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- Clarke, R. J., et al.
(author)
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Detection of short lived radioisotopes as a fast diagnostic for intense laser-solid interactions
- 2006
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 89:14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As a diagnostic of high-intensity laser interactions (> 10(19) W cm(-2)), the detection of radioactive isotopes is regularly used for the characterization of proton, neutron, ion, and photon beams. This involves sample removal from the interaction chamber and time consuming post shot analysis using NaI coincidence counting or Ge detectors. This letter describes the use of in situ detectors to measure laser-driven (p,n) reactions in Al-27 as an almost real-time diagnostic for proton acceleration. The produced Si-27 isotope decays with a 4.16 s half-life by the predominantly beta+ emission, producing a strong 511 keV annihilation peak. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
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- McKenna, P., et al.
(author)
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Lateral electron transport in high-intensity laser-irradiated foils diagnosed by ion emission
- 2007
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 98:14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An experimental investigation of lateral electron transport in thin metallic foil targets irradiated by ultraintense (>= 10(19) W/cm(2)) laser pulses is reported. Two-dimensional spatially resolved ion emission measurements are used to quantify electric-field generation resulting from electron transport. The measurement of large electric fields (similar to 0.1 TV/m) millimeters from the laser focus reveals that lateral energy transport continues long after the laser pulse has decayed. Numerical simulations confirm a very strong enhancement of electron density and electric field at the edges of the target.
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- Adolfsson, L., et al.
(author)
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Acutrak screw fixation versus cast immobilisation for undisplaced scaphoid waist fractures
- 2001
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In: Journal of Hand Surgery - British and European Volume. - : SAGE Publications. - 0266-7681 .- 1532-2211. ; 26 B:3, s. 192-195
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fifty-three patients with less than 14 day-old, undisplaced fractures of the waist of the scaphoid were randomized to two groups. Twenty-eight patients were treated by immobilisation in a below elbow plaster cast for 10 weeks while 25 were treated by percutaneous insertion of an Acutrak standard screw. There were no statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups with regard to either the rate of union or the time to union. Patients who underwent surgery had a significantly better range of motion at 16 weeks but there were no significant differences for grip strength. Acute percutaneous internal fixation of undisplaced scaphoid waist fractures using the Acutrak screw allows early mobilisation without adverse effects on fracture healing.
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- Andersson, Jonny K, 1972, et al.
(author)
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Distal radio-ulnar joint instability in children and adolescents after wrist trauma.
- 2014
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In: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-1934 .- 2043-6289. ; 39:6, s. 653-661
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study retrospectively evaluated the medical records and radiographs of patients younger than aged 25 that were referred for a second opinion due to ulnar-sided wrist pain and persistent distal radio-ulnar (DRU) joint instability. We identified 85 patients with a major wrist trauma before the age of 18. Median age at trauma was 14 years. Median time between trauma and diagnosis of DRUJ instability was 3 years. Sixty-seven patients (79%) had sustained a fracture at the initial trauma. The two most common skeletal injuries related to the DRUJ instability were Salter-Harris type II fractures (24%) and distal radius fractures (19%). In 19 patients (22%), the secondary DRUJ instability was caused by malunion or growth arrest. Eighteen patients (21%) had no fracture; in spite of this, they presented with subsequent symptomatic DRUJ instability. Fourteen of these 18 patients had a triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear, confirmed by arthroscopy, open surgery, or magnetic resonance imaging. In conclusion, late DRUJ instability due to wrist fractures or isolated TFCC tears was found to be common in children and adolescents.Level of evidence: IV.
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