis. Our findings define a mechanism how butyrate promotes intestinal homeostasis and suggest targeted HK2-inhibition as therapeutic avenue for inflammation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bey-Gress, Ch., et al.
(author)
-
Modélisation de l'interaction sol-fondations superficielles
- 1999
-
In: Revue Francaise de Geotechnique. - : EDP Sciences. - 0181-0529 .- 2493-8653. ; 88:3, s. 37-45
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Les ouvrages de génie civil sont classiquementdimensionnés selon les sollicitations qu'ils doiventreprendre, avec des conditions limites locales souventpeu réalistes. Les fondations sont dimensionnées parailleurs, selon les sollicitations transmises, mais en aucuncas la modification du comportement de l'une des partiesn'est prise en compte pour le dimensionnement de l'autrepartie. Il est nécessaire de comprendre d'abord ce qui sepasse au niveau local sol-fondation pour caractériser lecomportement de cet ensemble de propriétés mécaniqueset rhéologiques différentes soumis à des sollicitationscomplexes, avec tous les problèmes inhérents au contact.Le travail présenté concerne des fondations superficiellesposées sur un milieu pulvérulent homogène isotrope,sous des sollicitations de type effort vertical et momentcouplé ou non-couplé.Modelisation
|
|
| 5. |
- Bolton, Malcolm D., et al.
(author)
-
Centrifuge cone penetration tests in sand
- 1999
-
In: Geotechnique. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 0016-8505 .- 1751-7656. ; 49:4, s. 543-552
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When performing centrifuge tests, it is necessary to carry out in-flight tests such as the cone penetration test (CPT). Recently, miniature CPTs have formed one collaboration entitled 'European Program of Improvement in Centrifuging' (EPIC). This article provides information on both the random and the consistent variations which have been observed with CPTs in sand when identical prototypes have been modeled in the different laboratories.
|
|
| 6. |
- Burjánek, J., et al.
(author)
-
Earthquake Damage Scenario in Visp (Switzerland) : From Active Fault to Building Damage
- 2012
-
In: Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering 2012 (15WCEE). - : ETH Zürich.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a damage scenario based on multidisciplinary study which covers the key elements of the earthquakerisk chain in Visp. Full dynamic rupture simulations are performed using heterogeneous initial distributions,statistically compatible to the database of kinematic inversion results of past earthquakes. The fault is embeddedin the 3D velocity model of the area, which is based on an extensive ambient noise measurement campaign. Inorder to assess the risk in the city of Visp, the buildings were classified based on the screening survey of thebuilding stock. The seismic behavior of each class is described by the mean of fragility curves, partly developedby analytical, numerical and experimental investigations and partly based on existing methods
|
|
| 7. |
- Fäh, Donat, et al.
(author)
-
Coupled seismogenic geohazards in Alpine regions
- 2012
-
In: Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata. - 0006-6729. ; 53:4, s. 485-508
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- COupled seismogenic GEohazards in Alpine Regions (COGEAR) is an interdisciplinary natural hazard project investigating the hazard chain induced by earthquakes. It addresses tectonic processes and the related variability of seismicity in space and time, earthquake forecasting and short-term precursors, and strong ground motion as a result of source and complex path effects. We study non-linear wave propagation phenomena, liquefaction and triggering of landslides in soil and rock, as well as earthquake-induced snow avalanches. The Valais, and in particular parts of the Rhone, Visper, and Matter valleys have been selected as study areas. Tasks include detailed field investigations, development and application of numerical modeling techniques, assessment of the susceptibility to seismically induced effects, and installation of different monitoring systems to test and validate our models. These systems are for long-term operation and include a continuous GPS and seismic networks, a test installation for observing earthquake precursors, and a system to study site-effects and non-linear phenomena in two test areas (Visp, St. Niklaus / Randa). Risk-related aspects relevant for buildings and lifelines are also considered
|
|
| 8. |
- Kapogianni, Elena, et al.
(author)
-
Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviour of the Interface between Soil and Reinforcement, via Experimental and Numerical Modelling
- 2016
-
In: Procedia Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7058. ; 143, s. 419-426
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the interface properties between soil and reinforcement, via experimental and numerical modelling of reinforced slopes. In particular, several scale models were built and tested under enhanced gravity in the geotechnical drum centrifuge at ETH Zurich and corresponding prototype numerical models were analyzed via a finite element stress analysis code. Optical fibre sensors were attached on the reinforcement layers of the experimental scaled models in order to measure linear strain during the increase of the g-level, and the results were compared to linear strain that was derived by the numerical analysis of the correspondent prototype reinforced slopes. The interface between soil and reinforcement was expressed in terms of normal and shear stiffness on the soil-reinforcement boundary and different values were tested in order to achieve validation of the experimental and numerical results.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kapogianni, Ekena, et al.
(author)
-
Reinforced slope modelling using optical fibre sensors and PIV analysis
- 2010
-
In: Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. - 9780415592901 ; , s. 1125-1130
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The behaviour of geosynthetic reinforced slope models subjected to self weight loading and impact rockfall event is studied using the geotechnical drum centrifuge of ETH Zurich. Several tests were carried out on wrap-around reinforced sand slopes with a model height of 18 cm and slope inclination 2V:1H. Different reinforcement materials were used with length from 11-19 cm in model scale. In order to define the strain distribution developed along the reinforcement layers during the different loading scenarios, optical fibre sensors were placed at various positions on the geosynthetics sheets. The deformations developed on the slopes have also been measured using digital images and Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) analysis and a comparison of the optical fibre measurements to the PIV analysis measurements is made. In general, the available measurements allow insight in the mechanism acting in the reinforced soil mass and also into the failure mechanism. © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, London.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kapogianni, Elena, et al.
(author)
-
The use of optical fibre sensors in a geotechnical centrifuge for reinforced slopes
- 2010
-
In: Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. - 9780415592895 ; , s. 343-348
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to investigate making strain measurements via optical fibre sensors in a geotechnical centrifuge. This study is part of a test series, which has been carried out in the ETH Zurich geotechnical centrifuge, with the main goal being to investigate the behaviour of reinforced slopes that are subjected, initially, to self weight loading and, subsequently, to impact from a rockfall event. Several reinforced slope models were built with a height of 18 cm and a slope inclination of 2V:1H. The maximum g-level applied was 100 g and the optical fibre sensors were placed on the reinforcement layers at various positions in the model in order to measure the deformations of the reinforcement during the different loading events. © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, London.
|
|
