| 1. |
- Ahling, Bengt, et al.
(author)
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Experimental firing with Brini, at Eksjö, April 1981
- 1982
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Experimental firing with BRINI pellets, which are made from teh combustible fraction of household waste, has been carried out in a 10 MW fluidised bed combustion boiler. The results indicate that good combustion effciency was obtained. Emission of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons was low. Release of chlorinated organic compounds and dust emission were also at a low level. Experiments to study the effect of firing with a mixture of BRINI and wood chips, in order to reduce HCl emission, were not conclusive because of difficulties in mixing the fuels.
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| 2. |
- Bidleman, Terry, et al.
(author)
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Halomethoxybenzenes in air of the Nordic region
- 2023
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In: Environmental Science and Ecotechnology. - : Elsevier. - 2666-4984. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Halomethoxybenzenes (HMBs) are a group of compounds with natural and anthropogenic origins. Here we extend a 2002–2015 survey of bromoanisoles (BAs) in the air and precipitation at Råö on the Swedish west coast and Pallas in Subarctic Finland. New BAs data are reported for 2018 and 2019 and chlorinated HMBs are included for these and some previous years: drosophilin A methyl ether (DAME: 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene), tetrachloroveratrole (TeCV: 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5,6-dimethoxybenzene), and pentachloroanisole (PeCA). The order of abundance of HMBs at Råö was ΣBAs > DAME > TeCV > PeCA, whereas at Pallas the order of abundance was DAME > ΣBAs > TeCA > PeCA. The lower abundance of BAs at Pallas reflects its inland location, away from direct marine influence. Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots of log partial pressure (Pair)/Pa versus 1/T suggested distant transport at both sites for PeCA and local exchange for DAME and TeCV. BAs were dominated by distant transport at Pallas and by both local and distant sources at Råö. Relationships between air and precipitation concentrations were examined by scavenging ratios, SR = (ng m−3)precip/(ng m−3)air. SRs were higher at Pallas than Råö due to greater Henry's law partitioning of gaseous compounds into precipitation at colder temperatures. DAME is produced by terrestrial fungi. We screened 19 fungal species from Swedish forests and found seven of them contained 0.01–3.8 mg DAME per kg fresh weight. We suggest that the volatilization of DAME from fungi and forest litter containing fungal mycelia may contribute to atmospheric levels at both sites.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Pernilla, et al.
(author)
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as sentinels for the elucidation of Arctic environmental change processes : a comprehensive review combined with ArcRisk project results
- 2018
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In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 25:23, s. 22499-22528
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be used as chemical sentinels for the assessment of anthropogenic influences on Arctic environmental change. We present an overview of studies on PCBs in the Arctic and combine these with the findings from ArcRisk-a major European Union-funded project aimed at examining the effects of climate change on the transport of contaminants to and their behaviour of in the Arctic-to provide a case study on the behaviour and impact of PCBs over time in the Arctic. PCBs in the Arctic have shown declining trends in the environment over the last few decades. Atmospheric long-range transport from secondary and primary sources is the major input of PCBs to the Arctic region. Modelling of the atmospheric PCB composition and behaviour showed some increases in environmental concentrations in a warmer Arctic, but the general decline in PCB levels is still the most prominent feature. 'Within-Arctic' processing of PCBs will be affected by climate change-related processes such as changing wet deposition. These in turn will influence biological exposure and uptake of PCBs. The pan-Arctic rivers draining large Arctic/sub-Arctic catchments provide a significant source of PCBs to the Arctic Ocean, although changes in hydrology/sediment transport combined with a changing marine environment remain areas of uncertainty with regard to PCB fate. Indirect effects of climate change on human exposure, such as a changing diet will influence and possibly reduce PCB exposure for indigenous peoples. Body burdens of PCBs have declined since the 1980s and are predicted to decline further.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Chaudhary, Rajiv, et al.
(author)
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Marker-Trait Associations for Tolerance to Ash Dieback in Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
- 2020
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In: Forests. - : MDPI. - 1999-4907. ; 11:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) is a tree species of significant ecological and economic importance that has suffered a devastating decline since the 1990s in Europe. Native ash species are being threatened by the alien invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, which causes ash dieback. The main goal of the study was to develop markers for traits related to tolerance to ash dieback and to investigate whether genotypes selected for tolerance were genetically different from susceptible wild populations. We phenotyped 326 ash trees from Sweden for disease severity and genotyped them using 63 amplicon-derived single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from genes in 40 scaffolds spanning 8 MB in total, which represents approximately 1% of the ash genome. We used a mixed linear model to test for an association between genotypic variation at these loci and disease severity of ash. In total, two SNPs were found to have significant associations. One non-synonymous SNP associated with the disease severity of ash was found in a gene predicted to encode a subtilisin-related peptidase S8/S53 domain. A second marginally significant marker was associated with an LRR gene. Our results demonstrate an inexpensive time-effective method for generating genomic data that could have potential for use in future tree breeding programs and provide information for marker-assisted selection. Our study also showed a low differentiation between genotypes selected for disease tolerance and the wild population of ash representing a range of susceptibilities to ash dieback, indicating opportunities for further selection without significantly losing genetic diversity in the ash population.
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| 6. |
- Frostadottir, Drifa, et al.
(author)
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Legionella longbeachae wound infection : case report and review of reported Legionella wound infections
- 2023
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In: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2235-2988. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Extrapulmonary manifestations of infection with Legionella species, of which 24 may cause disease in humans, are very rare. Here, we describe a case of a 61-year-old woman with no history of immunosuppression presenting with pain and swelling of her index finger after a prick by rose thorns during gardening. Clinical examination showed fusiform swelling of the finger with mild redness, warmth, and fever. The blood sample revealed a normal white blood cell count and a slight increase in C-reactive protein. Intraoperative observation showed extensive infectious destruction of the tendon sheath, while the flexor tendons were spared. Conventional cultures were negative, while 16S rRNA PCR analysis identified Legionella longbeachae that also could be isolated on buffered charcoal yeast extract media. The patient was treated with oral levofloxacin for 13 days, and the infection healed quickly. The present case report, with a review of the literature, indicates that Legionella species wound infections may be underdiagnosed due to the requirement for specific media and diagnostic methods. It emphasizes the need for heightened awareness of these infections during history taking and clinical examination of patients presenting with cutaneous infections.
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| 7. |
- Gullers, Per, et al.
(author)
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High-frequency vertical wheel-rail contact forces – field measurements and influence of track irregularities
- 2008
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In: Wear. - 0043-1648. ; 265:9-10, s. 1472-1478
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Field measurements of vertical wheel–rail contact forces in the frequency range 0–2000 Hz are reported. Instrumented wheels are employed together with a new method for signal processing including suppression of disturbing wheel resonances. Four different classes of rail irregularities are identified which all require consideration of high-frequency dynamics when evaluating wheel–rail contact forces. Ten stretches of Swedish track were selected for inspection and measurement of rail irregularities. The expected correlation between rail corrugation and measured dynamic forces is confirmed. It is found that high-frequency dynamics in the range 100–1250 Hz contributes significantly to contact forces which are important in the development of rolling contact fatigue. The present application is to high-speed trains on the Swedish track network with its mixed passenger and freight traffic. However, the method makes it possible to assess the level of high-frequency wheel–rail contact forces for all types of train traffic and could be used for a quantitative analysis of a complete railway network.
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| 8. |
- Kist, Andreas M., et al.
(author)
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SCN10A Mutation in a Patient with Erythromelalgia Enhances C-Fiber Activity Dependent Slowing
- 2016
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gain-of-function mutations in the tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitive voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) Nav1.7 have been identified as a key mechanism underlying chronic pain in inherited erythromelalgia. Mutations in TTX resistant channels, such as Nav1.8 or Nav1.9, were recently connected with inherited chronic pain syndromes. Here, we investigated the effects of the p.M650K mutation in Nav1.8 in a 53 year old patient with erythromelalgia by micro-neurography and patch-clamp techniques. Recordings of the patient's peripheral nerve fibers showed increased activity dependent slowing (ADS) in CMi and less spontaneous firing compared to a control group of erythromelalgia patients without Nav mutations. To evaluate the impact of the p. M650K mutation on neuronal firing and channel gating, we performed current and voltage-clamp recordings on transfected sensory neurons (DRGs) and neuroblastoma cells. The p. M650K mutation shifted steady-state fast inactivation of Nav1.8 to more hyperpolarized potentials and did not significantly alter any other tested gating behaviors. The AP half-width was significantly broader and the stimulated action potential firing rate was reduced for M650K transfected DRGs compared to WT. We discuss the potential link between enhanced steady state fast inactivation, broader action potential width and the potential physiological consequences.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lundén, Daniel, 1993-, et al.
(author)
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Suspension Analysis and Selective Continuation-Passing Style for Higher-Order Probabilistic Programming Languages
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) make encoding and automatically solving statistical inference problems relatively easy by separating models from the inference algorithm. A popular choice for solving inference problems is to use Monte Carlo inference algorithms. For higher-order functional PPLs, these inference algorithms rely on execution suspension to perform inference, most often enabled through a full continuation-passing style (CPS) transformation. However, standard CPS transformations for PPL compilers introduce significant overhead, a problem the community has generally overlooked. State-of-the-art solutions either perform complete CPS transformations with performance penalties due to unnecessary closure allocations or use efficient, but complex, low-level solutions that are often not available in high-level languages. In contrast to prior work, we develop a new approach that is both efficient and easy to implement using higher-order languages. Specifically, we design a novel static suspension analysis technique that determines the parts of a program that require suspension, given a particular inference algorithm. The analysis result allows selectively CPS transforming the program only where necessary. We formally prove the correctness of the suspension analysis and implement both the suspension analysis and selective CPS transformation in the Miking CorePPL compiler. We evaluate the implementation for a large number of Monte Carlo inference algorithms on real-world models from phylogenetics, epidemiology, and topic modeling. The evaluation results demonstrate significant improvements across all models and inference algorithms.
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