| 1. |
- Beck, Caroline, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Tissue-specific targeting for cardiovascular gene transfer. Potential vectors and future challenges
- 2004
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In: Current Gene Therapies. - 1566-5232. ; 4:4, s. 457-67
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The introduction of genes to cardiovascular cells in vivo remains the major challenge for current gene therapy modalities. However, recent developments in retargeting adenoviral vectors are promising to improve transduction efficiency in the cardiovascular cells. After systemic application, most adenoviral vectors are trapped by the liver, hampering delivery to target cardiovascular tissues. Furthermore, a majority of vectors for vascular gene transfer utilizes strong heterologous viral promoters, such as CMV. A potential side effect related to the use of such vectors is the systemic organ toxicity resulting from unrestricted transgene expression. These vectors have the additional problem of being frequently shut-down in vivo. Therefore, both retargeting adenoviral vectors and the use of tissue-specific promoter-driven vectors offer an enhanced safety profile by reducing ectopic expression in vital organs including the liver and lung. However, the limiting factor for the use of tissue-specific promoters is the low-level of expression compared with their viral counterparts. Both the development of efficient and strong vectors using cell-specific regulatory elements and the production of therapeutic proteins at sufficient levels is urgently needed to inhibit vasculoproliferative disorders. This review will focus on some of the recent achievements in vector development relevant to the delivery of vascular gene therapies targeted to the vascular endothelium, smooth muscle cells and macrophages during arterial remodelling.
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| 2. |
- Byers, R., et al.
(author)
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Structured condition numbers for invariant subspaces
- 2006
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In: Siam Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications. ; 28:2, s. 326-347
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Invariant subspaces of structured matrices are sometimes better conditioned with respect to structured perturbations than with respect to general perturbations. Sometimes they are not. This paper proposes an appropriate condition number c(S), for invariant subspaces subject to structured perturbations. Several examples compare c(S) with the unstructured condition number. The examples include block cyclic, Hamiltonian, and orthogonal matrices. This approach extends naturally to structured generalized eigenvalue problems such as palindromic matrix pencils.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Le, Thanh-Nam, et al.
(author)
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Dynamics of 3D beam elements in a corotational context : A comparative study of established and new formulations
- 2012
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In: Finite elements in analysis and design (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-874X .- 1872-6925. ; 61, s. 97-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper deals with Newmark time stepping methods and finite rotations for nonlinear finite element analysis of flexible beam structures. The corotational method is used to develop expressions of the internal forces and the corresponding tangent stiffness matrices. For the dynamic part, four formulations based on different parameterizations of rotations are compared. The first three are classic formulations taken from the literature with some modifications for two of them. The last one is new and uses three of the four Euler parameters (quaternion) as rotational variables. For all these approaches, theoretical derivations as well as practical implementations are given in detail. The similarities and differences between the formulations are pointed out. Six numerical examples are studied in order to compare these four formulations in terms of numerical accuracy and computational efficiency. Regarding efficiency, the choice of the predictor at each time step and the possibility to simplify the tangent inertia matrix are carefully investigated. The numerical results show that these four formulations have the same numerical accuracy, but that the computational efficiency depends on the choice of the tangent inertia matrix. Besides, the new formulation proposed in this paper turns out to be the fastest one.
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| 5. |
- Le, Thanh Nam, et al.
(author)
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Efficient dynamic formulation for co-rotational 2D beams
- 2011
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In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Structural Dynamics Eurodyn 2011. - 9789076019314 ; , s. 1976-1981
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 2D beam element, Corotational method, Nonlinear dynamic analysis, Dynamics, Interpolation, Matrix algebra, Nonlinear analysis, Stiffness matrix, Structural dynamics, Beam elements, Co-rotational formulation, Cubic interpolation, Dynamic non-linear analysis, Finite-element approach, Local interpolation, Tangent stiffness matrix, Finite element method.
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| 6. |
- Le, Thanh Nam, et al.
(author)
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Efficient formulation for dynamics of corotational 2D beams
- 2011
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In: Computational Mechanics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-7675 .- 1432-0924. ; 48:2, s. 153-161
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The corotational method is an attractive approach to derive non-linear finite beam elements. In a number of papers, this method was employed to investigate the non-linear dynamic analysis of 2D beams. However, most of the approaches found in the literature adopted either a lumped mass matrix or linear local interpolations to derive the inertia terms (which gives the classical linear and constant Timoshenko mass matrix), although local cubic interpolations were used to derive the elastic force vector and the tangent stiffness matrix. In this paper, a new corotational formulation for dynamic nonlinear analysis is presented. Cubic interpolations are used to derive both the inertia and elastic terms. Numerical examples show that the proposed approach is more efficient than using lumped or Timoshenko mass matrices.
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| 7. |
- Le, Thanh Nam, et al.
(author)
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Efficient formulation for nonlinear dynamics of steel frames
- 2012
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In: STESSA 2012. - 9780415621052 ; , s. 1113-1118
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The corotational finite element approach is a well known method to develop nonlinear beam elements in case of large displacements and small deformations. Many authors used this method to investigate the nonlinear dynamic analysis of planar beams. Nevertheless, concerning the derivation of the inertia terms, most of the approaches found in the literature adopted either a lumped mass matrix or linear local interpolations (which gives the classical linear and constant Timoshenko mass matrix), although local cubic interpolations were used to derive the elastic force vector and tangent stiffness matrix. In this paper, a new corotational formulation for dynamic nonlinear analysis is presented. Cubic interpolations are used to derive both the inertia and elastic terms. Several examples of elastic beam with large displacements show that the proposed approach is more efficient than using classical mass matrices found in literature.
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| 8. |
- Le, T. N., et al.
(author)
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Expression and simple purification strategy for the generation of antimicrobial active enterocin P from Enterococcus faecium expressed in Escherichia coli ER2566
- 2014
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In: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology. - : Armenian Green Publishing Co.. - 1728-3043 .- 2322-2921. ; 12:4, s. 16-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Enterocin-P of Enterococcus faecium P13 (EntP) is of great interest as a food preservative and medicine due to its non-toxicity and broad antimicrobial spectrum at various pH, as well as its excellent thermal stability. However, recombinant production of EntP is still in laboratory because of low productivity and complex purification process. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to develop efficient methods for high-level expression and convenient purification of the recombinant EntP.Materials and Methods: An artificially synthesized gene (entP) of 132 bp encoding mature enterocin P of E. faecium P13 was cloned in plasmid pTWIN1 under the control of an inducible T7lac promoter for expression of fusion protein EntP- Mxe GyrA mini-intein-chitin binding domain (CBD) (abbreviated by EntP-Int-CBD) in E. coli. Recombinant EntP was released from the fusion protein by DTT digestion and cleaned by distilled water and checked for anti-bacterial activity. Results: The fusion protein was highly expressed in insoluble form in E. coli at 37ºC with 0.05 mM IPTG induction. The insoluble fusion protein EntP-Int-CBD was easily prepared by cell sonication and centrifugation to remove soluble con- taminants. The repeat washing steps with Triton X-100 were applied to reduce contaminants. After DTT-induced self- digestion in urea 4 M, the EntP released from the fusion protein was insoluble in water and easier to be separated from sol- uble Int-CBD by centrifugation. The recombinant peptide was soluble in 20% 2-propanol in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and exhibited strong anti- Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus activities.Conclusions: This study is the first report providing a simple, quick and straight forward procedure for heterologous production of functional and pure Enterocin P without using any chromatography columns in the purification process.
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| 9. |
- Ljung, Magnus
(author)
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Newspaper genres and newspaper English
- 2000
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In: The Structure and Language of Media Texts. - : John Benjamins, Amsterdam & Philadelphia. ; , s. 131-149
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 10. |
- Lundberg, Kristina, 1959-
(author)
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Conflicting values - everyday ethical and leadership challenges related to care in combat zones within a military organization
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction: Licensed medical personnel (henceforth LMP) experience ethical problems related to undertaking care duties in combat zones. When employed in the Armed Forces they are always under the command of tactical officers (henceforth TOs).Aim: The overall aim was to explore everyday ethical problems experienced by military medical personnel, focusing on licensed medical personnel in combat zones from a descriptive and normative perspective. A further aim was to explore leadership challenges in leading licensed medical personnel.Methods: For the research descriptive, explorative (inductive and abductive) and normative designs were used. Data collection was undertaken by using different methods. Altogether 12 physicians, 15 registered nurses, seven combat lifesavers and 15 tactical officers were individually interviewed. The participants were selected by strategic (I), purposive (II) and theoretical sampling (III). The interviews were analyzed by using qualitative content analysis. Study III used classic grounded theory and study IV was a normative analysis of an ethical problem based on the idea of a wide reflective equilibrium.Results: We found that LMP experience ethical problems related to dual loyalty when serving in combat zones. They give reasons for undertaking, or not, military duties that can be seen as combat duties. Sometimes they have restricted reasons for undertaking these military duties. Furthermore, LMP are under the command of TOs who found it challenging when leading LMP, since TOs have to unify LMP in the unit. The unifying makes it difficult since LMP experience dual loyalty.Conclusions: LMP experience dual loyalty in combat zones. The reason maybe that humanitarian law and the medical ethical codes are not clear-cut or explicit about how to be interpreted around these everyday ethical problems in internal military operations. In order to fit in todays context humanitarian law needs to be revised. Furthermore, LMP need further training in parallel with reflections on ethical problems in order to adapt to the combat zones of today.
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