| 1. |
- Dehlin, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Adolescents’ experiences of a parent’s serious illness
- 2009
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In: Palliative and Supportive Care. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 1478-9515 .- 1478-9523. ; 7:1, s. 13-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Adolescence is characterized by increasing liberation from parents as the young person evolves into an independent individual. Experiencing the serious illness and death of a parent during this phase implies great stress. Serious illness involves uncertainty, worry, and hope at the same time that it is necessary for everyday life to function. This study sought to describe adolescents’ experiences in the serious illness and death of a parent. Methods: The study was carried out using a qualitative method. Data were collected in interviews with five adolescents who were 14–17 years of age when one of their parents died. Results: The results show that the parent’s illness was a strong threat, as the adolescents understood that their own and the family’s lives would be greatly changed by the illness/death. The incomprehensibility of the parent’s serious illness and deathwas a threatening condition on its own. The adolescents strived to make the inconceivable more conceivable to understand what was happening. They also described the necessity of finding different ways of relating to and managing the threat, such as restoring order, seeking closeness, adapting, gaining control, avoiding talking about the illness, not accepting and counting the parent out. The adolescents described feelings of being alone and alienated, even though they were close to family and friends and they did not actively seek support. The lives of the adolescentswere changed by their experiences, beyond their bereavement over the parent. They felt that they had become more mature than their friends and that there had been a change in their thinking about life, changes in values, and changes in their views of relationships with other people. Significance of results: The results of the present study can form a basis for developing a support program whose purpose would be to prevent effects on health.
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| 2. |
- Mårtensson, Lena, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Long-term influences of a biopsychosocial rehabilitation programme for chronic pain patients.
- 2004
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In: Musculoskeletal care. - : Wiley. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 2, s. 152-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Chronic pain leads to high costs in the form of compensation for absence from work due to illness, production loss and health care utilization. Multidisciplinary treatment programmes at pain clinics can result in return to work and a decrease in doctor visits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term influences of a rehabilitation programme in primary health care for chronic pain patients with regard to doctor visits, frequency of sick-leave and level of disability. DESIGN: A longitudinal, intervention study design was used over a three-year period. METHODS: A biopsychosocial rehabilitation programme based on ego-strengthening psychotherapy was used. An occupational therapist and a physiotherapist led the intervention, which comprised two meetings per week for six weeks. The study was performed in a primary health care area in the southwest of Sweden with 54 chronic pain patients. RESULTS: The results showed a significant decrease in the number of doctor visits as well as sick-leave days. The level of absenteeism due to occupational disability changed significantly from being on sick leave to receiving a disability pension. CONCLUSIONS: The rehabilitation programme reduced patient attendance at health care facilities but did not increase the numbers of patients returning to work.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Christina, 1955, et al.
(author)
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Womenʼs experiences of being in the sick leave process
- 2021
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 28:6, s. 488-497
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Background: Being on sick leave is a risky situation, with loss of meaningful activities, exclusion from the labour market and losing the worker role. Although the benefits of the person’s active involvement in the sick leave process have been emphasized, an increase in sickness absence and longer sick leave periods is still seen, especially among women. Further studies are needed to more deeply understand the person’s own view of the situation. Aims/Objectives: To explore the experiences of being on sick leave among a group of women. Methods: An explorative, qualitative design was used. The analysis was based on individual, semi-structured interviews with 13 women, using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three categories emerged that describe the women’s experiences of the situation of being on sick leave: being regarded as an object, being supported and being engaged. The categories appeared as either barriers or enablers during the sick leave process. Conclusions: The sick leave process could be better understood through multiple dimensions, working at the individual, organizational and societal levels. Using occupation based models underlining the importance of the interaction between person, occupation (work activity) and the environment may contribute to elucidating the complexity in supporting options for the return to work.
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| 4. |
- Arola, Lea Annikki, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Viewing oneself as a capable person - experiences of professionals working with older Finnish immigrants
- 2017
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 31:4, s. 759-767
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2016 Nordic College of Caring Science.The proportion of older immigrants in the population is expected to increase in Sweden. Research indicates that older immigrants face the double burden of frailty, caused by a weaker health status, and the immigration process. Health promotion interventions can be used to prevent frailty and support healthy ageing in this population. Healthcare professionals are a crucial part of health promotion and the present study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' experiences of health in context of daily life among older immigrants to and provide a basis for the development of a health promotion intervention targeted at older immigrants. Four focus group discussions were conducted with professionals who worked with home-dwelling older people from Finland, currently living in Sweden. Participants represented a variety of healthcare professions. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The healthcare professionals perceived that health in daily life was (i) connected to the view of oneself as a capable person and (ii) participants strove to maintain their own origin. The findings highlighted that when planning for health promotion interventions for older immigrants, the point of departure should be to recognise the person as a person and the background of immigration is not the first issue to address. Therefore, a person-centred health promotion intervention is recommended to open a dialogue between healthcare professionals and older immigrants, so that a common view of the intervention can be reached.
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| 5. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Chilenska arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av kultur - ur ett personligt och professionellt perspektiv
- 2015
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In: Arbetsterapiforum. 15-16 april 2015. Göteborg, Sverige..
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Bakgrund: Intresset för kultur har ökat inom det arbetsterapeutiska fältet i sista år. Det finns en brist på kunskap om hur kulturen erfars av arbetsterapeuter utanför de dominerande regionerna i professionell utveckling. Syfte: Att öka förståelsen för hur Chilenska arbetsterapeuter erfar kultur både ur ett personligt och professionellt perspektiv, och hur kultur tar sig i uttryckt i deras arbete Metod: En kvalitativ metod används, och data analyseras med Content Analysis. Prel. Resultat: Kultur erfar som en kontinuerlig och pågående förhandling mellan arbetsterapeuternas personliga och professionella kulturer, och deras klienter och dess omgivande kontextuella kultur. Erfarenheter av kulturen är komplexa, kaotiska, och mycket kontextberoende. Slutsats: Kulturellt relevanta metoder krävs i arbetsterapi. Kulturella barriärer visas även om avståndet mellan utövare och klienter den uppfattas som inte bred. Studien öppnar för möjligheten att vidare undersöka hur olika aktörer med anknytning till arbetsterapeutiska interventioner upplever kultur i olika sammanhang av metoder i Chile.
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| 6. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Development of a Cultural Awareness Scale for Occupational Therapy Students in Latin America: A Qualitative Delphi study
- 2016
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In: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 23:2, s. 196-205
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cultural awareness is a key issue in health care worldwide. Valid and reliable assessments are needed to assess cultural awareness for occupational therapy students. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to assess cultural awareness for Latin American occupational therapy students. A Delphi design was implemented considering four rounds with experts from four countries. A 30-item scale in Spanish was developed to assess three categories of items: personal, therapeutic strategies and persons’ cultures. The experts highlighted local features for professional practice as a key aspect of the scale. Local differences in practice were considered with the profession’s traditions and prevailing knowledge across the scale. A participatory strategy and an international group of experts enriched the cultural relevance. A subsequent study of statistical reliability is required (the scale is not presented in an extended version here). Further research should consider the application of the scale and strategies to improve cultural awareness across the curricula.
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| 7. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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EL CONCEPTO DE CULTURA EN LA TEORIA Y PRÁCTICA DE LA TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL: UNA REVISION DE LA LITERATURA
- 2013
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In: I Congreso Chileno y VIII Jornadas Nacionales de Terapia Ocupacional.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Un término de uso común, como “cultura” ha sido explicado en distintos modos y niveles en la literatura de Terapia Ocupacional, en los últimos 50 años, mostrando en el último período una tendencia creciente a explicar y resaltar cómo la ocupación se expresa dentro de contextos socio históricos particulares, que determinan el diario vivir de personas y colectivos, así como las prácticas disciplinares. Algunos autores han mostrado la necesidad de incorporar en la mirada de la disciplina a las comunidades, como sujetos colectivos, considerando la diversidad, raza, opción sexual u otras manifestaciones usualmente asociadas a cultura. Mantener prácticas mono culturales parece generar iniciativas iatrogénicas en el quehacer profesional. Objetivos: Identificar y reconocer cómo el concepto de cultura (y sus constructos relacionados) han sido desarrollados en la literatura científica en Terapia Ocupacional. Metodología/Estrategias: Revisión de Literatura Integrativa, considerando las publicaciones científicas entre 2006 y 2011 en revistas indexadas. El análisis considera la presentación y categorización de los distintos conceptos y constructos asociados a cultura (diversidad, raza, comunidades, etc.), y cómo estos han impactado y se han usado para modificar la teoría y práctica de la profesión. Resultados: Investigación en desarrollo. El resultado esperado es poder mostrar las diferentes percepciones acerca de cultura en la disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional y promover la implementación de teorías y prácticas culturalmente centradas y relevantes. Discusión: La revisión de literatura considera, principalmente, textos producidos en inglés, y por tanto, disponibles en motores de búsqueda bibliográfico. Se debe analizar cómo se evidencian investigaciones en otros idiomas Relevancia para la TO. La necesidad de contar con miradas culturalmente centradas y relevantes, se hace crítico a nivel mundial, movilizado desde actividades gremiales y científicas. Revisar y conceptualizar cultura, desde una mirada amplia, y a la vez disciplinar, es un primer paso en este sentido.
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| 8. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Feeling like a stranger: negotiations with culture as experienced by Chilean occupational therapists
- 2016
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 23:6, s. 425-436
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Although occupational therapy has begun to focus on the subject of culture, few studies have examined how occupational therapists outside the English-speaking countries reflect on it. Aim To explore how Chilean occupational therapists reflect on their personal and professional experiences in regard to the complexity of culture, and its different understandings and expressions. Methods This qualitative study uses content analysis to establish common trends in participants’ experiences. A validation phase and data triangulation were implemented to ensure trustworthiness. Results Culture is experienced as a continuous negotiation in personal and professional terms. One central theme, ‘negotiating through the dynamism of culture’, and three categories, ‘dealing with power’, ‘understanding local and global identities’, and ‘crossing the boundaries into the client’s land’, emerged. These experiences are complex, chaotic, and highly context-dependent. Discussion During therapeutic encounters, practitioners and clients may experience cultural barriers even if their differences are not obvious in cultural terms. As a result of this finding, we recommend the inclusion of culture and cultural issues in professional training. The impact of a multicultural research team is discussed. Future research should explore how the construct of culture is introduced in occupational therapy professional training in Chile.
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| 9. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Kultur i arbetsterapeutisk teori och praktik: En litteraturstudie
- 2013
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In: At-FORUM 2013, 24-25 April 2013, Stockholm, Sverige.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Bakgrund: I den arbetsterapeutiska litteraturen beskrivs sedan länge begreppet kultur på olika sätt och i olika dimensioner På senare tiden har en fokus legat på att förklara hur aktiviteter och individer ingår som en del i ett socialt sammanhang. Några författare har påvisat ett behov att begreppsliggöra arbetsterapi som en äkta klientcentrerad disciplin där samhället (med mångfalden som en kärnfråga bland kulturer) betraktas som en egen aktör med egna behov och möjligheter till förändring. I en sådan omvärdering är det angeläget att utveckla teoretiska ansatser som betonar kulturell mångfald. Syfte: Att identifiera och förstå innebörden i begreppet kultur (och tillhörande konstruktioner) så som arbetsterapeuter använder eller uttrycker det i den vetenskapliga litteraturen. Tillvägagångssätt och analys: Studien är en integrativ litteraturstudie med utgång i vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade mellan åren 2006 och 2011 i indexerade tidskrifter. Analysen består av en övergripande kartläggning och kategorisering av de olika slag eller konstruktioner som är kopplade till begreppet kultur (mångfald, kompetens, organisatoriska, etnicitet osv.) samt hur dessa används för att förbättra praxis och teoriutveckling. Resultat/förväntat resultat: Studien är pågående. Den förväntade betydelsen av studien är att kunna påvisa olika uppfattningar om kultur inom disciplinen arbetsterapi och att främja implementering av kulturfokuserad teori och praktik som riktas direkt mot meningen och betydelsen av aktiviteter i samhället.
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| 10. |
- Castro, Daniela, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Occupational therapy and culture: a literature review
- 2014
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:6, s. 401-414
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Occupational therapy has culture as a relevant phenomenon of interest. Culture appears increasingly often in occupational therapy research, from diverse approaches and foci. As culture is difficult to define, and has political and ethical implications, an investigation into its usage is warranted. Aim: To identify and describe how culture as a broad phenomenon is expressed in OT research published between 2006 and 2011, regarding knowledge development in the discipline and its impact on practice. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out, using an integrative literature review. Thirty-nine studies in English were included. Results: From the analysis, two dimensions concerning expressions of culture emerged: “culture is alive” and “occupational therapy as a culture”. Aside from these dimensions, a group of forces that have an impact on these dimensions is described. Conclusions: In its understanding of expressions of culture, occupational therapy stands at a crossroads between traditional and critical approaches. A lack of critical insight into professional knowledge increases the risk that occupational therapy will remain satisfied with the current understanding of culture, based on the dominant knowledge. The discipline could fail to address the political, ethical, and theoretical issues required to reach the targeted diversity in its practice.
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