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- Kashina, Ekaterina, et al.
(author)
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Wild boar tusk adornments and tools from the neolithic hunter-gatherer sites in the Volga-Oka interfluve (Central Russia)
- 2020
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In: Beauty and the eye of the beholder: personal adornments across the millennia / edited by Monica Mărgărit and Adina Boroneanţ. - Targoviște : Editura Cetatea de Scaun. - 9786065374614 ; , s. 151-162
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wild boars were among the most desired hunting preys for the Mesolithic and Neolithic hunters in the East European forest zone. Their bones constantly occur among the faunal remains, as well as ready-made tools and ornaments at settlements and in burial contexts. Because of their morphological and aesthetical properties, wild boar canines have been the preferred material for making adornments and tools. This article discusses wild boar tusk artefacts from the Neolithic hunter-gatherer sites in Central Russia. For the first time an overview of all wild boar tusk items from the collections curated at the State Historical Museum in Moscow is given. The article presents the geographical and chronological background of the research area along with six radiocarbon dates from the Velikodvorye I site, which are published for the first time. Tusks were treated in different ways to obtain the required shape and the most attention is paid to their forms, raw material characteristics, morphology and technological aspects. The osteological analysis suggests the preference for considerably large canines from specimens at least five years old as the raw material for making adornments and tools. A small part of the investigated materials are raw wild boar canines. The majority of tools are represented by awls. The largest part of tusk items consists of pendants of different geometrical forms and the so-called torque-shaped adornments. The latter were constructed of perforated tusks, sometimes found in pairs. The find contexts (settlement deposits and an adult male burial) of the torque shaped adornments suggest a special symbolic meaning assigned for these artefacts.
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- Macane, Aija, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Marmot incisors and bear tooth pendants in Volosovo hunter-gatherer burials. New radiocarbon and stable isotope data from the Sakhtysh complex, Upper-Volga region
- 2019
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In: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-409X. ; 26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines Volosovo period chronology at the hunter-gatherer settlement and burial sites Sakhtysh II and IIa (Upper-Volga area, Russia) by presenting 15 new AMS and stable bulk isotope (EA-IRMS; δ13C, δ15N, %C, %N, C:N ratio) measurements of animal bones and teeth from ritual contexts, as well as the first published AMS-dated charred organic residues on Volosovo pottery. The results confirm some recently presented views about chronology and further contradict the use sequence previously proposed for the sites. The discrepancies may be partially related to freshwater reservoir effect (FRE), but mostly to the problems in the quality and context of the conventional datings. The results are also briefly discussed in the background of general Volosovo chronology. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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- Macane, Aija, 1985, et al.
(author)
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More Than Just Zvejnieki: An Overview of Latvian Stone Age Burials
- 2021
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In: European Journal of Archaeology. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1461-9571 .- 1741-2722. ; 24:3, s. 299-323
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The well-known Zvejnieki cemetery, with 330 burials, is one of the largest hunter-gatherer cemeteries in northern Europe, overshadowing the more than 115 other Stone Age burials from over ten sites in Latvia. This article is a first overview of these other burials, summarizing their research history, characteristics, and assemblages. The authors discuss the problematic chronology of Latvian Stone Age burials and place them in a wider regional context. Most of the burials are hunter-gatherer burials, and a few are Corded Ware graves. This overview broadens our understanding of Latvian Stone Age burials and brings to light the diversity of hunter-fisher-gatherer mortuary practices in the eastern Baltic region.
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- Macane, Aija, 1985
(author)
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Petrified animals: fossil beads from a Neolithic hunter-gatherer double burial at Zvejnieki in Latvia
- 2020
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In: Antiquity. - : Antiquity Publications. - 0003-598X .- 1745-1744. ; 94:376, s. 916-931
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The cemetery at Zvejnieki in Latvia was in use from c. 7500-2600 BC, spanning part of the regional Mesolithic and Neolithic. This article presents a reanalysis of finds from a double inhumation burial of a male and a female dating to 3786-3521 BC. A unique leg ornament associated with the female is composed of tubular beads. Previously believed to have been made of bird bone, reanalysis of 68 of these beads now demonstrates that they were produced from fossilised sea lilies (Crinoidea). This new identification of a rarely recognised raw material is discussed in the context of other hunter-gatherer encounters with unusual materials and their environments.
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