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- Jarvid, Markus, 1985, et al.
(author)
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High electron affinity: a guiding criterion for voltage stabilizer design
- 2015
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 3:14, s. 7273-7286
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Voltage stabilizers are an emerging class of additives that enhance the dielectric strength of an insulating polymer such as polyethylene. Several partially conflicting reports ascribe the stabilizing effect to either a high electron affinity or low ionization potential of the additive. Here, we report a clear correlation of the electron affinity and to a lesser extent the EHOMO–ELUMO difference of various voltage stabilizers with electrical tree initiation in cross-linked polyethylene. To facilitate a fair evaluation, the voltage-stabilizing efficiency of a set of 13 previously reported voltage stabilizers, which strongly differ in their chemical composition, is compared at equal stabilizer concentration and equivalent test methodology. These results are correlated with the electron affinity and EHOMO–ELUMO difference, as obtained from density functional theory (DFT) modeling, which agreed well with available literature values. Moreover, based on the here established strong correlation between dielectric strength and electron affinity, a new molecule with exceptionally high electron affinity is selected from the extended literature on organic photovoltaics. This malononitrile–benzothiadiazole–triarylamine based molecule with a high electron affinity of 3.4 eV gives rise to a 148% increase in tree initiation field compared to 40% obtained using anthracene, one of the most efficient previously reported voltage-stabilizers, under equivalent test conditions. Thus, we here propose to use the electron affinity as a guiding criterion for identifying novel high-efficiency voltage stabilizers, which opens up the vast library of organic semiconductors as potential candidates, as well as associated synthesis routines for the design of yet unexplored materials.
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| 3. |
- Lindgren, Moa, et al.
(author)
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Type IV Collagen in Human Colorectal Liver Metastases—Cellular Origin and a Circulating Biomarker
- 2022
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In: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 14:14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Circulating type IV collagen (cCOL IV) is a potential biomarker for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) who present with elevated levels of COL IV in both CLM tissue and circulation. This study aimed to establish the cellular origin of elevated levels of COL IV and analyze circulating COL IV in CLM patients. The cellular source was established through in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical staining, and morphological evaluation. Cellular expression in vitro was assessed by immunofluorescence. Tissue expression of COL IV-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2, -7, -9, and -13 was studied with immunohistochemical staining. Plasma levels of COL IV in CLM patients and healthy controls were analyzed with ELISA. This study shows that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) express COL IV in the stroma of CLM and that COL IV is expressed in vitro by fibroblasts but not by tumor cells. MMP-2, -7, -9, and -13 are expressed in CLM tissue, mainly by hepatocytes and immune cells, and circulating COL IV is significantly elevated in CLM patients compared with healthy controls. Our study shows that stromal cells, not tumor cells, produce COL IV in CLM, and that circulating COL IV is elevated in patients with CLM.
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- Lundin, Anette, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Assistant Nurses' Positioned Accounts for Prioritizations in Residential Care for Older People
- 2021
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In: The Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press. - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 61:4, s. 573-581
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Objectives: Swedish eldercare is strained by an increased administrative workload, which draws time away from individual care of and interaction with older people. This study explores how eldercare staff, working closely with residents in Swedish special housing (nursing homes), make accounts for how they prioritize work tasks.Research Design and Methods: Openly structured, thematic interviews were conducted with 12 permanently employed, female assistant nurses, including a group interview with 3 of them. Positioned accounts (small stories) concerning prioritizations due to insufficient resources were analyzed, using Bamberg's three-level positioning analysis.Results: The analysis shows that the staff take a favorable position toward the older people by distinguishing between care and "the other things."They also justify prioritizations at odds with their care values. The assistant nurses present themselves as doing the best they can in organizationally restricted situations. Organizational demands limit the space for care, giving rise to an idealization of "icing on the cake."Morale is complex in residential care. A narration of "the torn carer"was found as a co-constructed storyline explaining why the staff did not perform eldercare consistent their care values.Discussion and Implications: When ideals and practice differ, interaction in the peer group becomes important in order to maintain a positive professional identity. "The torn carer"is a way for the staff to escape blame for not living up to care values, but it also victimizes them. Staff could be empowered by a working environment characterized by a reflective practice.
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- Lundin, Anette, et al.
(author)
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Feeling existentially touched - A phenomenological notion of the well-being of elderly living in special housing accommodation from the perspective of care professionals
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : CoAction Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article presents a phenomenological analysis of interview material, in which 12 care professionals in elderly care reflect on the elderly's well-being within the frame of special housing accommodation. The perspective of the care professionals is of special interest. The findings show that the well-being is characterized as the elderly's feelings of being existentially touched. The well-being is an existential experience of being acknowledged as a human being and is an approach that classifies the elderly's needs as those of having, loving, and being. The meaning of the phenomenon is elucidated by the constituents: (1) to feel the freedom of choice, (2) to feel pleasure, and (3) to feel closeness to someone or something. The findings contribute new understanding of well-being in the elderly care by its existential dimension of the well-being as "just being'' and of doing things in order to experience meaningfulness. Accordingly, the well-being of the elderly as it is seen from the perspective of the care professionals involves both carers' subjectivity and intersubjectivity between the care professional and the elderly. An implication for promoting elderly's well-being is to develop awareness of these existential dimensions.
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| 8. |
- Lundin, Anette
(author)
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Rättfärdigade prioriteringar : en kvalitativ analys av hur personal i äldreomsorgen hanterar motstridiga verksamhetslogiker
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation aims at contributing to social scientific knowledge about prevailing prioritizations in eldercarepractice by looking at an economic and a caring logic, and how these logics are overlapping, contradictory or comein conflict with each other. A more concrete aim is to understand how the personnel describe their work with orfor balance between the logics and their justifications prioritizations made in the care of older persons. The researchquestion is: How do personnel and care unit manager at a public nursing home understand and handle the twologics that govern care work for facilitating wellbeing of the residents. The aim and research question led to threesub-aims: 1) to analyze the personnel’s experiences of and meaning making about the care work they carry out, 2)to illuminate and problematize the two logics above, and 3)to analyze how the personnel justify their prioritizationsin prevailing context, and how their accountability have an effect on their professional identities.Empirical material was gathered through 13 individual interviews with care personnel and their care unitmanager at a public nursing home in Sweden. These interviews were complemented by a group interview. Thematerial was analyzed by the use of three methods: phenomenology (Paper I and II), reflexive analysis (Paper III),and a positioning analysis (Paper IV). Paper I found that the personnel understands the residents’ well-being asbeing characterized by feeling of being existentially touched. This essence is constituted by feeling freedom ofchoice, pleasure, and closeness to someone or something. In Paper II, the work for facilitating this kind of wellbeingwas characterized by three ambiguities: (i) freedom of choice for the older persons vs. institutionalconstraints, (ii) the residents' need for activation vs. wanting not to be activated, and (iii) the residents' need forroutine vs. the eldercarers' not being able to know what the residents need. Paper III showed that the care unitmanager created a hybrid of the two logics (economy is care and vice versa) and that the personnel oppose thishybrid. The opposition is shaped as the personnel divides their work in care and “those other things”. Thesefindings showed how interaction between the logics expresses itself in practice and that it is the personnel who hasto handle contradictions between the logics in their everyday care work. The positioning analysis in Paper IV hadthree levels. The first level showed how the carers align with their peers and that they find the organizationalframe, within which they have agency, changed due to increased workload. This change led to an order of priorities.The second level showed that the carers relate to three aspects when making accounts: the care itself, the olderpersons, and the media. The third level showed that the carers share a view of administration, cleaning, servingmeals, and filling up supplies, as not being parts of caring.The dissertation’s theoretical framework focused on theories on logics, accountability, and professionalidentity. The conclusion is that both logics are needed in order to facilitate the well-being of the older persons. Therelationships between the two logics are not always clear and if their contradictions are not illuminated, there is arisk for a care practice that does not facilitate the well-being of their residents. An important theoreticalcontribution is that logics of activities should be understood vertically (form political, through management, anddown to the level of practice) instead of horizontally. The practical implications emphasize the importance ofsupporting the personnel’s professional identity on the one hand, and discussing the logics on the other. Byunderstanding differences between definitions on management-level and practice level, a homogeneity can bereached.
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| 10. |
- Lundin, Anette, et al.
(author)
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Witnessing presence : Swedish care professionals' experiences of supporting resident's well-being processes within the frame of residential care homes (RCH)
- 2016
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In: Journal of Aging Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0890-4065 .- 1879-193X. ; 37, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to analyse the phenomenon of supportive care for older persons' well-being. The phenomenon is seen from the eldercarers' meaning-making through their lifeworld perspective at a residential care home. Based on primary empirical interview material with twelve professionals in the context of Swedish eldercare, a phenomenological analysis was undertaken. The result shows that the phenomenon of supportive care for older persons' well-being creates certain ambiguities in the professionals' meaning-making. In practice, it balances between the older persons' (from hereon called residents) needs and the conditions of the eldercare organization. The ambiguities (the what) is made up by three constituents: (i) freedom of choice for the older persons vs. institutional constraints, (ii) the residents' need for activation vs. wanting not to be activated, and (iii) the residents' need for routine vs. the eldercarers' not being able to know what the residents need. The conclusions drawn are that this ambiguity has consequences for the eldercarers' choice of handling supportive care for older persons' well-being (the how). They have to navigate between the support for authenticity, dwelling and mobility, and their own presence and time. In performing supportive care for older persons' well-being, the eldercarers have to consider aspects concerning the resident's lifeworld, the social setting of the eldercare ward, and the institutional demands of the organization. The practical implications for supporting well-being in the care of older residents are manifested in the importance of 'the little things', and the eldercarer's ability to give receptive attention, which requires presence.
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