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- Hansen, Violeta, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Indoor radon survey in Greenland and Whitehorse, Canada, and dose assessment
- 2023
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In: XIX conference of the Nordic Society for Radiation Protection, held at Malmö Live, Malmö, Sweden, June 5-9, 2023. - https://nsfs.org/?lang=en : Yukon Lung Association.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Indoor radon and its decay products are the primary sources of the population's exposure to background ionizing radiation and one of the leading causes of lung cancer, with a higher risk for smokers due to the synergistic effects of radon decay products and cigarette smoking. In the Arctic and sub-Arctic, winters are longer than at lower latitudes, and people spend more time indoors than in more temperate climate regions. The permafrost acts as an effective radon barrier, reducing indoor radon exposure, but permafrost is now thawing due to climate change, and its effect on indoor radon exposure is unknown. A total of 459 year-long radon measurements in 257 detached and semi-detached residential homes in southwest and south Greenland were carried out and a dose assessment was performed. A community-driven long-term radon survey was completed in 232 residential homes in different subdivisions of sub-Arctic Whitehorse, Canada, during the heating season from November to April in 2016 – 2017 and 2017 – 2018. The annual arithmetic and geometric means of indoor radon concentrations were 10.5 ± 0.2 Bq m-3 and 8.0 ± 2.3 Bq m-3 in Nuuk, 139.0 ± 1.0 Bq m-3 and 97.3 ± 2.1 Bq m-3 in Narsaq, and 42.1 ± 0.7 Bq m-3 and 22.0 ± 3.1 Bq m-3 in Qaqortoq. The arithmetic and geometric means of indoor radon activity concentrations in different subdivisions of Whitehorse ranged from 52 ± 0.6 Bq m-3 and 37 ± 2.3 Bq m-3 in Downtown to 993.0 ± 55.0 Bq m-3 and 726.2 ± 2.4 Bq m-3 in Wolf Creek. Underlying geology and the glacial surfaces may partly explain these variations in indoor radon concentrations. The estimated annual average dose to adults in Greenland and Whitehorse is higher than the world's average annual effective dose of 1.3 mSv due to inhalation of indoor radon.
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- Johnstone, Mandy, et al.
(author)
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Copy number variations in DISC1 and DISC1-interacting partners in major mental illness
- 2015
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In: Molecular neuropsychiatry. - : S. Karger AG. - 2296-9209. ; 1:3, s. 175-190
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Robust statistical, genetic and functional evidence supports a role for DISC1 in the aetiology of major mental illness. Furthermore, many of its protein-binding partners show evidence for involvement in the pathophysiology of a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Copy number variants (CNVs) are suspected to play an important causal role in these disorders. In this study, CNV analysis of DISC1 and its binding partners PAFAH1B1, NDE1, NDEL1, FEZ1, MAP1A, CIT and PDE4B in Scottish and Northern Swedish population-based samples was carried out using multiplex amplicon quantification. Here, we report the finding of rare CNVs in DISC1, NDE1 (together with adjacent genes within the 16p13.11 duplication), NDEL1 (including the overlapping MYH10 gene) and CIT. Our findings provide further evidence for involvement of DISC1 and its interaction partners in neuropsychiatric disorders and also for a role of structural variants in the aetiology of these devastating diseases.
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- MacLean, Douglas
(author)
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Between Desire and Destruction : A Reading of The Go-Between
- 2014
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In: Understanding Love. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780195384512 ; , s. 163-184
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Go-Between, a novel by L.P. Hartley made into a film directed by Joseph Losey, tells the interrelated stories of a forbidden love between a beautiful aristocrat and a farmhand and of an adolescent’s introduction to the unruliness of sexual desire. Showing how the film can alter the dominant theme of the book while remaining exceptionally faithful to the story, this essay brings out how subtly a change in medium can change the meaning of a narrative. The cruel inflexibility of the English class system at the turn of the twentieth century and the arrogance of its upper class are highlighted in both versions of the story, but the movie emphasizes the human costs of a class system while the novel focuses on the psychological destruction of its young protagonist.
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- MacLean, Douglas
(author)
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Challenges to the Principle of Personal Good
- 2015
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In: Weighing and Reasoning. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199684908
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- John Broome defends a Principle of Personal Good, which explains how the good of individuals combines to determine the general good. This chapter contains two main arguments. First, the conception of the general good covered by the principle leaves a large and important class of non-personal goods unaccounted for. Second, some personal goods supervene on individuals but are irreducibly communal in nature. Thus, something can be part of the general good without making any person better off. This second argument supports and extends a criticism of the “sure-thing†principle of rational choice to social decisions involving risk. The chapter ends with a brief comment on the value of human life.
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- MacLean, Douglas
(author)
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Life, Value of
- 2013
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In: International Encyclopedia of Ethics. - Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- MacLean, Douglas
(author)
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Prisoner’s Dilemmas, intergenerational asymmetry, and climate change ethics
- 2015
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In: The Prisoner’s Dilemma. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9781107044357 ; , s. 219-242
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Climate change is happening, and human activity is the cause. What are we going to do about it? Bill McKibben calls this “the most important question that there ever was.†It is a practical question, but it also raises some philosophical issues. My goal in this chapter is to examine these philosophical issues. They include matters of self-interest and rational choice, and they include moral issues about the value of nature, the nature of human values, and difficult issues about international justice and intergenerational morality. A number of writers have pointed out that climate change has remarkable spatial and temporal characteristics. It is a global problem and a paradigm of what game theorists call the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The fundamental characteristic of a Prisoner’s Dilemma is that if each agent successfully pursues its rational best interests, the result is collectively worse for each of them than some other possible result. I will discuss this issue in Section 12.3 below. The temporal problem is an illustration of intergenerational asymmetry, or what some philosophers call the “tyranny of the present.†In each generation, people must decide whether they will collectively accept some costs in order to reduce greater harms and costs in the future or continue to pursue short-term gains and pass the problem on to the next generation. Because future people do not exist, they cannot bargain, reciprocate, compensate, reward, or punish us for what we do. I will discuss the implications of this asymmetry in intergenerational morality in Sections 12.4 and 12.5. Both of these philosophical problems are familiar, and I will have little to add to the technical analysis of them. Once one understands and accepts the central facts about climate change, moreover, it is easy enough to formulate principles that tell us what we must do to avoid causing the worst harms and to mitigate the future harms we have already caused.
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- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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