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| 2. |
- Aresdahl, Alexander, et al.
(author)
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Congenital granular cell epulis : a case report
- 2015
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In: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cases. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-5419. ; 1:1, s. 8-11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is an uncommon benign lesion found in newborns. It has predominance for females with an 8:1 ratio in relation to males and is exclusively encountered in the oral cavity. The most affected oral site is located around the canine/incisor region of the maxillary alveolar ridge, where the lesion arises from the soft tissue as a solitary pedunculated mass. CGCE's histogenesis remains obscure and controversial. We present a rare case of 2 separate CGCE lesions adjacent to each other measuring 23 × 18 × 10 and 15 × 10 mm, positioned facially on the right maxillary alveolar process. The patient, a 2-day-old female newborn, did not experience any serious difficulty regarding breathing or deglutition. Complete surgical excision was the treatment of choice in this case, and the procedure was performed under both general and local anesthesia. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of CGCE. The patient showed satisfactory postoperative healing and excellent health at both the 10-day recall appointment and the 6-month follow-up.
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| 3. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(author)
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Validation of an MPC polymer coating to attenuate surface- induced cross-talk between the complement and coagulation systems in whole blood in in vitro and in vivo models
- 2019
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In: Macromolecular Bioscience. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1616-5187 .- 1616-5195. ; 19:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artificial surfaces that come into contact with blood induce an immediate activation of the cascade systems of the blood, leading to a thrombotic and/or inflammatory response that can eventually cause damage to the biomaterial or the patient, or to both. Heparin coating has been used to improve hemocompatibility, and another approach is 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-based polymer coatings. Here, the aim is to evaluate the hemocompatibility of MPC polymer coating by studying the interactions with coagulation and complement systems using human blood in vitro model and pig in vivo model. The stability of the coatings is investigated in vitro and MPC polymer-coated catheters are tested in vivo by insertion into the external jugular vein of pigs to monitor the catheters' antithrombotic properties. There is no significant activation of platelets or of the coagulation and complement systems in the MPC polymer-coated one, which was superior in hemocompatibility to non-coated matrix surfaces. The protective effect of the MPC polymer coat does not decline after incubation in human plasma for up to 2 weeks. With MPC polymer-coated catheters, it is possible to easily draw blood from pig for 4 days in contrast to the case for non-coated catheters, in which substantial clotting is seen.
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| 4. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(author)
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Validation of an MPC polymer coating to reduce surface-induced cascade system activation in whole blood in in vitroand in vivo models
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ABSTRACTBackground: Artificial surfaces that come into contact with blood (e.g., when used in various forms of biomedical device) induce an immediate activation of the cascade systems of the blood, the coagulation and complement systems. These reactions may lead to a thrombotic and/or inflammatory response that can eventually cause damage to the biomaterial or the patient, or to both. Multiple strategies to dampen these reactions have been employed, with heparin conjugation to the material surface being the most successfulthus far. Another approach to improving hemocompatibility is to use 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-based polymer coatings.Experimental: In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of MPC polymer coating and compared it to a commercially available heparin coating in various in vitromodels using fresh human blood with the aim to replace the costly heparin-coated equipment with the more economic MPC. We then investigated the stability of the various coatings in human plasma in vitrofor 2 weeks. Finally, we inserted MPC polymer-coated catheters into the external jugular vein of pigs and monitored the catheters’ antithrombotic properties for 4 days.Results: 1) There was no significant activation of platelets and of the coagulation and complement systems on the MPC polymer-coated or the commercially available heparin surface. 2) Both coats were superior in hemocompatibility to non-coated matrix surfaces. 3) The protective effect of the MPC polymer coat did not decline after incubation in plasma for up to 2 weeks. 4) With MPC polymer-coated catheters, it was possible to easily draw blood from experimental animals for 4 days, in contrast to the case for heparin-flushed commercially available non-coated catheters, in which substantial clotting was seen.
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| 6. |
- Brodin, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Inhaled ciclesonide in adults hospitalised with COVID-19 : a randomised controlled open-label trial (HALT COVID-19)
- 2023
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of inhaled ciclesonide in reducing the duration of oxygen therapy (an indicator of time to clinical improvement) among adults hospitalised with COVID-19.DESIGN: Multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label trial.SETTING: 9 hospitals (3 academic hospitals and 6 non-academic hospitals) in Sweden between 1 June 2020 and 17 May 2021.PARTICIPANTS: Adults hospitalised with COVID-19 and receiving oxygen therapy.INTERVENTION: Inhaled ciclesonide 320 µg two times a day for 14 days versus standard care.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was duration of oxygen therapy, an indicator of time to clinical improvement. Key secondary outcome was a composite of invasive mechanical ventilation/death.RESULTS: Data from 98 participants were analysed (48 receiving ciclesonide and 50 receiving standard care; median (IQR) age, 59.5 (49-67) years; 67 (68%) men). Median (IQR) duration of oxygen therapy was 5.5 (3-9) days in the ciclesonide group and 4 (2-7) days in the standard care group (HR for termination of oxygen therapy 0.73 (95% CI 0.47 to 1.11), with the upper 95% CI being compatible with a 10% relative reduction in oxygen therapy duration, corresponding to a <1 day absolute reduction in a post-hoc calculation). Three participants in each group died/received invasive mechanical ventilation (HR 0.90 (95% CI 0.15 to 5.32)). The trial was discontinued early due to slow enrolment.CONCLUSIONS: In patients hospitalised with COVID-19 receiving oxygen therapy, this trial ruled out, with 0.95 confidence, a treatment effect of ciclesonide corresponding to more than a 1 day reduction in duration of oxygen therapy. Ciclesonide is unlikely to improve this outcome meaningfully.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04381364.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Björn, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Obese (ob) gene defects are rare in human obesity
- 1997
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In: Obesity Research. - 1071-7323 .- 1550-8528. ; 5:1, s. 30-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our knowledge of the role of the recently cloned ob-protein (leptin) in the regulation of body fat stores is largely derived from experiments performed in mice. Different mouse models exhibit abnormalities in ob-gene expression, with extreme overexpression in mice which lack bioactive ob-protein, have nonfunctional ob-receptors or hypothalamic lesions, and undetectable expression in mice with suggested defects in regulatory elements. The aim of this study is to examine if defects, corresponding to those in mice, exist in human obesity. Adipose tissue was obtained from 94 adult obese subjects and from six children who had developed obesity after surgery in the hypothalamic region. Total RNA was isolated and ob-gene expression was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot. The coding region of the ob-gene was sequenced in both directions in the 94 obese adults. No mutations were detected in the coding region of the ob-gene and ob-gene expression was detectable in all subjects and none of the subjects had an extreme overexpression. There was no systematic increase in ob-expression in obese children with hypothalamic disease compared to their healthy brothers and sisters. These results show that severe abnormalities involving the ob-gene, analogous to those described in mouse models, are rare in human obesity. We therefore conclude that the cloning and subsequent analysis of the ob-gene has not provided information that can, by itself, explain the genetic component in the development of human obesity.
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| 9. |
- Granberg, I, et al.
(author)
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Capillary supply in relation to myosin heavy chain fibre composition of human intrinsic tongue muscles
- 2010
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In: Cells Tissues Organs. - : S. Karger AG. - 1422-6405 .- 1422-6421. ; 192:5, s. 303-313
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The capillary supply and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition of three different intrinsic tongue muscles was analysed in the anterior and posterior regions of the human tongue with biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Mean capillary density for the whole tongue was 796 ± 82 cap/mm², without regional differences. The overall number of capillaries around each fibre (CAF) was higher in the posterior than in the anterior region (2.5 vs. 2.1, p = 0.009). However, correcting for regional differences in fibre size, CAF per fibre area was higher in the anterior region (4.3 vs. 3.0, p < 0.001). Muscle fibres containing fast MyHCs predominated in the anterior region (78.7%), consisting of MyHCIIa (58.5%), MyHCIIx (1.0%), MyHCIIa+MyHCIIx (11.3%) and MyHCI+MyHCIIa (7.9%). Fibres containing slow MyHC predominated in the posterior region (65.2%), consisting of MyHCI (45.5%) and MyHCI+MyHCIIa (19.7%). A minor fibre population (<2%) contained unusual MyHC isoforms, namely MyHC foetal, MyHC slow-tonic, MyHC α-cardiac or MyHC embryonic. The microvascularization of the human tongue was twice as high as in human limb muscles. Regional similarities in capillary supply, but differences in fibre phenotype composition, suggest that human tongue muscle fibres are fatigue resistant independently of MyHC content. High frequency of hybrid fibres, that is fibres co-expressing two or more MyHC isoforms, indicates a wider spectrum of fibre contractile properties than in limb muscles. In conclusion, human intrinsic tongue muscles showed internal specialization in distribution of MyHC isoforms and capillary supply, but not in the expression of unusual MyHCs.
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, C, et al.
(author)
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Human adipose tissue expresses angiotensinogen and enzymes required for its conversion to angiotensin II.
- 1998
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In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 83:11, s. 3925-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Angiotensin II regulates blood pressure and may affect adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. Angiotensin II is produced by cleavage of angiotensinogen by renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme in the circulation. In addition, angiotensin II may be produced in various tissues by enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) or the nonrenin-angiotensin system (NRAS). We have analyzed the expression of angiotensinogen and enzymes required for its conversion to angiotensin II in human adipose tissue. Northern blot demonstrated angiotensinogen expression in adipose tissue from nine obese subjects. Western blot revealed a distinct band of expected size of the angiotensinogen protein (61 kDa) in isolated adipocytes. RT-PCR, followed by Southern blot, demonstrated renin expression in human adipose tissue. Angiotensin-converting enzyme messenger RNA was detected by RT-PCR, and the identity of the PCR products was verified by restriction enzyme cleavage. Transcripts for cathepsin D and cathepsin G, components of the NRAS, were detected by RT-PCR, verified by restriction enzyme cleavage. We conclude that human adipose tissue expresses angiotensinogen and enzymes of RAS and NRAS. This opens the possibility that angiotensinogen-derived peptides, produced in adipose tissue itself, may affect adipogenesis and play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity.
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