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  • Hopkins, Ella G., et al. (author)
  • Network of mental activities, cognitive function and depression in older men and women
  • 2023
  • In: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - 1879-1379. ; 162, s. 113-122
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BackgroundEvidence suggests that lifestyle activities impact cognitive and mental health in older populations. However, how lifestyle factors are associated with one another, and which factors are most important for cognitive function and mental health has received comparatively little attention.DesignBayesian-Gaussian network analysis was used to investigate unique associations between mental activities (MA; i.e., activities involving cognitive engagement), global cognition, and depression at three time-points in a large sample of older adults (baseline, 2 years, and 4 years follow-up).SettingThis study used longitudinal data from participants living in Australia and participating in the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study.ParticipantsThe sample included 998 participants (55% female) aged between 70 and 90, without a diagnosis of dementia at baseline.MeasurementsNeuropsychological assessment of global cognition, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self-reported information about daily MA.ResultsCognitive functioning was positively associated with playing tabletop games and using the internet in both sexes at all time-points. MA were differentially linked in men and women. Depression was not consistently associated with MA in men across the three time-points; women who visited artistic events consistently had lower depression scores.ConclusionsEngaging with tabletop games and using the internet was associated with better cognition in both sexes, however sex acted as a modifier for other associations. These findings are useful for future investigations that consider interactive associations between MA, cognition, and mental health in older adults, and their possible roles in promoting healthy aging.
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  • Leman, Patrick J, et al. (author)
  • Conversation, Development, and Gender: A Study of Changes in Childrens Concepts of Punishment
  • 2010
  • In: CHILD DEVELOPMENT. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0009-3920 .- 1467-8624. ; 81:3, s. 958-971
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • One hundred thirty-three children, average age 9.58 years, were read vignettes describing a moral transgression and then discussed what would constitute a fair punishment. Childrens gender influenced conversation dynamics (use of interruption and other simultaneous speech) but not conversation content (justifications for judgments). All children who engaged in conversation showed development in judgments after 8 weeks compared with a control (no interaction) group. However, there was no relation between conversation dynamics or content and development, or any effects of gender, on the developmental process. The benefits of peer collaboration were general rather than specific to the stimulus story.
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